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1、中石油 职称英语考试2013版 通用选读中石油 职称英语考试2013版 通用选读目 录1.The Value of Time 时间的价值32.English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言53.All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的.74.How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判（新）85.Network Security 网络安全106.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料127.Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无
2、人驾驶汽车148.Our Family Creed 家族的信条169.The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术1810.Sweep a Fuel Craft Invest Fever 清洁能源行业投资热潮2011.Smoking and Cancer 吸烟和癌2212.The Positive Meanings of Love 爱的真谛2413.Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits?运动有奇效吗?2614.Taking chances,Making chances 抓住机遇，制造机遇2815.The Province of A
3、lberta 阿尔伯达省3016.The American Way: Family 美国人的家庭观3117.Computers Give Big Boosts to Productivity计算机技术极大提高生产效率3318.The Principles of International Trade国际贸易原理3519.A World without Oil 假如世界没有石油3720.The Germanic Languages日耳曼语系3921.How Americans Eat and Drink 美国人的饮食4122.The Delights of South Island 南岛之乐43
4、23.A Sandpiper to Bring You Joy 矶鹞带来快乐4524.An Introduction to Distillation 蒸馏概述4925. Hints to Improve Spoken English 提高英语口语须知5226.The Moon-Riddle from the Past月球-来自远古之谜5427.The Delight of Books 书之乐趣5628.The Magic of Energy 能的魔力5829.How to Reduce Employee Turnover如何减少员工流失6030. That Other Woman in My
5、Life 我生命中的“另一个女人”6331.Geography of USA 美国地理概况6532. The Old Man and the Sea (Excerpt) 参考译文：老人与海(节选)6833.Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences 石油地质学与其它科学7034.What Do Parents Owe Their Children 父母欠子女什么？7235.Trends for 21st Century21世纪的趋势7536.You Bet Your Life 以命相赌7837.Radiation and Human Health辐射与人体健康80
6、38.To Be Content with Ones Lot乐天知命8339.I Didnt Know How to Teach Until I Met You 直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学8540.An Introduction to Petrochemicals 石油化工产品概述8841.The Subject of Smiling微笑问题9142.A $210,000 WALLET1 价值21万美元的钱包9443.Whats Your Best Time of Day?何时是你一天中最佳的时间？9744.Fundamental Techniques in Handling People 处
7、理人际关系的基本技巧10145.Happiness Index幸福指数10446.Becoming Wealthy:Its Up to You 致富取决于你自己10747.Oil 油10948.Ocean Plant Life in Decline海洋植物数量锐减11249.Cultural Taboos文化禁忌11450.Managing In a Global Environment 在全球环境中进行管理11651.Not Quite Ready to Retire1 退休为时尚早12052.Sales Promotion 产品促销12353.Another Happiness 另一种快乐
8、12654.Why To Mark a Book 为什么在书上做标记12955.Earths Last Frontier:The Sea 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域13256.Why Antarctica Is Being Explored 为什么要勘探南极洲13557.Listening Faults 聆听的误区13958.Your Are What You Think 你认为自己是什么样的人，就是什么样的人14259.The Audacity of Hope 有希望则无所畏惧14660.Future of Energy能源的未来1511.The Value of Time 时间的价值1.T
9、ime says the proverb is money. This means that every moment well-spent may put some money into our pockets. If our time is usefully employed, it will either produce some useful and important piece of work which will fetch its price in the market, or it will add to our experience and increase our cap
10、acities so as to enable us to earn money when the proper opportunity comes. There can thus be no doubt that time is convertible into money. Let those who think nothing of wasting time remember this; let them remember that an hour misspent is equivalent to the loss of a banknote; and that an hour uti
11、lized is tantamount to so much silver or gold; and then they will probably think twice before they give their consent to the loss of any part of their time.1、谚语说：“时间就是金钱。”这句话的意思是，一时片刻只要用得有效， 都会让我们的口袋增添一些钱。如果我们的时间使用得当，就能生产出有用 的、重要的产品，在市场上卖得一定的价钱；就能充实经验，增长才干，等 到适当的时机来临时，我们就能挣得金钱。因此，毫无疑问，时间可以转化 为金钱。让那些
12、对浪费时间满不在乎的人记住这一点。让他们记住，浪费一 小时等于损失一张钞票，而利用一小时就等于得到若干金银。这样，他们想 浪费时间时或许会三思而后行。2.Moreover, our life is nothing more than our time. To kill time is therefore a form of suicide. We are shocked when we think of death, and we spare no pains, no trouble, and no expense to preserve life. But we are too often
13、indifferent to loss of an hour or of a day, forgetting that our life is the sum total of the days and of the hours we live. A day or an hour wasted is therefore so much life forfeited. Let us bear this in mind, and waste of time will appear to us in the light of a crime as culpable as suicide itself
14、.2、再说，我们的生命无非就是我们活在人世的时间。因此，浪费时间也 就是一种自杀。我们想到死，便惊恐不已，因而不惜一切努力、麻烦和费用 来保全我们的生命。可是，我们对于损失一个小时或者一天的时间却往往漠 不关心、无动于衷，忘记了我们的生命原本就是我们生活的每一天、每一小 时的总和。因此，浪费一天或一小时也就是丧失一天或一小时的生命。让我 们记住这一点，这样就会把浪费时间看作一种罪过，跟自杀一样应该受到惩罚。3.There is a third consideration which will also tend to warn us against loss of time. Our life
15、 is a brief span measuring some sixty or seventy years in all, but nearly one half of this has to be spent in sleep; some years have to be spent over our meals; some over dressing and undressing; some in making journeys on land and voyages by sea; some in merry-making, either on our own account or f
16、or the sake of others; some in celebrating religious and social festivities; some in watching over the sick-beds of our nearest and dearest relatives. Now if all these years were to be deducted from the term over which our life extends, we shall find about fifteen or twenty years at our disposal for
17、 active work. Whoever remembers this can never willingly waste a single moment of his life. It is astonishing says Lord Chesterfield, that anyone can squander away in absolute idleness one single moment of that portion of time which is allotted to us in this world. Know the true value of time; snatc
18、h, seize, and enjoy every moment of it!3、还有第三层考虑，也会提醒我们别浪费时间。人生短暂，总共不过六 七十年，可是将近一半时间必须用于睡眠；吃饭时间加起来也得花去一些年; 穿衣脱衣又是一些年；水陆、陆路旅行又是一些年；再加上一些年娱乐时间 (不论是为自己还是为别人）；一些年宗教节日和社会节日的庆祝活动；还有 一些年在病床边照看至亲至爱。现在如果从我们的寿命中扣除所有这些岁月， 我们将会发现，能受我们支配的有效的工作时间大约仅十五或二十年而己。 谁能记住这一点，谁就不会心甘情愿地浪费他生命的分分秒秒和每时每刻。 查斯特菲尔德勋爵说过，“对于分配给我们这一
19、生的时间，若有人游手好闲， 即使浪费片刻，也是令人吃惊的。要认识到时间的真正价值，要争分夺秒， 充分利用有限的时间。”4.All time is precious; but the time of our childhood and of our youth is more precious than any other portion of our existence, for those are the periods when alone we can acquire knowledge and develop our faculties and capacities. If we al
20、low these morning hours of life to slip away, unutilized, we shall never be able to recoup the loss. As we grow older, our power of acquisition gets blunted, so that the art or science which is not acquired in childhood or youth will never be acquired at all. Just as money laid out at interest doubl
21、es and trebles itself in time, so the precious hours of childhood and youth, if properly used, will yield us incalculable advantages. Every moment you lose says Lord Chesterfield is so much character and advantage lost; as on the other hand, every moment you now employ usefully is so much time wisel
22、y laid out at prodigious interest.4、所有的时间都是宝贵的，而我们童年和青年时期的光阴比一生中的其他阶段都更为宝贵，因为只有在这两个阶段我们才能获取知识、增长才干和发展各种才能。如果我们让这些生命的早晨时光悄悄溜走，这损失将永远也 无法弥补。等我们长大了，获得知识的能力就变得迟钝了，因此在童年和青年时期未能获得的知识和技能将永远不能获得了。储蓄金钱，产生利息，到 时候会翻两三倍；同样，童年和青年时期的宝贵时光，如果使用得当，必将带来不可估量的收益。查斯特菲尔德勋爵还说过，“丧失的每一时刻就等于丧失了与之相当的名和利。从另一方面看，你现在有效利用的每一时刻正是明
23、 智地以这时间作为投资，将来定会获取巨额的利息。”5.A proper employment of time is of great benefit to us from a moral point of view. Idleness is justly said to be the rust of the mind and an idle brain is said to be Satans workshop. It is mostly when you do not know what to do with yourself that you do something ill or wro
24、ng. The mind of the idler preys upon itself. As Watts has said: In works of labor or of skill Let me be busy too; For Satan finds some mischief still For idle hands to do.5、从道德的观点来看，恰当地利用时间对我们也有很大的好处。懒惰是心灵上的锈迹，懒人的头脑是撒旦的作坊，这话说得很有理。犯错误大多数是由于无所事事、百无聊赖所致。懒人只会自寻烦恼和作茧自缚。正如艾萨克，瓦茨所说，“我要勤快地工作，不管是粗活还是细活；因为撒且还
25、有些坏事，专借懒人的手去做。”2.English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言1.Lets face it-English is a crazy language. There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger; neither apple nor pine in pineapple. English muffins werent invented in England nor French fries in France. Sweetmeats are candies while sweetbreads,wh
26、ich arent sweet,are meat.1、让我们接受现实吧-英语是一种疯狂的语言。茄子（eggplant，字面意为鸡蛋植物）里并没有鸡蛋，汉堡包（hamburger，字面意为火腿夹饼）里也没有火腿。同样，菠萝（pineapple，字面意为松树苹果）里既没有松树也没有苹果。松饼（English muffin，字面意为英式松饼）并不是英国人发明的，而炸薯条（French fries，字面意为法式油炸食品）也不是法国人的发明。“甜肉”（sweetmeat）指的是蜜饯，而“甜面包”（sweetbread）不是甜的，它指的是牛杂碎。2.We take English for granted.
27、 But if we explore its paradoxes,we find that quicksand can work slowly,boxing rings are square and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig. And why it is that writers write but fingers dont fing,grocers dont groce and hammers dont ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth,why isnt the plural
28、 of booth beeth? If you have one goose,two geese,why not one moose,two meese,or one index,two indices?2、我们理所当然地接受了英语的一切，但是如果我们分析一下英语中似是而非的情况，我们马上就会发现“快的沙子”（quicksand，流沙，也指陷阱，困境）往往走得很慢，“拳击的圆圈”（boxing rings，拳击场）是方的，“几内亚猪”（guinea pig，天竺鼠）既不是来自几内亚，也不是猪。还有，既然名词作家（writers）去掉词尾的rs 就可以成为动词“写作(write）”，那为什么名词
29、“手指”（fingers）、杂货店（grocers）、锤子（hammers）去掉rs就不能成为各自相应的动词呢？如果牙齿的复数是teeth，那为什么售货亭的复数不是beeth？一只鹅我们用goose，两只鹅用geese，那么，一只驼鹿用moose（单复数同形），两只驼鹿就应该是meese了？为什么一条索引是index，两条索引却成了indices？3.Doesnt it seem crazy that you can make amends but not one amend,or that you can comb through the annals of history but not
30、a single annal? If you have a bunch of odds and ends and get rid of all but one of them,what do you call it?3、如果你赔偿时只能赔偿复数不能赔偿单数，这是不是很莫名其妙？你可以梳理历史的编年史，为什么却不能复习某一个单个的编年史？如果你有一堆麻烦，那么在你把其他的都解决了只剩下一个的时候该怎么说呢？4.If teachers taught,why didnt preachers praught? If a vegetarian eats vegetables,what does a hu
31、manitarian eat?4、如果教师教学是taught，那为什么传教士不是praught？如果素食主义者（vegetarian）吃蔬菜（vegetable），那人道主义者（humanitarian）吃什么？5.Sometimes I think all the English speakers should be committed to an asylum for the verbally insane. In what other language do people recite at a play and play at a recital; ship by truck and
32、send cargo by ship; have noses that run and feet that smell; park on driveways and drive on parkways?5、有时候我觉得根据英国人说话时疯狂的用词可以将他们送进精神病院。哪一种语言人们可以在一出戏中朗诵，在朗诵中玩（分别指演戏和开独唱会）？用卡车运船，用船运货（分别只用卡车运输和用船运输）？鼻子可以跑而脚可以闻味道（分别指流鼻涕和脚有臭味）？车可以停在驾驶路上，而且在停车路上驾驶（driveway从字面上理解是驾驶路，parkway从字面上理解是停车路）。6.How can a slim chan
33、ce and a fat chance be the same,while a wise man and wise guy are opposites,and quite a lot and quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell another?6、为什么一个苗条的机会（slim chance，指没机会）和一个肥胖的机会（fat chant，也指没机会）意思是一样的，而一个聪明的人（wise man，聪明人）和一个聪明的家伙（wise guy，自作聪明的人）却意思相反
34、？为什么相当多（quite a lot）和相当少（quite a few）意思一样?（实际上quite a lot和quite a few都是相当多的意思。）为什么天气可以热的像地狱也可以冷得像地狱？（as hell字面意思像地狱一样，指非常）7.You have to marvel at the unique lunacy of a language in which your house can burn up as it burns down,in which you fill in a form by filling it out and in which an alarm clock
35、 goes off by going on.7、你不得不对这种精神病一样的语言表示惊奇，在这种语言中，你的房子在被烧下去（burn down，意为烧为平地）的同时又被烧上去（burn up，意为烧起来，烧掉）。你用填出来（fill out，意为填写）的方法填进去（fill in,意思也是填写）一个表格。闹钟在走（go on）的时候响（go off）了。8.English was invented by people,not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race. That is why,when the stars
36、 are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible. And why,when I wind up my watch,I start it,but when I wind up this essay,I end it?8、英语是人而不是机器创造出来的语言，它反映了人类的创造性。这也是为什么当星星出来的时候，我们是看得见的，当阳光出来（out）的时候是看不见的。同理，我“处理”我的手表之后，它就开始（走）了；而我“处理”完这篇文章后，它却结束了。3.All I Learned in Kindergart
37、en 幼儿园所学的.1.Most of what I really need to know about how to live and what to do and how to be,I learned in kindergarten. Wisdom was not at the top of the graduate mountain, but there in the sandpile at nursery school.1、大部分在生活中真正需要的，包括怎样生活，该做些什么，又该怎样去做，这些都是我在幼儿园时学会的。智慧不在研究生院的山巅之上，而在幼儿园的沙堆里。2.These ar
38、e the things I learned: Share everything. Play fair. Dont hit people. Put tilings back where you found them. Clean up your own mess. Dont take things that arent yours. Say youre sorry when you hurt somebody. Wash your hands before you eat. Warm cookies and cold milk are good for you. Live a balanced
39、 life. Learn some and think some and draw and paint and sing and dance and play and work everyday some.2、以下就是我在幼儿园中学到的。分享所有的东西；行为光明磊落；不要攻击别人；东西要放回原处；自己弄脏的地方自己收拾好；不要拿走不属于自己的东西；如果你伤害了别人就得道歉；饭前洗手；热的甜点和凉的牛奶对身体有益；生活要有张有弛，学点东西、想点思想、写写画画、唱唱跳跳，休息和工作，每样事天天都要干一点。3.Take a nap every afternoon. When you go out i
40、nto the world, watch for traffic, hold hands and stick together. Be aware of wonder. Remember the little seed in the plastic cup? The roots go down and the plant goes up and nobody really knows how or why, but we are all like that.3、每天下午小睡一会。当大家外出时，注意交通安全，记得手挽手，彼此互相扶持。多多注意那些生活的奇迹。你一定还记得那个塑料杯里的小小的种子吧
41、，它不断的往下扎根，枝叶不断的向空中伸展。没有人真正知道它在怎样生长，也不知道是为了什么。但有一点很明白，我们也像他们一样地长大。4.Goldfish and hamsters and white mice and even the little seed in the plastic cup-they all die. So do we.4、看着金鱼、仓鼠以及小白鼠甚至是花盆中小小的一颗种子，最后他们的生命都将消亡。我们明白自己同样也不能避免。5.And then remember the book about Dick and Jane1 and the first word you le
42、arned, the biggest word of all: Look. Everything you need to know is in there somewhere. The Golden Rule and love and basic sanitation. Ecology and polities and sane living.5、同时我们还记得迪克和珍妮的书，以及从书中学到的第一个词，也是最了不起的一个词：观察。你所需要了解的任何事情：包括为人的原则、爱、应注意的基本卫生，生态环境和政治哲学以及健全的生活方式，你都能在该书的某个地方找到答案。6.Think of what a
43、 better world it would be if we all-the whole world-had cookies and milk about 3 oclock every afternoon and then lay down with our blankets for a nap. Or if we had a basic policy in our nations to always put things back where we found them and cleaned up our own messes. And it is still true, no matt
44、er how old you are, when you go out into the world, it is better to hold hands and stick together.6、想一想，如果我们大家-全世界所有的人-每天下午3点左右能够享受甜点和牛奶，然后盖上被单美美地睡上一小会儿；如果每一个国家都能够遵循一个基本的立国之道，即东西放回原处，自己弄脏的地方自己收拾后，那么这个世界将是多么的美好啊。无论你年龄有多大，当你出去时，当你进入社会之时，最好和别人手牵手，互相扶持，团结一致，无论如何，这是一个颠扑不破的真理。4.How to Negotiate with Ameri
45、cans 如何与美国人谈判（新）1.The US is an attractive market. Its business culture, which has brought the world shareholder value and IPOs, has been leading commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.1、美国是一个富有吸引力
46、的市场。它给世界带来的诸如“股东价值”和 “首次公开募股”的商业文化近几年来一直引导着商业思想，并且在未来几 年内还将保持。但是无论是谁，想要在美国取得成功，都必须记住游戏的规则。2.US business is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: If you can make it here, you can make it anywhere! Yet a euphoric approach to business is by no means enough. Although business communica
47、tion in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ruthlessly focused.2、美国的商业，在纽约，纽约这首歌的歌词中是这样描述的：“如果 你能在这里取得成功，你就能在别的任何地方取得成功!”但是愉快的做生意 的方法是绝对不够的。虽然在美国的商业沟通是愉快的和自在的，但是它同 时也因为不讲情面而成为焦点。3.Communicating is a natural talent of Americans. When negotiating partners meet, the emphasis is on
48、small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humor that is more direct than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in a relaxed way and with plenty of jokes to capture your audiences attention.3、沟通是美国人与生俱来的才能。双方谈判的时候，闲聊和微笑是很重 要的。美国人比英国人更幽默也更直接。如果你和美国人谈话，要很放松并 且要准备很多笑话来吸引听众的注意力。4.Informality is the rule. Business partners renounce their academic titles on their business cards. Sandwiches and drinks in plastic or boxes are served during conferences. Your business partners tend to act casually i