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1、高考化学方程式大全一、非金属单质(F2，Cl2,O2,S,N2,P,C,Si，H)1、氧化性：F2+H2=2HF(阴暗处爆炸)F2+Xe(过量)=XeF22F2(过量)+Xe=XeF4(XeF4是强氧化剂，能将Mn2+氧化为MnO4)nF2+2M=2MFn(M表示大部分金属)2F2+2H2O=4HF+O2(水是还原剂)2F2+2NaOH=2NaF+OF2+H2OF2+2NaCl=2NaF+Cl2F2+2NaBr=2NaF+Br2F2+2NaI=2NaF+I27F2(过量)+I2=2IF7F2+Cl2(等体积)=2ClF(ClF属于类卤素：ClF+H2O=HF+HClO)3F2(过量)+Cl2=
2、2ClF3(ClF3+3H2O=3HF+HClO3)Cl2+H22HCl(将H2在Cl2点燃;混合点燃、加热、光照发生爆炸)3Cl2+2P2PCl3Cl2+PCl3PCl5Cl2+2Na2NaCl3Cl2+2Fe2FeCl3Cl2+CuCuCl2Cl2+2FeCl2=2FeCl3(在水溶液中：Cl2+2Fe2+=2Fe3+3Cl)Cl2+2NaBr=2NaCl+Br2Cl2+2Br=2Cl+Br2Cl2+2KI=2KCl+I2Cl2+2I=2Cl+I23Cl2(过量)+2KI+3H2O=6HCl+KIO33Cl2+I+3H2O=6H+6Cl+IO35Cl2+I2+6H2O=2HIO3+10HC
3、l5Cl2+I2+6H2O=10Cl+IO3+12H+Cl2+Na2S=2NaCl+SCl2+S2=2Cl+SCl2+H2S=2HCl+S(水溶液中：Cl2+H2S=2H+2Cl+SCl2+SO2+2H2O=H2SO4+2HClCl2+SO2+2H2O=4H+SO42+2ClCl2+H2O2=2HCl+O2Cl2+H2O2=2H+Cl+O22O2+3FeFe3O4O2+K=KO2S+H2H2S2S+CCS2S+ZnZnSS+FeFeS(既能由单质制取，又能由离子制取)S+2CuCu2S(只能由单质制取，不能由离子制取)3S+2AlAl2S3(只能由单质制取，不能由离子制取)N2+3H22NH3
4、N2+3MgMg3N2N2+3CaCa3N2N2+3BaBa3N2N2+6Na2Na3NN2+6K2K3NN2+6Rb2Rb3NN2+2Al2AlNP4+6H24PH3P+3NaNa3P2P+3ZnZn3P2H2+2Li2LiH2、还原性S+O2SO2S+H2SO4(浓)3SO2+2H2OS+6HNO3(浓)H2SO4+6NO2+2H2OS+4H+6=6NO2+2H2O+3S+4HNO3(稀)3SO2+4NO+2H2O3S+4H+43SO2+4NO+2H2ON2+O22NO4P+5O2P4O10(常写成P2O5)2P+3X22PX3(X表示F2，Cl2，Br2)PX3+X2PX5P4+20HNO3(浓)4H3PO4+20NO2+4H2OC+2F2CF4C+2Cl2CCl4C+O2(足量)CO22C+O2(少量)2COC+CO22COC+H2OCO+H2(生成水煤气)2C+SiO2Si+2C