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1、专题复习资料（一）名 词 天宝试验学校：谢 磊讲前练习(全国中考题)1. (2007 宁波，29) - Excuse me, is the supermarket far from here? - No, its about _ . A. 7 minutes walk B. 7 minute walk C. 7 minutes walk D. 7 minutes walk2. (2006 昆明，32) - What do you have for breakfast? - I often have _ or _ . A. breads; noodles B. bread; noodles C.
2、 breads; noodle D. bread; noodle3. (2006 山东，26) Swimming is _ in summer. A. a great fun B. great fun C. great funs D. great a fun4. (2006河南) -What would you like to drink, girls?-_, please. A. two cup of coffee B. two cups of coffee C. two cups of coffees D. two cup of coffees5. (2007重庆) All the _ t
3、eachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th , because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woman D. women6（2007湖北）- Can I help you, sir? - Yes, Id like five _ and some carrots. A. knife B. tomatoes C. meat D. days 7(2006 兰州) -Hows Joys skirt? -Her skirt is more beautiful than _ . A. her sisters an
4、d Kate B. her sister and Kate C. her sister and Kates D. her sisters and Kates8（2007包头）-Do you know how many _ a horse has and how many _ a bee has? A. teeth; feet B. tooth; foot C. foot; teeth D. teeth; foot9(2005黄冈) -Can I help you?- Id like _ for my twin daughters. A. two pair of shoes B. two pai
5、rs of shoe C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes10. (2007 济南) The PLA man saved three _ lives in the accident. A. childrens B. children C. child D. childs名词考点（1） 可数名词及其单复数 （2）不可数名词 （3）专有名词 （4）所有格一名词的分类 名词专有名词Lucy, China, the Great Wall普通名词可数名词个体名词book, bike, ball, dog, desk, window, chair集体名词fam
6、ily, class, group, team, police, people不可数名词物质名词rice, water, air, porridge, wood抽象名词knowledge, danger, health, life, homework, love二可数名词的复数形式（1）规则变化例词: 把下列名词变为复数归纳:构成方法cake- day-student- bed-一般情况加-sbus- watch-box- brush-以s, x, sh, ch等结尾的词加-esbaby- city-country- lady-以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-esphoto- pian
7、o-zoo- radio-以o结尾的词多数加-spotato- tomato-hero-少数加-esleaf- half-knife- wife-shelf- life-self- thief-以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f或fe为v,再加-es(2)不规则变化1.常见不规则变化的名词 man- woman- policeman- Englishwoman- foot- tooth-child- mouse-2单复数同形five Chinese two Japanese many sheep many fish3.只用复数的名词眼镜 glasses 衣服 clothes 裤子pants手套glo
8、ves 鞋 shoes 谢谢thanks 4集体名词的数 people police family class team 5. 复合名词的复数 an apple tree- ten _ _ a bird cage- three _ _a man worker five _ _ a woman teacher- eight _ _ 6.有些名词既可数也不可数（补出汉语意思） 不可数 可数 orange oranges chicken chickens glass glasses fish fish (单复数同形) fishes三不可数名词及其数 常见的不可数名词有：advice, fun, ne
9、ws, information, luck, weather, wood, work, homework, housework, bread, food, fruit等。 不可数名词表示“量”的方法：1 用much, a little, a lot of/ lots of/ plenty of, some, any等表示多少。a lot of money, some bread, much water2 用a piece of等量词短语。 a piece of paper, two pieces of advice/news a glass of water/ milk, a cup of t
10、ea, three bags of rice四名词所有格（一）s所有格的构成1. 表示有生命的东西的名词，所有格一般在名词后加s，其构成形式如下：（1）一般单数名词后加s.如：my brothers book，Jacks cat，the girls pen等。（2）以-s或-es结尾的复数名词的所有格，只需在名词右上方加“”。如：girls，teachers等。注意：在不规则复数名词后，要加s.如：womens clothes.（3）如果一样东西为两个人共有，则只在后一个名词词尾加s，如果不是共有的，两个名词都要加s.如：Tom and Peters room汤姆和彼得的房间（共有）Toms
11、and Peters rooms汤姆的房间和彼得的房间（不共有）（4）表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加上s代表全称。如：at the doctors = at the doctors office在诊所（5）由some-，any-，no-，every-与-one / -body结合起来的复合词和else连用时，s应加在else后。如：somebody elses pencil.2. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可以在词尾后加s或“”来构成所有格。如：todays news，ten minutes drive，two weekstime等。（二）“of +名词”所
12、有格无生命的名词的所有格，通常用“of+名词”的结构来表示。如：the windows of the room（房间的窗户），the cover of the dictionary（词典的封面）。（三）双重所有格1. 双重所有格的概念及用法（1）表示部分概念，of短语修饰的名词前通常有表示数量的限定词，如：a，an，one，two，some，several，a few，many，any，no等。This is a friend of my fathers. =This is one of my fathers friend.这是我父亲的一个朋友。（2）双重所有格与of所有格的不同。如： a p
13、hoto of mine (我所拥有的照片之一，照片上不一定是我本人。) 名词性物主代词或名词所有格 a photo of me (照片上是我本人的照片之一。) 宾格或名词讲后练习1（2008 河北，24）Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time? A. 20 years B. 20 years C. 20-years D. 20-years2. (2007 重庆) - Would you like _ ? - Thank you, but Im not thirty. A. some sandwiches B. some moon ca
14、kes C. some bread D. some orange3. (2008 武汉) -Where are the _ ? - They are playing _ football on the playground. A. boys students; the B. boy students; the C. boy student; / D. boy students; /4. (2008 成都) My friend Dave helped me a lot by giving me _ on English learning. A. advices B. many advice C.
15、 some advice5. (2007河北) _ room is big and bright. They like it very much. A .Tom and Sam B. Toms and Sam C. Tom and Sams D. Toms and Sams6. (2008 重庆，25)Yao Ming did a good job in the basketball match yesterday. He is my favorite _ . A. worker B. teacher C. dancer D. player7. (2008 北京，28) Betty likes
16、 _ very much. She draws pictures every day. A. art B. music C. sport D. science8. (2008 安徽，34) The music made me think of the _ of a running water. A. shout B. noise C. voice D. sound9. (2008 山东，25) British people eat _ a lot, and they are usually cooked in different ways. A. chicken B. beef C. fish
17、 D. potatoes10. (2008 武汉，37) - Bill is ill. Do you know whats wrong with him? - Poor boy. His illness is the _ of eating unhealthy food. A. result B. cause C. reason D. end 专题复习资料（二）代 词重庆市田家炳中学 戴卫东 倪敏讲前练习：1.（2007 重庆）-Mum, I want to ask grandpa a question. -Oh. _ is reading a newspaper upstairs. A. H
18、e B. Him C. His D. Himself 2.（2006 重庆）-Is this your sons sweater?-No. _ is on the chair behind the desk. A. He B. Him C. She D. His 3.（2008 吉林）The two girls are your new classmates. Help_, please. A. them B. they C. their D. theirs 4.（2007 兰州）Most people find _ exciting to watch a football match. A.
19、 it B. this C. that D. one5.（2007 重庆）-Do you like the pop star Zhou Jielun or the movie sstar Liu Dehua?-_. Im not their fan. A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All 6.（2008 山东）My son wants a pet rabbit for long, but I have no time to buy_ for him. A. it B. that C. the one D. one 7.（2008 宁波）I guess Tom
20、and his sister Celia enjoyed_at the party. A. myself B. himself C. herself D. themselves 8.（2008 宁夏）Though my answer is different from _, I still think _ is right. A. their, my B. their, mine C. theirs, mine D. theirs, my 9.（2008 天津）-Is_ here? -No, John and Bob have asked for leave. A. nobody B. any
21、body C. somebody D. everybody 10.（2008 哈尔滨）-Believe yourself. You are better than_. Youre the best. Wish you success! A. anyone else B. someone else C. else anyone 11.（2008 安徽）A lot of story books are on sale, but_ good ones. A. any B. some C. few D. many 一. 人称代词与物主代词：1. 人称代词与物主代词的各种形式：单 数主 格宾 格形容物代
22、名词物代 第一人称 Imemymine第二人称 you you your yours 第三人称 he him his his she her her hers it it itsits复数一人称weusour ours二人称youyou your yours三人称 theythemtheir theirs2. 人称代词与物主代词的用法：（1） 人称代词的主格在句中作主语。He ofen goes home by bus.（2） 人称代词的宾格在句中作动词、介词的宾语，还可作表语使用。如：_love our country. ( We ,US )She is a good student.I d
23、ont know him.His mother is waiting for them outside.-Whos it ? - Its_. ( I , me )人称代词的语序几个人称代词并列作主语时，他们的顺序是：单数形式 （ 2，3，1 ） you ， he and I ; 复数形式 （ 1，2，3 ） we ，you and they(3) 形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用; 名词词性物主代词常用来避免和前面已提到的名词重复。相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。 Who is your uncle?- This is my dictionary. Where is_ ?
24、 (you r , yours )-Its over there, on the bed. -Tom, is this your pen? -Yes, its _. (yours, his, mine, my)(4) 名词词性物主代词可用在of后面作定语，相当于“of+名词所有格”，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。如： He is a friend of mine.二. 反身代词1、反身代词的单复数形式列表如下： 人称 数 单数 复数第一人称myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己
25、 herself 她自己 itself 它自己 他们自己 themselves 她们自己 它们自己 2、反身代词常用于一些固定搭配中。如：teach oneself 自学 learn by oneself自学enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得高兴 help oneself to 随便吃hurt oneself 受伤 by oneself 亲自3、反身代词表示动作回到主语本身，所以它应与动作发出者保持人称一致。如：The little boy is too young to look after _.I hope you can enjoy yourself / yourselves a
26、t the party.The children made the plane _ .三. 指示代词1. 指示代词列表如下：单数 this that 复数 these those2. 指示代词的用法(1) this /these 近指或者指下文要提到的事，that / those 远指或者指前面刚刚提过的事。如：Please remember this：No pain，no gains.He was ill. That was why he didnt go to school.(2) 打电话时用 this 介绍自己，用that 询问对方。如This is Mike speaking. Who
27、 is that？我是迈克。你是谁？（3）在表示比较的句子中，that指代单数的人或物，those指代复数的人或物；The books on the table are newer than those in my schoolbag。四. 疑问代词疑问代词 主要用法 who 主语、表语、宾语（作宾语时在口语中不能放在介词后） whom who 的宾格形式，作宾语 whosewho 的所有格形式，作主语、表语、宾语、定语 what / who what 询问某人的职业 who 询问某人的身份 、姓名what / which what 指不定数目中的“哪一个，哪一些；什么”，没有一定范围的限定
28、which “哪一个”，在一定范围内特指的人或物1. Who wants to go with me ？2. _ are you talking to ？3. To_ are you talking ?4. -What is your father ？ -He is a worker.5. Which do you perfer, spring or summer?6. _ book is this ?7. What would you like ?五.不定代词1、复合不定代词（1）初中阶段常用复合不定代词列表如下：somebody （某人）anybody （某人/任何人）nobody （没有
29、人）everybody （每人）someone （某人）anyone （某人/任何人） no one （没有人） everyone （每人）something （某事）anything （某人/任何事） nothing （没有东西）ecerything （每一件事）如Do you have anything special to tell me today ？ 今天你有什么特别的事告诉我吗？Listen to me boys and girls. I have something to tell you .同学们，听我说, 我有一些事情要告诉你们。- Is there_ in the cup?
30、 杯子里有东西吗? -No, there is _ . 没有,什么也没有。(2) 当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something ,everything , everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在这些词的后面。如：Xiaoming，I have _ to tell you. 小明,我有一些重要的事情要告诉你Can you find anyone else ? 你能再找一个人吗 ? (3) 当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everbody ，nobody ，anyone等时，其反意疑问句的主语常用代词they；当句子的主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everthing ，anyth
31、ing ，something ，nothing等时，其反意疑问句的主语常用代词 it。如：Everybody is here ，arent they ?Everything is ready , isnt it ?(4)everyone的意思等同与everbody，只能指人；every one 既可指人也可指物，还可以和of短语连用。如：Id like _ to be happy. 我希望人人都幸福。Every one likes Mary. 人人都喜欢玛丽。I have kept every one of her letters. 我把她的每一封信都保2、普通不定代词（1）初中阶段常用普通不
32、定代词列表如下：some any few little none one othermny much either neithereach every both all（2）普通不定代词的用法1）some与 anysome和any均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词；some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议时应用some 。 如：There arent any students in the classroom .Look ! Some boys are playing football .-Wo
33、uld you like _ coffee ? - Yes , please .2) many 与 muchmany 修饰可数名词复数, 还可以与表示程度的副词so , too , as , how连用。much修饰不可数名词，也可以与表示程度的副词 so, too, how连用。如：How many bottles of water do you need ？He has too much homework to do .There are too _ mistakes in your exercises .He never eats so much breakfast .3)either,
34、 neither与botheither指两个之中的其中一个，neither指两个人或物中一个也不，常构成固定搭配either/ neither of +名词（代词）的复数+谓语动词（第三人称单数）；当either- or 和neither-nor-，连接两个主语时，谓语动词应离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致；both表示“两者都”常与and连用。如：Neither of the books is good .Either you or I_ going to America .Neither you nor he is wrong .Both she and I are students .
35、4) none与allnone指三者或三者以上中没有一个， all指三者或三者以上都，它们常与of 连用。如：I tried several jackets, but none of them looked good.Jim, Lucy and Lily all agree to stay here .5) each 与everyeach 和every都表示“每一个”。each强调个别，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；every强调整体情况，修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外，each可指两个以上的人或事物，而every只可指三个或三个以上的人或事物。如：There are trees
36、on each side of the road .Every student in Class 5 passed the exam .Each of us wears a yellow T-shirt .We each wear a yellow T-shirt .(3) 几组容易混淆的不定代词：1）it ，one ，that作代词时的区别it特指上下文提到的同一对象是同一事物。one泛指上下文提到的同类事物中的一个，同类而不同一。that常用与比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。如：-Who has a pen ? -I have one .The book is mine. _i
37、s very interesting .The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter . 2）either与any作“任何”讲时的区别either是两者中任何一个；any是三者（及以上）中任何一个。如：We plant trees on either side of the street .You can choose any student to join the swimming . 3）neither与none的区别neither是两者都不；none是三者或三者以上都不。如：_ of you two i
38、s right .None of the students likes the math teacher .-Which subject do you like better, math or English ? -Neither, I like Chinese .4）other，the other，others，the others，another不定代词 意义 用法说明other 另外的只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果前面有the，this，that，some，any，each，every，no。one，my，your，his等，则可与单数名词连用the other两者中的另
39、一个常与one连用，构成“one-the other”；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的全部”others泛指别的人或物是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）。不能作定语，可以构成some- others结构the others特指其余的人或物是the other的复数形式，特指其余的人或物 another任何一个，另一个指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作形容词或代词 He is taller than any other student in his class . He is taller than _ _ in his class . He is taller than the other students in his class . Some students like pop music while _ dont in our school . I want some other books besid