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1、20182019 学年上学期高三英语期中考试卷“师”之概念，大体是从先秦时期的“师长、师傅、先生”而来。其中“师傅”更早则意指春秋时国君的老师。说文解字中有注曰：“师教人以道者之称也”。“师”之含义，现在泛指从事教育工作或是传授知识技术也或是某方面有特长值得学习者。“老师”的原意并非由“老”而形容“师”。“老”在旧语义中也是一种尊称，隐喻年长且学识渊博者。“老”“师”连用最初见于史记，有“荀卿最为老师”之说法。慢慢“老师”之说也不再有年龄的限制，老少皆可适用。只是司马迁笔下的“老师”当然不是今日意义上的“教师”，其只是“老”和“师”的复合构词，所表达的含义多指对知识渊博者的一种尊称，虽能从其身
2、上学以“道”，但其不一定是知识的传播者。今天看来，“教师”的必要条件不光是拥有知识，更重于传播知识。 第卷宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等。 第一节（共 5 小题；
3、每小题 1.5 分，满分 7. 5 分）宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等。 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选
4、项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.What time is it now?A. 9:10B. 9:50C. 10:002.What does the woman think of the weather?A. Its niceB. Its warmC. Its cold 3.What will the man do?A. Attend a meetingB. Give a lectureC. Leave hi
5、s office 4.What is the womans opinion about the course?A. Too hardB. Worth takingC. Very easy5. What does the woman want the man to do ?A. Speak louder.B. Apologize to her.C. Turn off the radio.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。毎段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你
6、将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. How long did Michael stay in China?A. Five days.B. One week.C.Two weeks.7. Where did Michael go last year?A. Russia.B. Norway.C. India.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题8. What food does Sally like?A.Cook dinner.B.Fish.C.Eggs. 9.What are the
7、speakers going to do?A.Cook dinner.B.Go shopping.C.Order dishes.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题.10.Where are the speakers?A.In a hospital.B.In the office.C.At home. 11.When is the report due ?A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.Next Monday. 12.What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report?A.Improve it.B.Hand it in
8、 later.C.Leave it with him.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Salesperson and customer.B.Homeowner and cleaner.C.Husband and wife.第 8 页14. What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer?A.One with two bedrooms.B.One without furniture.C.One near a marke
9、t. 15.How much rent should one pay for the one-bedroom apartment?A.350B. 400C. 41516. Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see?A.On Lake StreetB.On MarketC.On South Street.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. What percentage of the worlds tea exports go to Britain?A.Almost 15%B.About 30%C.Over 4
10、0% 18.Why do tea taster taste tea with milk?A. Most British people drink tea that way.B. Tea tastes much better with milk.C. Tea with milk is healthy.19. Who suggests a price for each tea?A.Tea tastersB.Tea exporters.C.Tea companies. 20.What is the speaker talking about?A.The life of tea tasters.B.A
11、fternoon tea in Britain.C.The London Tea Trade Centre.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）ALima，the capital of Peru （秘鲁）,has countless museums that tourists cant afford to missNow start packing up and prepare for your perfect Peruvian history exploration at these wonderful museums Larc
12、o MuseumStepping inside, visitors get to learn the 5000-year history of Peru through an unbelievable collection of objects The best thing about the museum is that it keeps the door to the Storeroom open to visitors so that they can admire its collection closely Gold Museum of PeruIf you like shiny o
13、bjects or precious metals，then plan a trip to Gold Museum of Peru，In ancient times，the Peruvian people were celebrated for their skills with metals And the museum is aimed at preserving this heritage Lima Art MuseumArt experts are much pleased as the city is also home to Lima Art Museum.Its permanen
14、t exhibit of over 1，200 pieces is merely a small part of its amazing collection more than 17，000 artifactsThe highlight of the museum is its collection of Carlos Baca-Flor masterpieces，which is considered to be the most complete set in the world Museum of Italian ArtThe only museum dedicated to Euro
15、pean art in Peru，Museum of Italian Art is a storehouse of classical and contemporary paintings and sculptures belonging to the 20th centuryThe property is easily accessible by a short walk from Lima Art Museum Museum of Natural HistoryLast but certainly not the least is the Museum of Natural History
16、Giving a glimpse into the rich biodiversity in Peru，the museum has on display the skeletons of a sperm whale and fossils of several mammals21. In which museum can visitors enter the Storeroom？ A. Lima Art Museum B. Gold Museum of Peru C. Larco Museum D. Museum of Natural History22. What makes Gold M
17、useum of Peru different from other museums？ A. Its exhibit of diversities of animals B. Its large collection of objectsC. Its classical paintings and sculptures D. Its display of Peruvian skills with metals23. Which museum is the closest to Lima Art Museum？ A. Museum of Italian Art B. Museum of Natu
18、ral History C. Larco Museum D. Gold Museum of PeruBSam Trafton was my violin teacher and what he said during one of my lessons often came back to my ears later. One day he asked me how much practice I was doing, I said three or four hours a day. “Do you practice in long stretches, an hour at a time?
19、”“ I try to.”“ Well, dont,” he shouted. “When you grow up, time wont come in long stretches. Practice in minutes, whenever you can find them, five or ten before school, after lunch, between household tasks. Spread the practice through the day, and the violin playing will become a part of your life.”
20、 When I was teaching at Boston, I wanted to write a novel, but class periods, theme-reading, and committee meetings filled my days and evenings. For two years I got practically nothing down on paper, and my excuse was that I had no time. Then I remembered what Sam had said. During the next week I co
21、nducted an experiment. Whenever I had five minutes unoccupied, I sat down and wrote a hundred words or so. To my surprise, at the end of the week I had finished a chapter. Later on I continued my novels by the same piecemeal method. Though my teaching schedulehad become heavier than ever, every day
22、there were unoccupied moments that could be caught and put to use. I even took up violin-playing again, finding that the short moments of the day provided sufficient time for both writing and violin practice.There is an important trick in this time: you must get into your work quickly. If you have o
23、nly five minutes for writing, you cant afford to waste for chewing your pencil. You must make your mental preparations beforehand, and concentrate on your task almost instantly when the time comes. Fortunately, rapid concentration is easier than most of us realize.I admit I have never learnt how to
24、let it go easily at the end of the five or ten minutes. But life can be counted on to supply interruptions. Sam Trafton has had a great influence on my life. To him I discovery that even very short periods of time add up to all useful hours I need, if I plunge(投入) in without delay.24. What is the su
25、ggestion of the writers violin teacher?A. Practice violin as much as possible to be skillful.B. Play the violin for three or four hours a day.C. Try to make good use of every free moment.D. Practice in long stretches, an hour at a time.25. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Sam owes great
26、thanks to the writer for teaching him how to use time.B. Sam has had a great influence on the writers life as a violinist.C. Rapid concentration is actually more difficult than most people imagine.D. The writer didnt take the teachers words to heart at first.26. We can infer that the writer .A. has
27、new books published each year however busy his teaching isB. can find time for mental preparations beforehand, so he is devoted to work instantly.C. has formed a bad habit of chewing a pencil while writing his novels.D. is always tired of interruptions in life because his teaching schedule is always
28、 heavy27. What is the best title for this passage?A. A Little time at a Time.B. How I Became a WriterC. Concentrate on Your WorkD. A Good TeacherCNew research shows that people with blue eyes have a single, common ancestor. A team at the University of Copenhagen have tracked down a genetic mutation
29、(突变) which took place 6,000-10,000 years ago and is the cause of the eye colour of all blue-eyed humans alive on the planet today.Originally, we all had brown eyes, said Professor Hans Eiberg. But a genetic mutation affecting the OCA2 gene (基因) in our body resulted in the creation of a switch, which
30、 literally turned off the ability to produce brown eyes. The OCA2 gene codes for the so-called P protein, which is involved in the production of melanin (黑色素). It gives colour to our hair, eyes and skin.The switch, which is located in the gene neighboring to OCA2, does not, however, turn off the gen
31、e entirely, but rather limits its action to reducing the production of melanin in the eyeballeffectively turning brown eyes to blue. The effect of the switch on OCA2 is very specific therefore. If the OCA2 gene had been completely destroyed or turned off, human beings would be without melanin in the
32、ir hair, eyes or skin colour.Variation in the colour of the eyes from brown to green can all be explained by the amount of melanin in the eyeball, but blue-eyed individuals only have a small degree of variation in the amount of melanin in their eyes. From this we can conclude that all blue-eyed indi
33、viduals are linked to the same ancestor, says Professor Eiberg. They have all inherited (继承) the same switch at exactly the same spot in their DNA. Brown-eyed individuals, by contrast, have considerable individual variation in the area of their DNA that controls melanin production.The mutation of br
34、own eyes to blue represents neither a positive nor a negative mutation. It is one of several mutations such as hair colour, baldness, and beauty spots, which neither increases nor reduces a humans chance of survival. As Professor Eiberg says, it simply shows that nature is constantly affecting the h
35、uman gene and trying out different changes as it does so.28. What is the finding of Professor Hans Eibergs team?A. The eye color can be changed by adjusting genes today.B. Blue-eyed people have survived due to their special genes.C. A genetic mutation leads to the change of peoples eye color.D. The
36、eye color can help discover where peoples ancestors were.29. What can we learn about the switch from Paragraph 3 ?A. It helps produce less melanin.B. It produces melanin directly.C. It can be limited by other genes.D. It helps OCA2 function in our body.30. Why can we conclude all blue-eyed individua
37、ls are linked to the same ancestor?A. They have almost the same gene.B. They have a small degree of variation.C. They have more melanin in their eyes.D. They have more variation in gene.31. What does the last paragraph want to tell us?A. Nature affects our genes.B. Only the fittest can survive.C. We
38、 are decided by our genes.D. Some genetic mutations are pointless.DA good memory is an important advantage and it is something that can be developed right from childhood. Playing memory games on a regular basis offers a wide range of benefits to kids. Even children who have learning disabilities are
39、 able to retain information for longer thanks to playing these memory games.One of the most important advantages coming from playing memory and mathematical games from a young age is that they help develop the brain. In fact, this is a great way to give exercise to the brain. Scientists have also ob
40、served a remarkable increase in cognitive（认知的） skills as a result of playing these games. Other advantagesinclude increase in short-term memory and improved ability to concentrate on tasks at hand. One of the biggest obstacles of learning is an inability to focus on ones work and to pay the necessar
41、y attention to important subjects. Apart from all the advantages listed above, memory games also make learning fun and ensure that kids have a positive approach towards learning and acquire a number of skills that will help them for a long time to come. This is of great importance because it helps k
42、ids persevere with their education as they grow older and difficulty levels of studying increase.Kids these days spend a great deal time playing video games and are quick to start playing educational games as well. Interestingly, many parents are happy to let them switch from playing video games to
43、memory games on a computer or mobile device.There are many different types of memory games that one could choose for ones kids. However, one should only ever give age-appropriate puzzles and mathematical games to kids or else their motivation levels to participate in them will drop over time. In sho
44、rt, a child who has been exposed to proper memory games from a very young age is more likely to do well in life.32. The underlined word “retain” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to “ ”.A. readB. hearC. keepD. change33. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of memory games?A. Making
45、 children interested in learningB. Treating childrens learning disabilities.C. Helping children concentrate on their studyD. Developing childrens brains 34The motivation of children will drop if .A. they play memory games that arent suitable for themB. there arent many interesting games availableC.
46、the memory games are only designed for every little kidD. they are required to spend more time in studying35. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The history of memory games.B. The development of memory gamesC. The popularity of memory games.D. The benefits of memory games第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满
47、分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ForgivenessTo forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and
48、 mental health. People who forgive show less sadness，anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research. 36 . Try the following steps：Calm yourself. 37 . You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure : a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.Dont wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may havewanted to hurt you or they just dont see things the same way. 38. Keep