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1、Unit 11 Scientific achievements,(2009杭州质检一)最近报纸上刊登了一篇报道：海南渔民张建民为8岁的女儿张慧敏设计了一个疯狂“夏令营”：用56天跑完3588公里，从三亚跑到北京。为此，媒体展开了讨论。请你根据下表，用英语给The 21st Century写一篇短文。,注意： 1词数在110左右。 2不必逐条翻译，可适当发挥。 It has been reported that_ _,参考答案 It has been reported that a father named Zhang Jianmin in Hainan province has made a
2、crazy plan for his eightyearold daughter. The little girl is supposed to run 3588 km, from Sanya to Beijing, in 56 days. In Zhangs opinion, his daughter is happy with the plan to be carried out. On the one hand, the running shows their best wishes to the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. On the other hand
3、, this kind of training will contribute to her winning a gold medal in the 2016 Olympic Games.,However, some reporters believe that the parents are trying to be famous at the cost of the daughters physical and mental health. Whats more, it is against the Olympic spirits as well as the will of the ch
4、ild. Therefore, they believe that government should stop this crazy action to protect the rights of the children. Personally, I believe we should above all make sure that our children are healthy and happy.,.重点单词 1_(n.) 战斗；战役 (v.) 斗争；奋斗 2_(n. & vt.) 行军；进行 3_(n.) 重大突破；突围 4_(n.) 硕士；(男)主人；能手 (vt.) 控制；掌
5、握 5_(vt.) 抓住；抓牢；理解 6_(adj.) 可能的；预期的,答案 1battle 2.march 3.breakthrough 4.master 5grasp 6.likely,.词汇拓展 1announce_(n.)播音员_(n.)通知，布告 2organ_(adj.)器官的；有机的；组织的 3agency_(n.)代理人(商) 4arrange_(n.)安排 5private_(n.)隐私；秘密；私事 6achieve_(n.)成就，成绩 7support_(n.)支持者，赡养者；拥护者,答案 1announcer; announcement 2.organic 3.agent
6、 4arrangement 5.privacy 6.achievement 7supporter,.重点短语 1_ sb. to do sth. 使某人能做某事 2_ the field of 在领域 3_ disease 致命的疾病 4_ a breakthrough 做出突破 5_ ones goal 实现某人的目标 6be excited _ 对感到激动的 7a growing _ of 越来越多的 8aim (sth.) _ 针对；瞄准,9put _ 指出；建议；推荐 10come _ life (变得)活跃；苏醒过来 11rely _ 依靠；信赖；指望 12set foot _ 到达
7、；进入；踏上 13_ store 贮藏着；备用；即将发生 答案 1enable 2.in 3.deadly 4.make 5.achieve 6about/at 7.number 8.at 9.forward 10.to 11on 12.in/on 13.in,.重点句型 1Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing. 无论中国将来会有什么样的伟大成就，其中许多很有可能
8、会诞生在北京的西北部。 2.make it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future. 阐明了这一观点，科学与商业能够也必须携手共创未来。,.重点语法 Word Formation 1(构词法1),.词汇聚焦 1failure n. U&C失败v. fail,思维拓展 end in failure以失败告终 a complete failure一个彻底失败的人 fail to do sth.未能做成某事 Words fail me.我气得说不出话来。 指点迷津 failure与s
9、uccess均为不可数名词，表示抽象意义“失败”和“成功”；但表示“失败(成功)的人或事”，则为可数名词，可以与不定冠词a连用。,The party was _ success. We sang and danced until it came to _ end at midnight. A. a; an B. a; the C. the; an D. /; an 解析：success作为“成功”讲是不可数名词，作为“成功的人或事”讲，则为可数名词，句意为“晚会是一次巨大的成功”。因此，success是抽象名词具体化。come to an end“结束”是固定短语。 答案：A,2mankind
10、 n. 人类 指点迷津 mankind, human, man与the human race mankind指人类，其前无冠词，含义广泛，其代词为it；本身单复数均可； human相当于human being指“人，人类”。是可数名词，它不仅可以与动物对比，而且可以与鬼神、上帝、精灵等对比； man指人类，表示泛指，其前不加限定词，其指示代词是he, his, him。man指人类时，主要用于科普文章中； the human race指“全人类”，表示抽象意义。,Men, women and children are _， while all birds and animals are _.
11、A. humans being; living beings B. human being; lively being C. human beings; living beings D. human beings; living being 解析：表示“人，人类”的复数为human beings；表示“生物”复数为living beings。其他选项均不正确。 答案：C,3man n. & v. 人，男人，配置人员 思维拓展 a hardworking man一个努力工作的人 make a man of sb.使某人成为真正的男子汉 the man in the street老百姓，一般人，普
12、通人 a man of ones word守信用的人 a man of the world老于世故的人 to the last man到最后一人 man the lifeboats给救生船配备船员 the first manned spacecraft第一艘载人宇宙飞船,_ discovers _ iron, which is _ very useful material. A. The man; an; a B. The man; /; / C. Man; /; a D. Men; /; a 解析：当man作“人类”讲时，只用单数形式，其前不加任何冠词。iron为物质名词，前面不能加冠词。m
13、aterial表示材料，可以作为可数名词使用，前有修饰语，其前须加a。 答案：C,4grasp v. 抓 思维拓展 grasp a rope抓住绳子 grasp sb. by the wrist抓住某人的手腕 grasp sbs meaning懂某人的意思 grasp the meaning of the passage理解这段话的意思,指点迷津 grasp, seize与snatch grasp指“抓紧”“紧紧抓住”。 seize除表示“抓住”之外，还表示“夺过去”，“强占”之意。 snatch指突然抢走要抢的东西。 She grasped the knife and threatened
14、to kill him. He seized my hand, shook it, and said how glad he was to see me. The enemy army seized the fort(要塞) The thief snatched her purse and ran away.,I _ the main points of the speech. A. keep a firm hold of B. seized firmly C. grasped D. measured 解析：句意为“我抓住了演讲的要点”。seized表示“抓住，强占”。D项指“测量”，A项ke
15、ep a hold of表示“抓着”。该句中应用比喻意义。 答案：C,5support v. 支持 思维拓展 support ones family养家 support sb. in the struggle在斗争中支持某人 support sb.支持某人 in support of为了支持 support oneself自力更生 support ones suggestion赞同某人的意见 support ones opinion支持某人的想法,Mr. Smith has a wife and four children to _. A. rise B. support C. hold D.
16、 grow 解析：rise“升起”，不及物动词；support“支持，维持，赡养”；hold“举起”；grow“成长”。根据句意“Mr. Smith要养活他妻子和四个孩子”可知，答案为support，不定式短语在句中作定语。 答案：B,.短语突破 1come to life变活泼；使恢复知觉；使产生兴趣 思维拓展 come to light显露，众所周知 come to ones attention引起某人的注意 come to ones notice引起某人的注意 come to a conclusion得出结论 come to oneself苏醒过来 come to grief失败，受伤，
17、遭难,Jane, what made you so unhappy? You have _ the secret? Yes, Ive discovered it, but what I really want to know _. A. found; has come to light B. found out; hasnt come to light C. founded out; didnt come into light D. invented; has been brought to light,解析：“发现(秘密，真相)”要用find out，故排除A、D；come to light
18、是“显露”之意。 答案：B,2put forward 思维拓展 提出(供考虑)，建议 将提前 把(钟、表)拨快 使(某人)受到公众的注意，突出(某人),They have put forward a plan for reducing the level of traffic. The warm weather has put the harvest forward. Please remember to put your watches forward by 5 minutes. You should put yourself forward to the public.,The docto
19、r has _ a new idea on the treatment, which is well thought of by his companions. A. thought of B. put forward C. spoken up D. regarded as 解析：根据题意，此处应表示“提出一个新的治疗方案”。A项为“认为”；B项表示“提出”；C项表示“大声说出”；D项表示“把当作”。 答案：B,3have an effect on/upon,思维拓展 have an effect on/upon对有影响 have no effect on对不起作用 have certain
20、effect on对有一定影响 have a bad effect on对有坏影响 have a great effect on对有很大影响 have little effect on对几乎无效 have much effect on对有很大影响 come into effect生效，实行，实施 bring sth. into effect实行，实施 of no effect无效的，无用的,The teacher asked the naughty student to keep quiet but it had no effect _ him. A. in B. on C. at D. wi
21、th 解析：本题考查effect与介词搭配。“对于的影响”用effect on.表达，其中on可换用upon，但不用其他介词。 答案：B,4set foot (in) 思维拓展 set foot (in)到达，进入，踏上 get to ones feet站起来 rise to ones feet站起来 struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来 keep ones feet on the ground脚踏实地 put ones feet up躺下休息，将双腿平放着休息 put ones feet down坚持立场，拿定主张 stand on ones own feet自立，自助,S
22、he said she wouldnt _ foot in the room until it had been properly cleaned. A. get B. put C. set D. rise 解析：根据题意，此处应表示“进入”之意，A、B、D均不与foot in搭配使用。 答案：C,.句型归纳 1Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.无论将来中国会
23、出现多么大的成就，很有可能有许多成就会出现在北京西北部。,思维拓展 whatever在此句中充当从属连词，引导一个让步状语从句，相当于no matter what。英语中，whatever, whenever, whoever, whomever, wherever均可引导让步状语从句，相当于“no matter相应特殊疑问词”的结构。其中的whatever, whoever, whomever还可以引导名词性从句。,_ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D.
24、Whoever 解析：分析句式结构此处需要一个连接代词，既引导主语从句，又在从句中作主语，而B、C项均不作连词，可以排除。由题意，此处应为陈述语气，而who表示疑问，故可排除A项。 答案：D,思维拓展 It is likely thatclause为一个固定句式，其中it为形式主语，thatclause为真正的主语。likely的主语既可为人，也可为物。,指点迷津 “可能性大小”的顺序，由小到大依次为：possibleprobablelikely likely侧重于从表面上某事很有可能发生，与probable意义相近，可以是人或物作主语。 possible强调客观上有可能性，但也常暗示“可能性
25、很小”，不以人作主语。possible只能以it作形式主语或形式宾语。 probable主要指有根据的、合乎情理的、值得相信的事物，带有“大概，很可能”的意味，不以人或不定式作主语。,Its nearly ten oclock and father is _ to walk in at any moment. A. possible B. maybe C. likely D. able 解析：因为主语是人，所以A、B均不对；D项与题意不符。 答案：C,2Not all the new companies can succeed, but the spirit and creativity th
26、ey represent are more important than money.并不是所有的新公司都能成功，但是他们表现出来的精神和创造力要比金钱更重要。 思维拓展 Not all.在此处表示部分否定。部分否定的常见构成有： not与all/both/everything/everybody/everywhere等表示完全意义的词连用，表示部分否定。 not与always/often/quite等词连用也表示部分否定。,指点迷津 英语中的全部否定句要借助于no, no one, neither, none, nobody, nothing, hardly, seldom, little等
27、词来表达。 Not all my classmates are League members.All my classmates arent League members. Both of them are not doctors.Not both of them are doctors.,I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 解析：由信息句I agree with most of what you said(我
28、同意你说的大部分意见)可知，“我不同意你说的全部”，应是部分否定的句子。 答案：A,3Zhongguancun has a positive effect on business as well as science.中关村不仅对科技而且对商业也有积极的影响。 指点迷津 as well as强调的是as well as之前的部分，not only.but also.强调的是but also之后的部分，as well表示“也”，仅用于肯定句中，位于句末，通常不用逗号隔开。,Mary, as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China. A. are studyi
29、ng B. have studied C. studies D. study 解析：as well as连接并列主语，谓语动词由as well as之前的主语确定单复数形式。 答案：C,4In 2000, Chinese scientists announced that they had completed their part of the international human genetic project, proving that Chinese scientists are among the worlds best.2000年，中国科学家宣布他们已经完成了所承担的国际基因组工程
30、部分，证明了中国的科学家已跻身于世界上最优秀的科学家行列。,指点迷津 proving that.是一个现在分词短语，作结果状语。在非谓语动词中，可以作结果状语的只有现在分词短语或动词不定式，现在分词短语作结果状语，表示顺理成章、显而易见的结果，动词不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。,European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make 解析：B项只能作谓语动词使用；D项表示出乎意料的结果；C项为动
31、词过去式或过去分词形式，句中原来已有谓语动词，空格前无连词，故该空不能为谓语动词过去式；A项可以作状语表示顺理成章的结果。 答案：A,5The science centre got started in the early 1980s, when.该科学中心自二十世纪八十年代早期开始兴建，当时 指点迷津 “get过去分词”可以表示被动含义或自身动作，常见的类似短语有：get lost, get hurt, get dressed, get wounded, get broken, get burnt, get paid等。,As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. lost B. spared C. separated D. missed 解析：get lost表示“迷路”，get separated表示“被分散/分开”。 答案：C,请同学们认真完成课后强化作业,