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1、第4课时七年级(下)Units 58与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问示侄孙伯安诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。 一、单项选择我国古代的读书人,从上学之日起,就日诵不辍,一般在几年内就能识记几千个汉字,熟记几百篇文章,写出的诗文也是字斟
2、句酌,琅琅上口,成为满腹经纶的文人。为什么在现代化教学的今天,我们念了十几年书的高中毕业生甚至大学生,竟提起作文就头疼,写不出像样的文章呢?吕叔湘先生早在1978年就尖锐地提出:“中小学语文教学效果差,中学语文毕业生语文水平低,十几年上课总时数是9160课时,语文是2749课时,恰好是30%,十年的时间,二千七百多课时,用来学本国语文,却是大多数不过关,岂非咄咄怪事!”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。特别是写议论文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的“三要素”是论点、论据、论证,也通晓议论文的基本结构:提出问题分析问题解决问题,但真正动起笔来就犯难了。知道“是这样”,就是讲不出“为什么”。根本
3、原因还是无“米”下“锅”。于是便翻开作文集锦之类的书大段抄起来,抄人家的名言警句,抄人家的事例,不参考作文书就很难写出像样的文章。所以,词汇贫乏、内容空洞、千篇一律便成了中学生作文的通病。要解决这个问题,不能单在布局谋篇等写作技方面下功夫,必须认识到“死记硬背”的重要性,让学生积累足够的“米”。 1.(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔)How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?与当今“教师”一称最接近的“老师”概念，最早也要追溯至宋元时期。金代元好问示侄孙伯安诗云：“伯安入小学，颖悟非凡貌，属句有夙性，说字惊老师。”于是看，宋元时
4、期小学教师被称为“老师”有案可稽。清代称主考官也为“老师”，而一般学堂里的先生则称为“教师”或“教习”。可见，“教师”一说是比较晚的事了。如今体会，“教师”的含义比之“老师”一说，具有资历和学识程度上较低一些的差别。辛亥革命后，教师与其他官员一样依法令任命，故又称“教师”为“教员”。 It takes ushour to go to my hometown bytrain. A.a,aB.an,/C.an,the2.(2018山东青岛)I cant find my mobile phone.Dont worry. Maybe youit at home.A.forgotB.missedC.lo
5、stD.left3.(2018吉林)Lets save pandas!There only about 2,000 pandas living in the forests now.A.amB.isC.are4.(2018河南实验中学二模)Excuse me,where is the bookstore?Gothe bridge.Youll see it on your left.A.onB.betweenC.acrossD.through5.(2018河南新乡一模)Which of the following is right?A.Could you tell me where he com
6、es from?B.As the saying goes:“No pain,no gain”.C.Neither he nor his sisters has left the town.D.I dont eat much ice cream.Because I dont want to get fat.6.(2019吉林长春)There an amusement park near my home. I often see children play there.A.amB.isC.areD.be7.(原创)Does your father enjoy soccer matches?A.wa
7、tchB.watchedC.to watchD.watching8.(原创)I go to the theater,because I dont like operas at all.A.alwaysB.oftenC.sometimesD.never9.(原创)How about going to Disneyland together?A.Enjoy yourself!B.Good luck!C.Whats up?D.That sounds like a good idea!10.Whyyour brother wantthe koalas?A.do;to seeB.does;to seeC
8、.does;seeD.do;see11.This math problem isnt so difficult that I can work it out .A.easilyB.usefullyC.loudlyD.quietly12.The radio says it is a day today.Yes. Look! Its heavily now.A.rain;rainingB.rainy;rainingC.rainy;rainyD.rain;rainy13.My parents about 2,000 yuan for my giant bicycle last week.A.spen
9、tB.tookC.costD.paid14.When is Lang Langs concert? Its three oclock the afternoon of December 18th.A.at;inB.at;onC.on;inD.in;on15. is it from your home to Yonghui Supermarket?About ten minutes walk.A.How farB.How longC.How muchD.How often二、完形填空When I was 7,my family made me an ant farm.First,we put c
10、lean sand in a thin glass box.Then we 1for the ants to arrive.After the ants dropped into the glass farm,they got down to making tunnels(地道). I was2that each one knew exactly what to do.Each had its own3.One day some bad things happened to the ant farm.I had put my face so4to the glass farm that I t
11、ipped it over (弄翻了它).All the tunnels fell down.Although the ants survived(幸存)their earthquake,one by one they began to die.I was frightened as I watched them5building their tunnels to carry the bodies to a corner of the farm.My mother said that the ants were dying of 6.They just could not stand that
12、 their tunnels were gone.Although much time has passed,I7think of that ant farm.Over the years,I came to realize the importance of 8.Working together,the ants were able to make an amazing world for themselves.I also learned they should be admired for their hard work.But there was an even larger less
13、on that I did not realize until recently:Bad9are a natural part of life,and must be accepted. We have to realize that if a tunnel is gone we just have to build 10.I will remember this forever.1.A.lookedB.waitedC.leftD.paid2.A.crazyB.disappointedC.amazedD.lucky3.A.jobB.directionC.discussionD.single4.
14、A.carefulB.activeC.farD.close5.A.go onB.give upC.put offD.prevent from6.A.lonelinessB.happinessC.sadnessD.tiredness7.A.neverB.stillC.hardlyD.already8.A.courageB.confidenceC.successD.teamwork9.A.situationsB.customsC.chancesD.activities10.A.otherB.the otherC.anotherD.others三、阅读理解(2019河南新乡一模)People are
15、 hurt by acid rain(酸雨).A young boy named Marco lived in New Jersey.He liked to open his mouth to catch the fresh-tasting water in the past.This time it was acid rain.It came from pollution created by the factories close to Marcos home.Marco didnt know that this kind of rain would make him sick.Marco
16、,who has asthma(气喘),suffered a serious attack.He had to go to hospital.He felt terrible.He couldnt breathe.People with breathing problems may suffer serious attacks when they are exposed (显露)to acid rain.People who eat plants or animals that have been exposed to acid rain may also have health proble
17、ms.Some other health problems have something to do with people who eat animals and plants affected by acid rain.Acid rain burns the leaves on plants.They should be green and healthy,but acid rain destroys them.The acid rain usually does not kill the plants,but their leaves are destroyed.Then,the pla
18、nts get weaker because they cant make the food that they need.Forests in the Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States have been especially harmed by acid rain.Besides,acid rain also hurts soil and non-living things such as arts and buildings.We should work together to make acid rain go awa
19、y.Acid rain will go away if the pollutants in the air go away.Every family can reduce the pollutants by using clean energy.They can also drive less.If everyone helps,acid rain will go away soon.1.Where did Marco live according to the passage?A.In New Mexico.B.In New Jersey.C.In New York.D.In New Orl
20、eans.2.Why did Marco feel sick?A.Because he was exposed to acid rain.B.Because he ate plants exposed to acid rain.C.Because he ate animals exposed to acid rain.D.Because he drank the acid rain.3.What does acid rain do to plants?A.Make their leaves weaker.B.Make them grow faster.C.Make them stronger.
21、D.Make their leaves greener.4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A.Acid rain may cause health problems.B.Acid rain usually doesnt kill a tree.C.Acid rain doesnt do harm to non-living things.D.The less pollution,the less acid rain.5.Whats the last paragraph mainly about?A.How
22、 to protect our environment.B.Call on people to work together to prevent acid rain.C.Call on people to use clean energy.D.Call on people to drive less.四、任务型阅读Many people may enjoy traveling by air, but few like airline food. Airlines have always tried to improve the quality of the food and the taste
23、 of the food in order to attract more travelers.1According to some recent scientific research, a part of the reason is that at high altitude(海拔), we cant actually taste things well as we do on the ground.Scientists have found that even before a plane takes off,2As the plane climbs, the air pressure
24、changes and our noses become more and more senseless. When the plane goes 35,000 feet high,3They help explain why the tomato juice on airplanes tastes far less sour in the air than it does down on the ground. 4Otherwise, the food would be tasteless. Astronauts also have to do with this problem on th
25、eir journeys for similar reasons.5The studies are going on! We are looking forward to any improvement.根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。A.the nose no longer knows just like being bitten(咬)by a snake.B.How to solve this problem?C.the air inside the plane dries out the nose.D.Getting somethi
26、ng tasty in the air is like a dream to the travelers.E.It also helps to explain why airlines like to have salty and spicy(辛辣的)food better.1.2.3.4.5.五、词语运用(2018河南平顶山一模)阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。fortheydangerouswhentellmovebravefacesaylikelargeat One day,two men wen
27、t along a lonely road and talked of what they would do if a bear or wolves attacked(进攻)1.“Dont fear,”2the larger one,“I can protect you and me,too,so there will be no3.There is nothing in the forest for any man to fear,except a hungry bear,and Id like to meet the bear that could be a match for me.”J
28、ust at that time,a huge bear appeared on the road and4towards the two men.The two men ran for a tree.The one who spoke so5reached it first and climbed to safety.The smaller man,being left to6 the bear alone,threw himself on the ground and lay as if he was dead. 7the bear came up,he smelt the man on
29、the ground and went away.Then the8man came down from the tree and said,“What did the bear say in your ear?You seemed9old friends.”“Oh,”the other answered,“He10me never to trust a person who talks big.”1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.答案精解精析一、1.B句意:从这里到你的家乡花费我们多长时间?乘火车到我的家乡需要花费我们一个小时的时间。此题考查冠词的用法。不定冠词包括a和an,a用于以
30、辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前,an用于以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前,均表示泛指。第一个空表示泛指且hour以元音音素开头,故用an;第二空“by+交通工具”是固定搭配,中间不加任何冠词。故选B。易错警示考查冠词的题目通常同时考查不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词或者其中的两项。本题需注意hour这个词中h不发音,故hour是以元音音素开头的单词。不要认为只有以a,e,i,o,u开头的单词才是以元音音素开头的。2.D句意:我找不到我的手机了。不要担心。或许你把它落在家里了。本题考查动词词义辨析。forget忘记;miss 想念;lose丢失;leave忘了带。根据题意可知选D。3.C句意:让我们拯救大熊
31、猫吧!现在森林里仅幸存约2,000只大熊猫了。本题考查主谓一致。根据pandas,可知be动词用复数形式are。4.C句意:打扰一下,书店在哪儿?过了这座桥。你就会看见它在你的左边。本题考查介词。on在之上;between在两者之间;across 从表面横过;through穿过,根据句意可知答案为C项。5.A句意:下列哪个是正确的?A:请你告诉我他来自哪里好吗?宾语从句,正确;B:标点符号错误,英语中没有冒号;C:neither.nor.遵守“就近原则”,故has应为have;D:Because首字母应小写,且前面的句点改为逗号。故答案为A项。6.B7.D8.D9.D10.B11.A12.B1
32、3.D14.B15.A二、语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者7岁时,家人给他做了一个蚂蚁农场,通过观察蚂蚁打造地道的过程,作者懂得了团队合作的重要性。但蚂蚁的放弃让他懂得了遇到困难时我们不能放弃。1.Bwait for等待,根据句意可知是指等待蚂蚁到达。2.C句意:我对每只蚂蚁确切地知道做什么感到吃惊。crazy疯狂的;disappointed感到失望的;amazed感到吃惊的;lucky幸运的。根据句意可知答案为C项。3.A句意:每只蚂蚁都有它自己的工作。job工作;direction方向;discussion讨论;single单一的,故答案为A项。4.D句意:我的脸离玻璃农场瓶那么近以至
33、于我弄翻了它。careful小心的;active积极的;far远的;close近的。故答案为D项。5.B句意:当我看到它们放弃建地道去运送尸体到农场角落时感到很吃惊。go on继续;give up放弃;put off推迟;prevent from阻止,故答案为B项。6.C由设空处后的内容可知它们不能忍受地道被毁掉,故可知它们是死于悲伤。loneliness孤独;happiness快乐;sadness悲伤;tiredness疲惫,故答案为C项。7.B句意:尽管过去很长时间了,但我仍然会想起那个蚂蚁农场。never从不;still仍然;hardly几乎不;already已经。故答案为B项。8.Dc
34、ourage勇气;confidence自信;success成功;teamwork团队合作,根据句意可知是作者懂得了团队合作的重要性,故答案为D项。9.Asituation情形;custom风俗;chance机会;activity活动,根据句意可知坏的情形是生活中很自然的一部分,故答案为A项。10.Cother其他的;the other两者中另一个;another另一个;others别人。根据句意可知是指我们不得不建另一个农场。故答案为C项。三、1.B2.D3.A4.C5.B四、1.D2.C3.A4.E5.B五、语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了两个人面对危险时其中说得很勇敢的人表现出的自私,让人
35、感触很深。1.themattack sb.进攻某人。由前面的two men可知此处应为they的宾格形式them。2.said大个子说:“不要害怕。”由前后文时态可知应用say的过去式said。3.danger我也能保护我和你,因此没有危险。danger名词,意为“危险”。4.moved句意:就在那时,一只巨大的熊出现在路上并且朝这两个人走来。move动词,意为“移动”,和本句中的appeared为并列关系,故应用一般过去时moved。5.bravelyso+形容词或副词,又根据句意(说得那么勇敢的那个人第一个到树上并爬到安全的地方)及动词speak可知应用brave副词形式bravely。6.faceface动词,意为“面对”,由句意可知是小个子的人独自面对熊。在动词不定式符号to后用动词原形。7.When句意:当熊过来时,它闻了闻地上的那个人然后走开了。when连词,“当时候”。句首应大写首字母。8.larger由空后的came down from the tree可知此处是指个子较大的人,故用large的比较级形式larger。9.likeseem like好像,like介词,意为“像”。10.told他告诉我永远不要相信说大话的人。tell动词,意为“告诉”。根据前后文时态可知应用一般过去时。第 6 页