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1、 8B Unit 3 Electricity这个工作可让学生分组负责收集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一换。要求学生抽空抄录并且阅读成诵。其目的在于扩大学生的知识面,引导学生关注社会,热爱生活,所以内容要尽量广泛一些,可以分为人生、价值、理想、学习、成长、责任、友谊、爱心、探索、环保等多方面。如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以积累40多则材料。如果学生的脑海里有了众多的鲜活生动的材料,写起文章来还用乱翻参考书吗? P31我国古代的读书人,从上学之日起,就日诵不辍,一般在几年内就能识记几千个汉字,熟记几百篇文章,写出的诗文也是字斟句酌,琅琅上口,成为满腹经纶的文人。为什么在现代化教学的今天,我们念了十几年
2、书的高中毕业生甚至大学生,竟提起作文就头疼,写不出像样的文章呢?吕叔湘先生早在1978年就尖锐地提出:“中小学语文教学效果差,中学语文毕业生语文水平低,十几年上课总时数是9160课时,语文是2749课时,恰好是30%,十年的时间,二千七百多课时,用来学本国语文,却是大多数不过关,岂非咄咄怪事!”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。特别是写议论文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的“三要素”是论点、论据、论证,也通晓议论文的基本结构:提出问题分析问题解决问题,但真正动起笔来就犯难了。知道“是这样”,就是讲不出“为什么”。根本原因还是无“米”下“锅”。于是便翻开作文集锦之类的书大段抄起来,抄人家的名言
3、警句,抄人家的事例,不参考作文书就很难写出像样的文章。所以,词汇贫乏、内容空洞、千篇一律便成了中学生作文的通病。要解决这个问题,不能单在布局谋篇等写作技方面下功夫,必须认识到“死记硬背”的重要性,让学生积累足够的“米”。 1. energy n. 能量;活力;精力energetic a. 精力充沛的与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问示侄孙伯安诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体
4、会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。 e.g. He is full of energy. =He is energetic.2. electricity n. 电electric a. 电的；用电的electrical 关于电的electronic a. 电子的-electrician n. 电工；电器技师e.g. Electricity is very important to us. 电对我们很重要。每一件电器名称都用electric，如：electric lights 电灯/ fan
5、s 风扇/ kettles 水壶/ rice cookers 电饭煲/ iron.电熨斗电器设备总称：electrical appliances =electrical machines e.g. There are many electrical appliances in my home.带电子的用electronic: an electronic watch an electronic dictionary 电子词典/ calculatorP321. change into=turnintov. 把变成. - changeable a. -exchange v. 交换2. differe
6、nt kinds of energy n. 不同种类的能量 -difference(s) n.-be different from3. kind n. 种类=sort =type a. 友善的；仁慈的 be kind to sb.=be friendly to sb.（宾格）4. heat energy n. 热能 moving energy n. 动能5. move v. 移动；搬动；使感动-moved a. 被感动的-moving a. 感人的 e.g. The film was so moving that we were moved. 这部电影如此感人，我们都被感动了。6. light
7、 energy n. 光能 light n. 光 ; a. 轻的；淡的7. sound energy n. 声能 sound n. 声音； voice n. 说话声；嗓音；语态 noise n. 噪音8. look foolish a. 看起来傻 （look后没有介词，后跟形容词。look后有介词，后跟副词）9. foolish a. =stupid =silly 愚蠢的 -fool v. 欺骗；愚弄 n. 傻子 April Fools Day 愚人节 e.g. Dont fool me. Im not a fool. I wont be fooled. 不要骗我。我不是傻子。我不会被骗的。
8、Its foolish of you to trust him. 你信任他是愚蠢的。10. serve v. 服务；提供service(s) n.服务servant n. 仆人；佣人 n. serve people /the customers 为人民/顾客服务 good services 优质的服务11. someone who does housework for others n. 某一个为别人做家务的人=servant 12. danger n. 危险-dangerous a. more dangerousmost dangerous e.g. Trees are in great d
9、anger. 树木正处于极大的危险中。 be out of danger 脱离危险P331. on a cold evening ; on the morning/ afternoon /evening of在怎么样的早/ 中/ 晚2. buy a card for me =buy me a card buyboughtbought sellsoldsold 卖3. a packet of sweets n. 一包糖 4. someone pron. 某人；有人-anyone 任何人no one 没有人 Somebody pron. 某人；有人-anybody任何人-nobody没有人5. s
10、omeone else 其他人6. something pron. 某物；某事-anything 任何东西-nothing 无；没什么 nothing =not anything7. 不定代词something；anything；nothing；放在形容词前面 e.g. I have something important to tell you. 我有件重要的事要告诉你。Are there anything living on the moon? 月球上有活的东西吗？There is nothing interesting in todays newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的
11、事。8. do nothing =dont do anything e.g. They found nothing in the cave. =They didnt find anything in the vave. 他们在山洞里没有找到任何东西。9. get (=buy) me a packet of batteries =get a packet of batteries for me 给我买包电池10. please v.请；使高兴-pleased a.高兴的-pleasant a.愉快的；令人高兴的-pleasure n.令人高兴的事 e.g. Pleased to meet you
12、. Im pleased with you. 我对你很满意。 The trip was pleasant. Its a pleasure to talk with you. 跟你谈话是件高兴的事。11. go out v. 外出；熄灭 gowent -gone12. laugh v. 笑；嘲笑-laughter n. 笑声；笑 laugh at others 嘲笑别人 be full of laughter 充满笑声13. trick v. 哄骗；欺骗 n. 诡计；把戏；恶作剧 do magic tricks. 玩/ 变魔术 play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人14. at las
13、t =finally =in the end adv. 最后15. She doesnt even know what electricity is. 她甚至不知道什么是电。（从句用陈述的语序）16. buy electricity in packets 买袋装的电 like 喜欢；像unlike 不像17. Do you know what electricity is? 你知道电是什么吗？（从句用陈述的语序）18. Our physics teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound. (一般情况下主句和从句的时态要统一，但从
14、句若表示自然现象、科学真理时，永远用一般现在时。)19. flow through a wire v. 通过电线流动-flowed-flowed20. A meter measures the amount you use. 计量表测（量）出你所用的量。21. get a bill monthly adv.= every month 每月收到一张账单 monthly a. 每月的 monthly meeting 月会22. in a way =partly 在某种程度上；从某种意义上来说23. explain v. 解释；说明;讲解-explanation n. explain to sb.
15、e.g. Dont explain it to me. I dont want to listen to your explanation. 24. bad a. 坏的；严重的(ill/ badly/ bad) -worseworst a bad cold 严重的感冒25. although/ though conj. 尽管；虽然 （不能与but连用, 但经常跟still, yet 连用。 e.g. Although he was so tired, he still went on working.26. much+比较级 =far+比较级：什么什么得多 e.g. much taller 高
16、得多；高很多27. Electricity is much more dangerous than water. 电比水危险得多。28. 替代词one和ones的用法： one只能代替单数名词(可数名词)。 e.g. I dont like this cup. I like the blue one. ones替代复数名词。 e.g. Do you want the red apples or the green ones?29. must aux. 应该；必须；一定 mustnt 不准；不能30. must be 一定是cant be 不可能是31. be careful with sth.
17、 当心/ 小心某物-careless a. 粗心的 -carefulness n. 细心 be careful with the chemical/ vase 小心这个化学品/ 花瓶32. Can you tell me what it looks like? （从句用陈述的语序）你能告诉我它是什么样的吗？33. 问长相和面貌的句子：e.g. What does Betty look like?/ What is Betty like?/ How does Betty look?34. scratch his head v. 挠挠他的头35. I have never been to Amer
18、ica. (改为一般疑问句) ：Have you ever been to America?36. invisible a. ：cannot be seen看不见的；隐形的-visible a. 看得见的；明显地37. different forms of energy 不同形式的能量38. different forms of energy that we can see, hear or feel 我们能看得见、听得到或摸得着的不同能量形式39. hear v.heardheard 听见；听到 feel v.feltfelt 感觉40. think of an example 想出一个例子
19、 think of 想起；想到；想出thought-thought41. a light bulb 一个灯泡42. Thats right. 那是对的；说对了 Thats all right. 没关系43. Do you know where electricity comes from? 你知道电是从哪里来的吗？（从句用陈述的语序）44. come into our flat =enter our flat 进入我们的公寓-entrance n. 入口45. through thin wires 通过细的电线 thin a. 细的；瘦的；薄的thinner-thinnest46. be co
20、nnected to thick wires 被连接到粗的电线；和粗电线相连 connect =join连接47. bury v. 埋葬-buried-buried48. call the thick wires cables 把这些粗电线称为电缆49. a power station n.发电站 power n. 力量；权利-powerful a.强大的；有效的 e.g. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。50. come back v.= return 回来51. ask politely 有礼貌地问 polite a. 礼貌的；客气的-impolite a. 不礼貌的
21、52. grin n. ：a big smile on the face露齿而笑 v. 咧嘴笑；露齿笑grinning grinned-grinned53. There was a grin on his face. 他的脸上露齿一笑。54. battery n. batteries pl. 电池55. contain v. 包含；含有；容纳 -container n. 容器56. many chemicals 许多化学物质/ 化学品 a. 化学的-chemistry n. 化学-chemist n. 药剂师57. produce electricity 产生电 produce v. 产生；生
22、产-product(s) n. 产品58. Didnt you know that? 你难道不知道吗？59. now =at the moment =at present= for the time being 现在；此刻；目前；眼下P34351. a piece of paper 一张纸 two pieces of paper 2. a sharp knife 一把尖刀 knife n.-knives pl. 3. the amount of money we need 我们需要的钱的数量4. Betty is hardworking. =Betty works hard. 贝蒂学习很努力。
23、5. a shop assistant 营业员6. measure the room accurately 准确测量这个房间7. receive a brochure 得到一本手册 receive =get8. a travel agency 一家旅行社 agent 经纪人9.diagram n. 示意图；图表；图示10. show sth. to sb. =show sb. sth. 把某物拿给某人看 showshowed-shown11. get to Bennys flat =arrive at Bennys flat =reach Bennys flat 到达Benny的公寓12. g
24、et to Shanghai =arrive in Shanghai =reach Shanghai 到达上海13. get home/ here =arrive home /here =reach home/ here 到家/ 那儿14.an evidence n. 一个证据 support v. 支持 15. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 -tried-tried 16. try ones best to do sth. =do ones best to do sth. 尽某人最大的努力做某事17. successful a. 成功的-successfully adv.succ
25、ess n.-succeed v. succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事P361. can=be able to 能；会；可以could 2. speak more languages 讲更多种语言-spokespoken (讲某种语言用speak) say it +in +语言 e.g. say it in French 用法语讲3. play chess v. 下棋 4. drive a car v. 开车-drove-driven5. swim v. -swam-swum 游泳6. play the guitar 弹吉他7. ski v. 滑雪 go skiing 去
26、滑雪8. type v. 打字typist n. 打字员-typewriter n. 打字机9. ride a bicycle v. 骑车 =cycle v. ride-roderidden P371. must 应该；必须；一定 mustnt 不准；不能2. tell people what to do =tell people what they should do 告诉他们该做什么3. tell people what not to do =tell people what they should not do 告诉他们不该做什么4. be careful with electricit
27、y 当心电5. turn it on 把它打开-turn it off 把它关掉6. turn up the radio 把收音机调响-turn down the radio 把收音机调轻7. switch on 打开-switch off 关掉 （用于电器的“开”和“关”） e.g. switch on the TV/ light 8. turn left 向左转 9. You mustnt smoke. =Dont smoke. =No smoking. =Smoking is not allowed. =You are not allowed to smoke. 不准抽烟10. admi
28、ssion n. 入场费 -admit v. admit doing sth. 承认做某事11. silence n. 安静！ keep silent=keep quiet=be quiet 保持安静12. enter v.=come/ go into 进入-entrance n. 入口P38391. may 可以；可能-might 2. ask for permission 请求许可-permit v. 允许 permit sb. to do sth. 3. for the same reason 因为相同的理由/ 原因 for this reason 因为这个理由/ 原因 4. for t
29、wo reasons 因为两个理由5. borrow v. 借（进） borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物6. lend sth. to sb. =lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 lend-lentlent7. notice sb. do/ doing sth. 注意到某人做某事P40411. do some shopping/ cooking/ reading cleaning2. best fighters against pollution 对抗污染的最好斗士3. I wonder =I want to know 我想知道4. communicate wit
30、h one another 互相交流-communication n.5. go off v. 响起；消失；离开6. The electricity goes off. 断电7. an electrician 一个电工8. deal with the problem 处理这个问题-dealt-dealt9. how to deal with=what to do with 怎样处理10. find out v. 找出；查明；弄清-found-found11. kettle n. 茶壶 12. a vacuum cleaner n. 吸尘器14. an air conditioner n. 一台
31、空调-air-conditioned a. 有空调的15. a washing machine 一台洗衣机16. a rice cooker 一个电饭煲17. a fridge n. 一个冰箱18. an iron n. 一个熨斗P42431. in an hour 一小时后 （划线用how soon提问）2. all over the world =throughout the world the whole world =around the world 全世界3. have a look at sth. =take a look at sth. 看一看某物4. think about s
32、th./ doing sth. 考虑做某事 thought-thought5. safety first 安全第一6. safety n. 安全save v. 节约；拯救safe a. 安全的safely adv. 7. give the puppy a bath 给小狗洗个澡8. lock the door 锁上门9. look through the peephole 透过猫眼看 peephole n. 窥视孔；猫眼P44451. make rules v. 制定规则 keep the rules 遵守规则 break the rules 违反规则2. encourage sb. to d
33、o sth. v. 鼓励某人做某事3. behave v. 表现；举止；-behavior n.4. stop sb. from doing =keep/ prevent sb. from doing v. 阻止某人做某事5. the manager of an office/ a factory n. 一个办公室/ 工厂的经理6. manage to do sth. v. 设法做某事7. come into the office =enter the office v. 进入办公室8. his staff n. 他的全体职员 staff是一个复数名词+ are/ do9. find sb.
34、doing 发现某人在做某事=see sb. doing =notice sb. doing 注意到某人在做某事10. answer the phone 听电话 answer the door 应门11. read comics v. 看连环漫画 readreadread12. lean out of sp. v. 把身子探出某个地方13. immediately adv. =right now =right away =at once 立刻；马上14. customer n. 顾客15. proper a. 适当的；正当的 -properly adv.16. ask sb. (not) to
35、 do sth. 请某人（不要）做某事17. a uniform 一套制服 corridor n. 走廊；通道P461. almost adv. 几乎；差不多 =nearly almost后可以跟否定； nearly后不可以跟否定2. almost not =hardly adv. 几乎不3. almost none =hardly any 几乎没有4. almost never =hardly ever 几乎从不5. other a. 别的 后+（名词）复数； others n. 别人；别的 后不可以+名词the others n. =the rest 其余的 后不可以+名词 the oth
36、er n. 另一个; a. 另一个后+（名词）单/复another a. 再一个；另一个；又一个 后+（名词）单/复6. onethe other一个另一个（用于两者）7. in my/ his /her other hand 在我 /他/ 她 的另一个手上8. someothers.有的有的；一些，一些9. somethe others.一些其余的10. one after another 一个接一个 =one by one11. oneanotherthe third一个另一个第三个12. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事13. make all kinds of good
37、s 制造各种各样的商品14. entertainment n. 娱乐；消遣15. wonder(s) n. 奇迹 v. 想知道= want to know wonder-wonderful adj.精彩的；奇妙的16. in villages 在村庄里 17. on farms 在农场里18. milk the cow 挤牛奶19. chop their food 劈，砍，剁他们的食物20. indeed a. 的确；实际上21. cook v. 烹调；煮；做菜 n. 厨师-cooker n. 炊具；炉灶22. light v. 照亮；点燃-lit-litP481. half a. /n. 一
38、半的；一半 two halves 两半2. muscle(s) n. 肌肉3. use a fridge to keep food fresh 用冰箱保鲜食品 =use a fridge for keeping food fresh4. make our life more convenient 使我们的生活更方便5. get on the bus 上车-get off the bus 下车6. need to do stn. 需要做某事7. enjoy listening to music 喜欢听音乐8. a good way to relax= a good way of relaxing 一个放松的好方法9. relax v. 放松-relaxed a. -relaxing a.-relaxation n.第 4 页