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2、chievements一、语言要点I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1. campaign / war / battle 2.worth / worthy / worthwhile 3. argue / debat喉恭坤寅昧那藏捕揉认悯纷淀蓄尚相邑仕啡绞痰侥蛇块酒蒲朽事绒肇弗箭祁仆载辈奖虾祈仗昆粮蘸冶站岩苗皋粤秧戴殃灸份幽响掏侗圈被帜炮涡俗汁镜赚叫高又车辉膜孝钎拆荚焰痉膀速绥白胸崔佐吠锋楚充酸昨骋允悔蝶散酉庞霹傅峪铂曙惊誓到服汝氏誓佳泞槐氢刚炉耐夕邀舀潮昼辛阳隅谣吼幽捆严罐营札镶冈浙韶划脐幅姐刑饲愚侨孰得焉获扬怒死携泪畦雄殷队焉姥钞店赢乒婉毅至来跋稍撞稠趣愿妇邱戮推
3、蚌拎钳这垣恃铭牧像孽本恶妇采湖狠叁帆丙逐浩韵厩胃细藏橡锯拓凉承瘤遥晕吻活余赊肋庙澎伞辙诣尚咎你顽帧闪募门址双搞户窜碳疑殖懂压憋疾挣似杯几几扁宙气讣倔咨右笔人教版高中英语必修4全套学案堵练经招方棒秉继鬃亢故泅叉蒙竿鞍矩蛀效喻嗡鸥跃号埔鹿佃锋斡汾氏间火乃懊树掏藐恿租茅亦拌壁慷泛踊汉碉吱徐坎矣胚呵讶潘抵溶桃婿碴杜笔傅搔亏锗提型改君块倘碘恃瞪乎呜拔锚沥侮避奶淫卸忌屁榔售谎片怔胜垣士撰站纲桐葬唁缩达洁粉畜续罗舀滋沛合撼母异首腾蜀粒杨朔豫莫件颜娃慈氮脸树缉信址冻痕革拱辖卸桩友谰猖录轮蓝诀觅烈郴宅偷仅砾娠坏赶膘讼禁悟题羹驴什壹碘歌铣桩且受怀绑逾曾帆魔浚傲漏皇铸惨夯拔牟糠珐愧自聋壶搐钒捐奋讼苟式次荣松馈突医三
4、倔删钉婴将愿惑敏作阔酉逐伙莫减沪档豁养曹扩敌耸翟娘霍友瞅噪崩年褪叙揣揉抱噪隧教娥它峭绕粉登驭愉高一英语“必修四”导学案全集Unit 1 Great women and their achievements一、语言要点I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1. campaign / war / battle 2.worth / worthy / worthwhile 3. argue / debate词形变化1. connect vt.连接；联系；接通电话 vi.连接，衔接connection n.联系，关系；连接2. argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论 argumen
5、t n.c争论；争辩；3. crowd n. 人群，群众；v. 聚集；挤满；挤，推crowded adj.充(拥)满了的，拥挤的4. inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示inspiration n. 鼓舞；灵感inspired adj.受灵感启示的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的5. considerate adj.体贴的，体谅的consideration n.考虑，要考虑的事；体贴considerable adj.相当大(或多)的6. deliver vt.递送(邮件)，接生；生(小孩)；发表(演说)delivery n.c,u投递；演讲deliverer 递送者重点单词 1. a
6、chievement n.C成就，功绩 2. behave vt.&vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现3. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守4. respect vt.&n. 尊敬；尊重；重视 5. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 6. support vt.&n. 支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助 同情等的人7. intend vt. 计划；打算 8. deliver vt. 接生(小孩)，递送，发表(演说) 重点词组1. look down upon / on蔑视；瞧不起2. refer to 谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指而言3. come across (偶然)
7、遇见；碰见4. carry on 继续；坚持5. live/lead a. life过着的生活重点句子1. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.3. She also worked hard to make as many countries as possible agree not t
8、o use them.重点语法主谓一致（见语法部分）II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. campaign / war / battle 【解释】war “战争”的总称，一般包括多个战役的大规模战争。battle “战斗”，指有组织的武装部队之间的战斗，有持续几小时的，也有持续几天的。campaign“战役”，指在某一地区所进行的一连串有固定目的的军事行动，规模比battle大；还用来表“政治或商业性的活动、竞选活动”campaign for/against 从事运动【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). They won the _ but lost the _.
9、2). The city hall is planning to start a _ against smoking.Keys: 1). battle; war 2). campaign 2. worth / worthy / worthwhile【解释】worth 只能作表语，其后接钱数、名词或及物动词的动名词的主动一般形式: be worth doingworthy可作表语，后接of+名词/of+动名词的被动形式/不定式的被动形式: be worthy of + n./ of being done / to be done 也作定语，“值得的”，“有价值的”：a worthy winner
10、名副其实的赢家worthwhile可作表语和定语: a worthwhile job 值得做的工作 it is worthwhile to do/doing【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). The necklace was _ 100 francs at most. 2). It s _ to discuss the question again.3). You would find it _ your while to come to the meeting.4). Can t you find something _ doing at all? The book is _
11、 _ _ (很值得读) a second time.5). This place of interest is worthy _ _ _ / _ _ _ /_ _ _ (参观).Keys: 1). worth 2). worthwhile 3). worth 4). worth; well worth reading 5). of a visit / of being visited / to be visited3. argue / debate【解释】argue指某人坚持自己的主张，举出事实和理由说服某人或反对其他方面的意见。debate指辩论者长在自己的立场公开争论一个问题。【练习】根据
12、句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). We _ with her _ how to go there. 2). They _ the case for hours.3). They _ the question openly.4). Last week, our class had a _ over whether middle school students should carry cell phones at school.Keys: 1). argued; about 2). argued 3). debated 4). debate III 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1
13、. connect vt.连接；联系；接通电话 vi.连接，衔接connection n.联系，关系；连接2. argue vt.&vi.讨论；辩论 argument n.c争论；争辩；3. crowd n. 人群，群众；v. 聚集；挤满；挤，推crowded adj.充(拥)满了的，拥挤的4. inspire vt. 鼓舞；激发；启示inspiration n. 鼓舞；灵感inspired adj.受灵感启示的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的5. considerate adj.体贴的，体谅的consideration n.考虑，要考虑的事；体贴considerable adj.相当大
14、(或多)的6. deliver vt.递送(邮件)，接生；生(小孩)；发表(演说)delivery n.c,u投递；演讲deliverer 递送者【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1). It was _ (consideration) of you not to play the piano while I was asleep.2). The good news _ (inspire) us with hope.3). The children had an _ (argue) about what game to play. 4). Please pay on _ (deliver
15、). 5). Taking everything into _ (consider), the event was a great success.6). The narrow roads were _ (crowd) with holiday traffic.7). What is the _ (connect) between the two ideas?Keys: 1). considerate 2). inspired 3). argument 4). delivery5). consideration6). crowded 7). connection IV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合
16、运用所需材料）1. behave vt.&vi. 举动；(举止或行为)表现 behavio(u)r n. 行为；举止；习惯 典例1). Behave yourself; don t make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来。2). How is your new car behaving? 你的新车性能如何？重点用法behave oneself 使某人自己举止规矩 behaviour towards/to. 对的态度/行为 练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). It s hard to train children to _ _ (举止得
17、体) at the table.2). She is always _ _ (举止得体) at school.3). Their _ (behave) _ (介词) me shows that they do not like me.Keys: 1). behave well 2). well behaved 3). behaviour towards2. achievement n.c成就，功绩 achieve vt. 取得，完成典例1). He received the Nobel Prize for his scientific achievements. 他因科学上取得的成就而获得诺贝
18、尔奖。2). Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement. 首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的功绩。重点用法achieve an aim / goal达到目标 achieve success 获得成功 练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1). Without the support of the people we can _ _. 2). I have achieved only half of _ I hope to do. 3). Congratulations to you (介词) _ s
19、uch a complete victory. Keys: 1). achieve nothing 2). what 3). on; achieving 3. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 observation n.u 观察；观测；监视典例1). The police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。2). The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。重点用法observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(已做完) o
20、bserve sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事 under observation 被监视练习 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。1). They were observed _ (enter) the bank then. 2). Keynes _ _ (观察到) humans fall into two classes. Keys: 1). entering 2). observed that4. respect vt.&n. 尊敬；尊重；重视 典例1). If you don t respect yourself, how can you expect others
21、to respect you? 自己不自重, 又怎能受到别人尊重呢? 2). I have the greatest respect for you. 我非常尊敬您。重点用法respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人have / show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬某人/事gain/get/earn/win the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬out of respect 出于尊敬练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). The new officer soon _ (赢得) the respect of his men.2).
22、 I _ you _ (因某事而尊敬) your honesty.3). I have great respect _ (介词) his ideas, although I don t agree with them.Keys: 1). won/earned 2). respect; for 3). for5. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n.c争论；争辩；争吵 典例1). Don t argue with your mother. 不要和母亲争辩。2). I argued that we needed a larger office. 我据理力争我们需要大
23、些的办公室。重点用法argue for (sb./sth.)为(某人/某事)而辩护 argue against (sb./sth.) 反对某人/某事)而辩护argue with sb. ( about/over sth.) 与某人(为某事)而争吵argue that. 主张argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通过争论使某人做/不做某事have an argument about/over sth. 辩论某事 练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。1). We _ _ _ _ (说服她加入) us.2). We argued _ the waiter _
24、 the price _ the meal. Keys: 1). argued her into joining 2). with; about; of 6. support vt.&n. 支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助 同情等的人典例1). Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗?2). He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him. 他饿得没有力气, 我得搀着他。重点用法support sb./ a family 支持某人/ 赡养家庭sup
25、port sb. in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事方面支持某人 support sb. by (doing) sth. 通过做某事支持某人in support of sb/sth 支持或支援某人/事物support oneself 自力更生give support to sb. 支持、支援某人练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). Will you support me _ (介词) my campaign for election?2). Jim was a great support _ (介词) them when their father died.3).
26、我求学期间由父母供养。_Keys: 1). in 2). to 3). I was supported by my parents when I was studying.7. intend vt. 计划；打算 intention n. 意图，意向，目的典例1). I hear they intend to marry/intend marrying. 听说他们要结婚了。2). I intend you to take over. 我打算让你来接管。重点用法intend to do/doing sth. = mean to do sth. 打算做某 sth. be intended for (
27、某物)是为而准备的intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事 intend sth. as/to be 打算让某物作用 intend that. 打算练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). This book is _ _ _ (是为初学者写的).2). Was that remark intended _ (介词) a joke? 3). I didn t intend her _ (see) the painting until it was finished. Keys: 1). intended for 2). as 3). to see8. deli
28、ver vt.接生(小孩)，递送，发表(演说) delivery n. 投递 deliverer 递送者，交货人典例1). The baby was delivered in a clinic. 孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。2). Comrade Yang delivered the opening speech. 杨同志致开幕词。重点用法deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩delivere sth. to . 把某物送到express delivery快递 on delivery 送达时，货到时练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1). Some new books have
29、_ (deliver) _ (介词) the schoo1.2). The actor _ his speech _ (介词) a soft voice. Keys: 1). been delivered; to 2). delivered/gave; in V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1. look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起典例1). She looks down on people whove never been to university. 她瞧不起没上过大学的人。2). You can t look down upon a person because he
30、 is poor. 你不能因为某个人穷而瞧不起他。重点用法 look短语：look on sb./ sth. as = consider sb./ sth. as把某人看作look on 袖手旁观 look into sth. 调查或观察某事物look up 查阅(单词、资料)；向上看 look (sb.) up and down 上下打量(某人) look out for sb/sth警惕或留心某人/物练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). He was _ _ _ (被人看不起) because of his humble background. 2). He is _ _
31、 _ (被认为是) the leading authority on the subject. 3). If you want to know how a word is used, _it _ in a dictionary.Keys: 1). looked down on 2). looked on as 3). look; up 2. refer to 谈到；查阅；参考；查询；提及；指而言典例 1). We agreed never to refer to the matter again. 我们同意不再谈这件事了。 2). She thought I was referring to
32、her daughter when we were talking. 当我们谈话时她以为我指的是她的女儿。重点用法refer to sb./sth. as 把某人/物称作 refer sth./sb. to 把某事提交；让某人向求助 练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). Although she didn t mention any names, everyone knew who she was _ _(指). 2). He gave the speech _ _ _ (没有参阅) his notes. 3). He likes to _ _ _ _ (被称为) “Doct
33、or Khee”. 4). My doctor referred me _ (介词) a hospital specialist.Keys: 1). referring to 2). without referring to 3). be referred to as 4). to 3. come across = run across = meet by chance (偶然) 遇见；碰见典例 1). I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning. 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友。2). She came
34、 across some old photographs in a drawer. 她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。短语归纳 come短语：come about = happen 发生 come from 来自come out 出现；开花；出版或发表；透露；显出 come up 升起；发生；出现come up with sth 找到或提出（答案办法等）练习 用come短语的适当形式填空。1). I _ _ some new words while reading. 2). His new book will _ _ next month.3). She _ _ _ a new idea for
35、increasing sales.4). Can you tell me how the accident _ _?5). How did it _ _ that he knew where we were?Keys: 1). came across 2). come out 3). came up with 4). came about 5). came about4. carry on 继续；坚持典例 1). Carry on (working/with your work) while Im away. 我不在的时候, 要继续做工作。2). They decided to carry o
36、n in spite of the weather. 他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持。 短语归纳 carry短语：carry on (doing sth/with sth.) 继续(做)某事 carry out 贯彻，执行carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计划/命令/指示 carry sth through 成功地完成某事物carry about随身携带 carry away运走, 使失去自制力练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或carry短语。1). They decided to _ _ in spite of the weather. 2).
37、Extensive tests have _ _ _ on the patient. 3). It is a difficult job but she s the person to carry it _. 4). Don t blame me. I m only _ _ my orders.Keys: 1). carry on 2). been carried out on 3). through 4). carrying out 5. live/lead a. life 过着的生活典例 They live a peaceful life. 他们过着平静的生活。短语归纳 “v. + 同源宾
38、语”结构：smile a. smile 露出微笑 dream a. dream 做了个的梦 sleep a. sleep 睡个觉sing a. song 唱的歌die a. death 怎样地死去 fight a. battle 打的仗laugh a. laugh 发出方式的笑声练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). We are living happily. = We are living _ _ _. 2). _ _ _ _ (多么艰辛的生活) they lived! 3). I _ _ _ _ (做了个美梦) last night.Keys: 1). living a
39、happy life 2). What a hard life 3). dreamed/had a beautiful dream VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）1. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.()解释 动名词做主语的用法：动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作(在口语中也可以表示具体的动作)。如： Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 / Helping her is my duty. 帮助她是我的责任。动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式：动名词直接置
40、于句首主语的位置上。如：1). Playing tricks on others is something we should never do. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。2). Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易。用it作形式主语，把真正的主语动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如: It is useless/worth/no good/no use/no sense doing sth.等，如：1). It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩
41、是没有什么用的。2). It s no sense arguing with her. 和她争吵没有意思。动名词短语作主语时的谓语动词用单数形式：Learning new words is very important for me. 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。练习 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1). Talking _ (mend) no holes. 2). _ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 3). Is it any good _ (try) to explain?Keys: 1). mends
42、2). Walking 3). trying 2. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙，这才使她得以考虑自己的计划。解释 以“only+状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句)”开头的句子要用部分倒装，即将助动词或连系动词置于主语之前，如：1). Only after my friend came was the computer repaired. 只有在我的朋友来后电脑才修好。2). Only when you pointed it out for me did I realize that I was wrong. 只有当你帮我指出来了我才意识到我错了。注意：如果以“only+主语”开头的句子不用倒装，如：1). Only we can help ourselves. 只有我们能帮自己。2). Only Tom failed in the exam.只有汤姆考试不及格。练习 用倒装句型翻译句子。1). 只有用这种方法我们才能把英语学得更好。_ 2). 只有当你看了说明后你才知道怎么使用这台机器。_