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1、机械设计课程设计设计计算说明书 设计题目: 二 级 齿 轮 减 速 器 班 级: 设 计 者: 指导教师: 完成日期: 2013年12月 5日【机械设计】课程设计任务书设计题目带式输送机传动装置设计者材料20 级 班姓名： 邓丽娟 题目数据工作机输入功率(kW)2.5工作机输入转速(rpm)98 1 电动机 2 联轴器 3 减速器 4 带式输送机(工作机)工作条件1、连续单向运转；2、载荷较平稳；3、两班制；4、结构紧凑；5、工作寿命5年。设计内容1、 减速器装配图1张(0号图)；2、零件图23张；3、设计计算说明书1份。设计期限自201 年 月 日至201年 月 日答辩日期指导教师设计成绩1
2、25成都学院（成都大学）学士学位论文（设计）1电动机的选择 1.1电动机类型和结构的选择 因为本传动的工作状况是：载荷较平稳、单向旋转。所以选用常用的封闭式Y系列的电动机。其中凸缘联轴器=0.98；滚动轴承=0.98；圆柱齿轮传动=0.97；卷筒传动=0.96。 1.11电动机容量的选择工作机所需功率Pw 其中：，得 传动装置的总效率电动机的输出功率因载荷平稳 ，电动机额定功率只需略大于即可，选取电动机额定功率为。 1.12电动机转速的选择滚筒轴工作转速：展开式减速器的传动比为：所以电动机实际转速的推荐值为：符合这一范围的同步转速为1500r/min、3000r/min。综合考虑为使传动装置机
3、构紧凑，选用同步转速3000r/min的电机。型号为Y132S2-2，满载转速，功率7.5。2计算传动装置的运动和动力参数 2.2传动装置的总传动比及其分配 2.11计算总传动比由电动机的满载转速和工作机主动轴转速可确定传动装置应有的总传动比为：=21.9 2.12合理分配各级传动比= 、分别为高速级齿轮传动比和低速齿轮传动比，其中=1.4故 =5.54 =3.96 2.13各轴转速=132.19 2.14各轴的输入功率=5.63kw0.98=5.52kw=5.520.980.97kw=5.25kw=5.250.980.97kw=4.99kw=4.79kw2.15各轴的输入转矩 用公式计算=1
4、8.5=18.2=95.8=360.6=346.3运动和动力参数表项目电动机轴输入轴中间轴输出轴卷筒转轴转速(r/min)29002900732.32132.19132.19功率(kw)5.635.525.254.994.79转矩(N*m)18.518.295.8360.6346.3传动比115.543.961效率10.980.980.970.963传动件设计计算 3.1高速级齿轮计算 3.11选精度等级、材料及齿数材料及热处理；选择小齿轮材料为40Cr（调质），硬度为280HBW，大齿轮材料为45钢（调质），硬度为240HBS，二者材料硬度差为40HBS。精度等级选用8级精度；试选小齿轮齿数
5、z120，大齿轮齿数z292按齿面接触强度设计 确定公式内的各计算数值试选1.6，2.433，1，=0.75+0.818=1.568，=189.8，KHN10.90；KHN20.95=600MPa，S1=1,550MPa，=540MPa,=522.5MPa,=531.25MPa者33.18mm，圆周速度v=2.48，b=33.18mm，=1.61mm，=3.6225mm，=9.159，=1.58计算载荷系数K。 已知载荷平稳，所以取KA=1，=1.14，=1.4，=1.3，故载荷系数 =2.23按实际的载荷系数校正所得的分度圆直径 =37.06mm计算模数 =1.8mm按齿根弯曲强度设计 mn
6、确定计算参数计算载荷系数=2.07查表得=1.58，0.75=z1/cos=20.58 =z2/cos=94.65YFa1=2.568，YFa2=1.8065Ysa1=1.5558；Ysa2=1.8265小齿轮的弯曲疲劳强度极限，大齿轮弯曲强度极限；弯曲疲劳寿命系数=0.90，=0.92，弯曲疲劳安全系数S=1.4， =321.43MPa =249.71MPa计算大、小齿轮的并加以比较=0.0124，=0.0132 大齿轮的数值大。设计计算1.4mm，故取=2mm，已可满足弯曲强度。但为了同时满足接触疲劳强度，需按接触疲劳强度算得分度圆直径=37.06mm来计算应有的齿数。于是由=18.01，
7、取=18，则=81.36，取=81 3.12几何尺寸计算计算中心距=102.88mm 圆整后取103mm按圆整后的中心距修正螺旋角=因值改变不多，故参数、等不必修正。计算大、小齿轮的分度圆直径37.08mm168.92mm计算齿轮宽度 b=37.08mm，圆整后取B2=40mm，B1=45mm。3.2低速级齿轮计算 3.21选精度等级、材料及齿数选择小齿轮材料为40Cr（调质），硬度为280HBS，大齿轮材料为45钢（调质），硬度为240HBS，二者材料硬度差为40HBS。精度等级选用7级精度；试选小齿轮齿数z120，大齿轮齿数z265；初选螺旋角14按齿面接触强度设计 确定公式内的各计算数值
8、试选1.6，2.433，1，=0.75+0.858=1.608，=189.8，KHN10.90；KHN20.95=600MPa，S1=1,550MPa，=540MPa,=522.5MPa,=531.25MPa者54.81mm，圆周速度v=0.957，b=54.81mm，=2.66mm，=5.985mm，=9.157，=1.58计算载荷系数K。 已知载荷平稳，所以取KA=1，=1.15，=1.42，=1.3，故载荷系数 =2.2862按实际的载荷系数校正所得的分度圆直径 =60.98mm计算模数 =2.96mm按齿根弯曲强度设计 mn确定计算参数计算载荷系数=2.093查表得=1.58，0.75
9、=z1/cos=20.58 =z2/cos=66.87YFa1=2.568，YFa2=2.2052Ysa1=1.5558；Ysa2=1.73374小齿轮的弯曲疲劳强度极限，大齿轮弯曲强度极限；弯曲疲劳寿命系数=0.90，=0.92，弯曲疲劳安全系数S=1.4， =321.43MPa =249.71MPa计算大、小齿轮的并加以比较=0.0124473，=0.015310 大齿轮的数值大。设计计算1.989mm，故取=3mm，已可满足弯曲强度。但为了同时满足接触疲劳强度，需按接触疲劳强度算得分度圆直径=60.98mm来计算应有的齿数。于是由=19.75，取=20，则=64.6，取=65 3.22几
10、何尺寸计算计算中心距=131.17mm 圆整后取132mm按圆整后的中心距修正螺旋角=因值改变不多，故参数、等不必修正。计算大、小齿轮的分度圆直径62.12mm201.88mm计算齿轮宽度 b=62.12mm，圆整后取B2=65mm，B1=70mm。4轴的设计计算 4.1II轴初步确定轴的最小直径。选取轴的材料为45钢，调质处理。取=110,于是得=22.67mm 4.11求作用在齿轮上的受力已知大齿轮分度圆直径168.92mm，=，,而=987.45N,=370.18N,=243.64N;小齿轮分度圆直径62.12mm，,2685.13N，=1011.78N，=719.48N因轴承同时受有径
11、向力和轴向力,故选择角接触球轴承7007C。 4.12轴的结构设计拟定轴上零件的装配方案 I-II段轴用于安装轴承7007C，故取直径为35mm。II-III段安装套筒，直径35mm。III-IV段安装小齿轮，直径40mm。IV-V段分隔两齿轮，直径为42mm。V-VI段安装大齿轮，直径为40mm。VI-VIII段安装套筒和轴承，直径为35mm。根据轴向定位的要求确定轴的各段直径和长度I-长度为14mm。III-IV段用于安装小齿轮，为70mm。IV-V段用于隔开两个齿轮，长度为8mm。V-VI段用于安装大齿轮，为40mm。VI-VIII长度为14mm。 4.13求轴上的载荷 A B C D
12、49.5 63 34.5 FNVA FNVD Ft3Ft2 MV MVC FNHA MVB Fa2 FNHD Fr2 Fr3 Fa3 MH T如图受力简图，2685.13+987.45-2012.7=1659.88N，故方向相同。57265.86N=349.42N=292.19N按脉动循环应力考虑，取=0.6按弯扭合成应力校核轴的强度，校核截面B、C。校核B截面由d=40mm，可得校核C截面，轴的材料为45钢，调质处理，由表15-1得，。故安全 4.14精确校核轴的疲劳强度由于截面处受的载荷较大，直径较小，所以为危险截面。 截面的左侧抗弯截面系数抗扭截面系数截面左侧的弯矩M为 截面上的扭矩为
13、截面上的弯曲应力截面上的扭转切应力轴的材料为45钢，调质处理，由表查得、。截面上由于轴肩而形成的理论应力集中系数及按附表查取，因，。经插值后得，。查表有，故有效应力集中系数为综合系数为碳钢的特性系数，取，于是，计算安全系数值，故可知其安全截面的右侧抗弯截面系数W按表15-4的公式计算 抗扭截面系数 弯矩M及弯曲应力为 扭转切应力为过盈配合处的，由附表3-8用插值法求出，并取，于是得 。轴按磨削加工，由附图3-4得表面质量系数为故得综合系数为 所以轴在截面右侧的安全系数为故该轴在截面右侧的强度也是足够的。 4.2I轴初步确定轴的最小直径。选取轴的材料为45钢，调质处理。取=100,于是得=18.
14、92mm该轴上有一键槽，将计算值加大3%，则选择联轴器, 选择LT4联轴器，其,，轴孔直径d=（2028）mm可满足电动机的轴径要求。则，高速轴的最小直径为20mm。 4.21轴的结构设计确定轴上零件的装配方案 a b c d e f g根据轴向定位的要求确定轴的各段直径和长度a.由于联轴器一端连接电动机，另一端连接输入轴，所以该段直径尺寸受到电动机外伸轴直径尺寸的限制，选为20mm。b.考虑到联轴器的轴向定位可靠，定位轴肩高，所以该段直径选为28mm。c.该段轴要安装轴承，考虑到轴肩要有圆角，即该段直径定为30mm。de.该段轴要安装齿轮，而齿轮的齿根圆直径非常接近周端直径，故齿轮就直接做在
15、轴上，此处e轴径定为28mm，前段d轴在无影响齿轮加工的情况下，设为36mm。f.轴肩固定轴承，直径为32mm。g.该段轴要安装轴承，直径定为28mm。各段长度的确定：各段长度的确定从左到右分述如下：a.该段由联轴器孔长决定为50mm，b.该段综合考虑箱体突缘厚度、调整垫片厚度、端盖厚度及联轴器安装尺寸，定为43mm，该段为轴环，宽度不小于7mm，定为11mm。c.该段轴安装轴承和挡油盘，轴承宽13mm，该段长度定为15mm。d.综合考虑取63mm，该段综合考虑齿轮与箱体内壁的距离取13.5mm、轴承与箱体内壁距离取4mm（采用油润滑），轴承宽18.25mm，定为41.25mm。e.该段安装齿
16、轮，要定为75mm，（25+45+5）f.该段5mmG.该段15mm 4.3III轴初步确定轴的最小直径选择联轴器, 选择LT7联轴器，其,，轴孔直径d=（4048）mm可满足电动机的轴径要求。则，高速轴的最小直径为40mm。 A b c d e f g ma.由于联轴器一端连接工作机机，另一端连接输出轴，选为40mm。b.考虑到联轴器的轴向定位可靠，定位轴肩高，所以该段直径选为48mm。c.该段轴要安装轴承，考虑到轴肩要有圆角，即该段直径定为50mm。d.轴定位，轴直径为50mme.齿轮，直径为55mm。f.该段为轴肩，直径定为62mm。G安装套筒，轴直径为50mm，最大为56mmM安装轴承
17、，轴直径为50mm。各段长度的确定：各段长度的确定从左到右分述如下：a. 由于连接联轴器，长度为110mm，c.该段轴要安装轴承，考虑到轴肩要有圆角，即该段直径定为50mm。d.轴定位，轴直径为50mme.齿轮，直径为55mm。f.该段为轴肩，直径定为62mm。G安装套筒，轴直径为50mm，最大为56mmM安装轴承，轴直径为50mm。a. 该段由联轴器孔长决定为50mm，b.该段综合考虑定为35mmc.该段轴安装轴承和挡油盘，定为16mm。d.综合考虑取69mm，e.该段安装齿轮，要定为65mm，f.该段5mmG.该段13mmM该段16mm5滚动轴承的校核 5.1II轴轴承7007C的校核径向
18、力轴向力先初选e=0.4, N e1=0.41 e2=0.517,0.0417,0.0655两次计算值相差不大，故e1=0.41 e2=0.517,当量动载荷 ，轴承1 X1=1，Y1=0， 轴承2 X2=0.44，Y2=1.316,因为p1p2，所以按轴承1的受力大小验算1） 当量载荷,查设计手册得e=0.31由于，所以，。由于为一般载荷，所以载荷系数为，故当量载荷为2） 轴承寿命的校核,查设计手册得Cr=59000N故合适6键联接的选择及校核计算 6.1高速轴上的键联接由轴的设计计算可知所选平键分别为bhL=6640取有轻微冲击，k=0.4h，l=L-b，故键连接的强度足够。 6.2中速轴
19、上的键联接由轴的设计计算可知所选平键分别为bhL=12832 bhL=12856 故键连接的强度足够。 6.3低速轴上的键联接由轴的设计计算可知所选平键分别为bhL=161050 bhL=128100 故键连接的强度足够。7减速器附件的选择通气器由于在室内使用，选通气器（一次过滤），采用M18油面指示器选用游标尺M12起吊装置采用箱盖吊耳、箱座吊耳放油螺塞选用外六角油塞及垫片M88润滑与密封一、 齿轮的润滑 采用浸油润滑二、 滚动轴承的润滑宜开设油沟、飞溅润滑。三、 润滑油的选择齿轮与轴承用同种润滑油较为便利，考虑到该装置用于小型设备，选用L-AN15润滑油。四、 密封方法的选取选用凸缘式端盖
20、易于调整，采用闷盖安装骨架式旋转轴唇型密封圈实现密封。密封圈型号按所装配轴的直径确定轴承盖结构尺寸按用其定位的轴承的外径决定。（英文版 ） easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementation of the and , lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipli
21、ne, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management, strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key
22、departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the and is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardw
23、are. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness,
24、 politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with and . To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor wil
25、l be subject to the supervision of concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to implement , do no
26、t want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attac
27、hed: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out to be a good th
28、ing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have con
29、quered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitud
30、e of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind o
31、f process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Someti
32、mes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Dont always take everything back to things, and dont get into a blind alley, dont w
33、ant to face, dont be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, Im afraid he turned to it as a jo
34、ke to tell dont 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adver
35、sity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize wi
36、th you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear tha
37、t others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open ones mouth, because words will reduce its importance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good things, the original
38、is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also dont envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling
39、 in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, maam, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and go
40、odness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, dont envy him A sum of, dont lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our
41、 persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also cant let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to wast
42、e, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent t
43、wo years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking fee