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1、第10课时八年级(上)Unit 4其实,任何一门学科都离不开死记硬背,关键是记忆有技巧,“死记”之后会“活用”。不记住那些基础知识,怎么会向高层次进军?尤其是语文学科涉猎的范围很广,要真正提高学生的写作水平,单靠分析文章的写作技巧是远远不够的,必须从基础知识抓起,每天挤一点时间让学生“死记”名篇佳句、名言警句,以及丰富的词语、新颖的材料等。这样,就会在有限的时间、空间里给学生的脑海里注入无限的内容。日积月累,积少成多,从而收到水滴石穿,绳锯木断的功效。 一、单项选择“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼，从最初的门馆、私塾到晚清的学堂，“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人景仰甚或敬畏的
2、一种社会职业。只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教书，最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。孟子中的“先生何为出此言也？”；论语中的“有酒食，先生馔”；国策中的“先生坐，何至于此？”等等，均指“先生”为父兄或有学问、有德行的长辈。其实国策中本身就有“先生长者，有德之称”的说法。可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意，倒是与当今“先生”的称呼更接近。看来，“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和尊称，并非具学问者的专称。称“老师”为“先生”的记载，首见于礼记?曲礼，有“从于先生，不越礼而与人言”，其中之“先生”意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”，与教师、老师之意基本一致。1.(2018河北)This d
3、og looks. Its wearing red shoes.这个工作可让学生分组负责收集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一换。要求学生抽空抄录并且阅读成诵。其目的在于扩大学生的知识面,引导学生关注社会,热爱生活,所以内容要尽量广泛一些,可以分为人生、价值、理想、学习、成长、责任、友谊、爱心、探索、环保等多方面。如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以积累40多则材料。如果学生的脑海里有了众多的鲜活生动的材料,写起文章来还用乱翻参考书吗? A.cleverB.braveC.funnyD.careful2.(2018福建)Blue whales are. We should try to protect the
4、m.A.in timeB.in publicC.in danger3.(2018吉林长春)Hi, Jane!Ill go to Shijiazhuang next month.Great!The glass bridge there is than any other one in the world.A.longB.longerC.longestD.the longest4.(2018河南郑州外国语中学一模)To my pleasure, my family always stands my side whatever I decide to do. A.aboveB.byC.fromD.t
5、hrough5.(2018河南实验中学二模)Staying with families and friends in our free time is one of things.A.the happiestB.happierC.the happyD.happiest6.(2018河南中原名校中考第二次大联考)Documentaries like March of the Penguins provides plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whose7.(2
6、019云南昆明)All the students in our class are over fifteen except Nick. He isin our class. A.youngerB.olderC.the youngestD.the oldest8.(2019吉林长春)Nothing is than keeping trying if you want to achieve your dream.A.very importantB.more importantC.the most importantD.as important as9.She always does her hom
7、ework than her brother.A.more carefulB.more carefullyC.careful D.carefully10.Hiking iscamping.I like both of them.A.not as interesting asB.more dangerous thanC.as interesting asD.as dangerous as11.Tu Youyou is one ofpersons in China. A.more famousB.the most famousC.as famous asD.famous12.Of the thre
8、e cinemas, you can buy movie ticketsat Town Cinema.A.more quicklyB.most quicklyC.quickerD.quickly13.(原创)Do you know China is one of the oldest countries in the world?Yes,I do.Its than the US.A.much olderB.more olderC.much elderD.more elder14.(原创)do you think is the best performer?Mary,of course.A.Wh
9、oB.WhenC.WhatD.How15.Remember,careful you are,mistakes youll make.A.the more;the fewerB.the more;the lessC.the more;the moreD.the less;the fewer二、完形填空(2018河南洛阳二模)A mother and a baby camel were lying under a tree.The baby camel asked,“Mom, may I ask you some 1?”“Sure! My son, is there anything 2 you?
10、”“3 do camels have humps(驼峰)?”the baby camel asked.The mother camel considered this and said,“Well, son. We are desert animals. We need the humps to 4 water so we can live with very little water.”The baby camel thought 5 a moment and then said, “Okay, then why are our legs long and our feet round?”T
11、he mother camel replied,“Son, they are for walking in the desert. You know with these legs we can move around the desert 6 than anyone does!”The baby camel asked, “Why are our eyelashes(睫毛) long? 7 they get in my way.”The mother camel with 8 said,“Those long thick eyelashes can protect your eyes fro
12、m the desert sand 9 it blows in the wind.”The baby camel 10 and then he said, “I see. So the humps are to store water in the desert, the legs are for walking in the desert and these long eyelashes protect my eyes from the desert sand. Then why are we in the zoo?”1.A.problemsB.questionsC.puzzlesD.ans
13、wers2.A.caringB.movingC.helpingD.troubling3.A.WhyB.HowC.WhatD.Where4.A.pourB.storeC.wasteD.lift5.A.inB.atC.forD.with6.A.lowerB.betterC.worseD.slower7.A.NeverB.HardlyC.SeldomD.Sometimes8.A.careB.prideC.angerD.pleasure9.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.unless10.A.missedB.wishedC.askedD.thought三、阅读理解(2019河南平顶山一模
14、)Sun Jiadong,a great scientist,was born in Fuxian,Liaoning Province in 1929.He is one of the top ten characters in Touching China in 2019.He is a Chinese scientist and an expert in the carrier rocket and satellite technology.He has long served as a leader of Chinese satellite projects,and is current
15、ly the chief designer for the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program.Sun went to college in Harbin to begin preparatory courses in Russian when he was 18. Later he was chosen to join the army as a Russian translator.In 1951,Sun and 29 other soldiers were sent to study aircraft engines at Zhukovsky Air Fo
16、rce Academy in Russia.In 1958,Sun graduated with the highest honor and returned to China.In 1967,he was appointed by Qian Xuesen to form a group for satellite research.On April 24,1970,the first Chinese space satellite, Dongfanghong , was successfully launched.On March 3,1971 the satellite “Shi Jian
17、 ”was launched.In 1975, Chinas first returning satellite was successfully launched.In 1984,Chinas first experimental communication satellite,Dongfanghong , was launched.On November 5, 2019,when Chinas first lunar probe(月球探测器),Change,succeeded in orbiting the moon, the workers cheered and celebrated
18、their success.But Sun went to a quiet corner and tears came out.The success of Change under his leadership had once again proved Chinas capacity(能力)for space exploration.He uses his own life as an example of what a person should do for his country and people.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1.Sun Jiadongs research fiel
19、d is in the.A.skyB.outer spaceC.moonD.sea2.When Sun Jiadong was,he went to study in Russia.A.18B.19C.21D.223.Sun Jiadong is one of the top ten characters in Touching China in 2019 because.A.he is both a leader and a scientistB.he has designed lots of planesC.he plays an important role in designing s
20、atellitesD.he knows Qian Xuesen well4.When Sun Jiadong was 41,was successfully launched.A.the first Chinese apace satellite,Dongfanghong B.the satellite“Shi Jian ”C.Chinas first returning satelliteD.Chinas first experimental communication satellite, Dongfanghong 四、任务型阅读(2018河南平顶山一模)Once the United S
21、tates was a colony of Great Britain.People used their resources to get what they needed.1.They couldnt grow,hunt or make everything they needed,so they bartered(物物交换)for goods they didnt have.Because Americans lived far from each other,people usually bought goods from peddlers who had a cart filled
22、with goods that couldnt be easily made or grown.2.Later,as communities grew larger,someone opened a general store.3.America had great land resources.Farmers used these resources to grow tobacco and cotton that they sold to England.4.5.The colonies(殖民地)fought a war with England.They formed their own
23、country:the United States of America.根据材料内容,将AE五个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整、正确。A.This is one way that America began to have a strong economyB.People used land to grow their own food and used animals for meat and transportationC.They might have tools,buttons or even toys that were uncommon for childrenD.Ameri
24、ca later used its resources to break away from Great BritainE.It sold goods that most people couldnt make at home1.2.3.4.5.五、词语运用(2018河南中原名校中考第二次大联考)阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。whatusefulworryalwayswinpartnerhardlyhappydutybewhentheyFor most children,the most useful
25、 way of spending1time is playing a game.It doesnt matter what the game is.Things become better when they need a(n)2to play with.On the one hand,it is quite3for the development of a childs personality(个性)to win and to think of the best ways to get that.On the other hand,if a child only cares about4,t
26、hen for him,playing a game is funny only when he wins.Or if he finds a better partner,he will get5and he doesnt want to go on playing.It is parents6to make their children know that:you cant7win and there are many unpleasant moments in life8you have to learn how to lose.The idea is to compete,to prov
27、e you are good,not only to win.In a word,playing a game9not funny only when you win.It is funny when you enjoy it and try your best to win.If you are just a little bit unlucky,dont 10a lot.You will surely prove your abilities some other day.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.六、补全对话(2019湖南张家界)根据上下文补全对话。A:Excuse me
28、, sir?Where is the nearest bank?B:1.You may ask that policeman over there.A:Thank you all the same.(The man goes to the policeman)Excuse me,2.?C:Yes, there is. Its on Bridge Street.A:3.?C:Its about three kilometers away.A:4.?C:You can take a taxi.A:Thanks a lot!C:5.七、书面表达(2019河南许昌一模)2019年春节期间,宁波雅戈尔动
29、物园(Ningbo Youngor Zoo)发生了一起老虎咬人致死事件,距离北京八达岭动物园的老虎咬人事件仅半年之隔。这次事件再次唤起大家对遵守规则话题的讨论。假如你班本周末的班会要征集发言稿,请写一篇80词左右的短文,陈述你对该事件的看法。答案精解精析第10课时八年级(上)Unit 4一、1.C句意:这只狗看起来很滑稽。它穿着红色的鞋。本题考查形容词词义辨析。clever“聪明的”;brave“勇敢的”;funny“滑稽的”;careful“小心的,仔细的,认真的”。由句意可知本题选择C。方法技巧词义辨析题的选项通常为四个词性和词形相同但词义不同的词,针对这一命题特点可总结词义辨析题的答题技
30、巧为:注重句意的理解,审准题干中的有用信息。如本题第一句话为主系表结构,四个选项均为形容词的原级,所以四个选项在语法上都正确。本题的解题关键是题干的第二句话“Its wearing red shoes.”,由此可知这只狗看起来很滑稽。2.C句意:蓝鲸处于危险中。我们应当努力保护它们。本题考查介词短语辨析。in time“及时”;in public“在公共场合”;in danger“处于危险之中”。由句意中可知,应选C。3.B句意:嗨,简!我下个月要去石家庄。太棒了!那里的玻璃桥比世界上其他任何一座都长。本题考查形容词的比较等级。由“than”可知,要用形容词的比较级,故选B。4.B句意:使我高
31、兴的是,无论我决定做什么,我的家人总是站在我身边支持我。本题考查介词。stand by ones side站在某人一边。根据句意可知答案为B项。5.A句意:在空闲时间和家人朋友待在一起是最快乐的事情之一。本题考查形容词的比较级。one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词的复数形式,表示“最之一”,根据句意可知答案为A项。6.C句意:像帝企鹅日记这样提供大量关于某种学科信息的纪录片可能是令人感兴趣的。本题考查定语从句。由先行词documentaries及关系代词在从句中主语可知答案为C项。7.C8.B9.B10.C11.B12.B13.A14.A15.A二、语篇解读本文是篇记叙文。讲述了小骆驼
32、与骆驼妈妈之间的谈话,特别是小骆驼的问题让人感觉到它聪明好奇的同时也对骆驼有了更深的了解。1.B由下文内容可知小骆驼想问妈妈一些“问题”,故答案为B项。2.Dcare关心;move感动;help帮助;trouble使烦恼。根据句意可知妈妈问小骆驼是不是有烦恼的事情,故答案为D项。3.A句意:小骆驼问妈妈:“为什么骆驼有驼峰呢?”故答案为A项。4.B句意:我们需要驼峰来储存水以至于我们能靠一点儿水存活。pour倾倒;store储存;waste浪费;lift举起。根据句意可知答案为B项。5.Cfor a moment一会儿。根据句意可知是小骆驼想了一会儿,故答案为C项。6.B由句意可知是骆驼妈妈回
33、答小骆驼说:“你知道用这样的腿我们能比其他任何动物绕着沙漠走的更好些。”故答案为B项。7.D考查副词。never从不;hardly几乎不;seldom很少;sometimes有时。根据句意可知是指长睫毛有时会挡路。故答案为D项。8.Bcare关心;pride自豪;anger生气;pleasure高兴。由句意可知是骆驼妈妈自豪地说长而厚的睫毛的作用,故答案为B项。9.Awhen当时候;before在之前;after在之后;unless除非。根据句意可知是当刮风时长睫毛可以阻止沙子刮进眼睛里。故答案为A项。10.Dmiss思念;hope希望;ask问;think想。根据句意可知是指小骆驼想了想然后
34、说,故答案为D项。三、1.B2.D3.C4.A四、语篇解读本文是篇说明文。介绍了美国是怎样摆脱英国的殖民统治而成立自己国家的。让我们重新认识到经济的重要性。1.B推理判断题。由前句内容可知他们使用他们的资源去得到他们需要的东西,故可推断出答案为B项。2.C推理判断题。由前文内容可知人们从商贩那里买不容易制作和种植的物品,故可推断出答案为C项。3.E推理判断题。由前句内容可知随着交流的扩大,有人开了一家杂货店。故可推断出答案为E项。4.A推理判断题。由前句内容可知美国把种植的烟草和棉花卖到英国去。故可推断出答案为A项。5.D推理判断题。由下文内容可知是美国摆脱了英国的殖民统治,与英国进行斗争并成
35、立了自己的国家美国。可推断出答案为D项。五、语篇解读本文是篇说明文。介绍了对于大多数孩子来说,玩电脑游戏时只想赢,而接受不了输的现象,针对这个问题给了父母一些很好的建议。1.their句意:对于大多数孩子来说,度过他们时间的最有用的方式是玩游戏。由设空处的名词time及句意可知应用they的形容词性物主代词形式their。2.partner由下文及设空处后的to play with可知是指需要一个玩的同伴,又根据设空处前的a,可知应为partner。3.useful句意:对于孩子的个性发展来说,赢和思考赢游戏的最好的方法是相当有用的。Its+adj.+for sb. to sth.对某人来说做
36、某事是怎样的。根据句式结构及句意可知应为形容词useful。4.winning句意:另一方面,如果一个孩子只关心赢的话,那么对他来说,只有当他赢时,玩游戏才有趣。about介词,后应用名词,故应为win的动名词形式winning。5.unhappy句意:或者如果他找到了一个比他厉害的同伴的话,他将会不开心并且不想继续玩了。故应用happy的反义词unhappy。6.duty由下文可知是要告诉父母:不管孩子是赢还是输都要正确面对,这是父母的职责。故应为duty。7.always由上下文及句意可知是指你不可能总是赢。8.whenwhen当时候。9.is句意:总之,玩游戏不只是当你赢时才有趣。动名词
37、短语作主语谓语应为单数,又根据前后文时态可知答案为is。10.worry句意:如果你只是有一点儿不幸运的话,不要太担心。dont后应用动词原形,故答案为worry。六、1.Sorry, I dont know/Sorry, Im new here/Im not sure2.is there a bank here/near here3.How far is it4.How can I get there/How to get there5.Youre welcome/No problem/My pleasure七、写作要点1.三段式作文。2.第一段:陈述事件;第二段:说明规则的重要性;第三段:
38、小结。参考范文Good afternoon, everyone! A tourist was bitten to death by a tiger in Ningbo Youngor Zoo during the Spring Festival, which brought a heated discussion about obeying rules.Rules play a very important role in our life. Without them, we cant live in a safe and peaceful world. Just imagine:cars run fast everywhere in the street, factories pour wasted and polluted water into the rivers, people dont go to work and students dont go to school. What would our world look like?So for our own safety and a better world, lets obey the rules.第 8 页