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1、en marxa, inspecci ha de fer i requereix lacceptaci del mecanisme segons la norma, desprs de lacceptaci de projecte noms pot ser s normal. (3) abans del seu s per a la seguretat dels aparells que usar per fer la divulgaci tcnica necessria i treballar 5 arrange the class (Group) of work, strengthenin
2、g cross-job security. The class (Group) of personnel responsible for safety and health. 5 stop of three-violation has the right to refuse illegal orders. 5 Security Summary of assessors: 1-12-6 comment by Labour Council safety responsibility target content standards of the Gross project 60 minute co
3、nscientiously implement the labor law and company management systems, assist the project manager to better off. 15 to prepare the employment roster to ensure that documents is complete, check the employment situation, identify problems and correct reports to the project manager. 15 assistance projec
4、t manager solve the workers personal protective equipment, protective equipment, and check the usage. 15 assistance in dealing with special types of personnel training, examination and forensic work, ensuring that certified. 151 items 40 to assist project managers and foremen admission of workers ed
5、ucation, stressed the importance of labor safety protection and compliance, discipline. 20 assist with site of special types of personnel training, examination and forensic work, ensuring that certified. 20 safety summary assessment people: appraisal reviews safety leading group leader: sign up for
6、evaluation officers: Note: evaluating and scoring methods according to the scoring method for JGJ59-99 implementation of construction safety inspection standards. Implementation of the responsibility system for production safety assessment form (reference tables) 1-12-7 comment by production team le
7、ader Council time safety responsibility assessment standard Gross project 60 minute organization of the class (Group) for safe operation activities. 15 per day using 15-20 minutes before work to organize the class (Group) to conduct pre-shift safety activities, and make a record. 15 conscientious wo
8、rkers proper safety education and safety technology gives the low-down. 15 organizations of the class (Group) to conduct work safety inspections, to eliminate hidden perils. 40 151 projects implementing the safety management system, the technical specifications for various types of security. 10 chec
9、k the class (Group) of personnel the use of PPE, and punish illegal behavior. 10 implementing security technical disclosure system, and complete the signing procedures. 5 participation in security and safety meetings, report the class (Group) production. 5 arrange the class (Group) of work, strength
10、ening cross-job security. The class (Group) of personnel responsible for safety and health. 5 stop of three-violation has the right to refuse illegal orders. 5 Security Summary assessment people: appraisal reviews safety leading group leader: sign up forcontent from several generations of leaders of
11、 the party constitution and party, especially the important exposition of General Secretary Xi Jinping, and reference to some embody the Chinese nations outstanding traditional culture essence of epigrams. have what innovation and features? Revised adhere to in accordance with rules governing the pa
12、rty and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, Five is higher than it i
13、s proposed that the focus on the expanded to moved to the provisions of the present at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low common requirements. One is closely linked to the honest self-discipline, removal and no direct relationship. Second is to insist on a positive advocat
14、e, eight prohibition 52 allowed the negative list content synchronization amendment disciplinary punishment regulations. For all the party members, the applicable objects from the Party member cadre of leaders of all Party members to fully reflect the overall strictly. Four is to highlight the vital
15、 few , seize the leadership of the party members and cadres of ordinary Party members. Delete complicated on Jane, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is ruling party since the first adhere to a positive advocate, for all members of the self-discipline no
16、rms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National Peoples solemn commitment. How to understand the show the Communists noble moral pursuit comprehensive strictly necessary according to the rules governing the party and party with morals in combination, the de is mainly the p
17、urpose of ideal and faith in the party. The traditional culture of the Chinese nation has always stressed the importance of dependent Germany and France, de treatment ritual order. Partys eighteen years, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China outstanding emphasize the construction of
18、honest politics, so that cadres honest, clean government, political pure brightness, and the party members and cadres honest self-discipline raised the a series of positive requirements. At the same time, from the perspective of the nature of the party, the Communist Party of China is the vanguard o
19、f the Chinese working class, is the vanguard of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, the party as a An advanced political organization, to establish the image of clean and honest, not rot, not rot, do not want to rot in the effective mechanism must strengthen the positive lead, of its members
20、from the front clear clean fingered self-discipline code of conduct. openingManipulator is now used as a industrial robots in use, the control objectives often appear often in industrial automation. Industrial automation technology has gradually matured, as mature a technology line has been rapid de
21、velopment in industrial automation as a separate subject. Manipulator application began to filter into welding, logistics, mechanical processing, and other industries. Especially at high or very low temperatures, full of poisonous gases, high radiation case, robot in similar circumstances showed gre
22、at use also brings great convenience to the staff. Precisely because of this robot to get peoples attention began to be a high degree of development. Labor rates, working conditions, labor intensive aspects of promoting development. Both at home and abroad to develop the PLC (programmable logic cont
23、roller) is in various special circumstances and under special conditions set for mechanical devices. Now turned on the development of the microelectronics automatic control technology and the rapid development of the trains, the success of PLC hardware software and simulation control win big and suc
24、cessful development, now continues to develop as a factory automation standards. Because robots are good development of the technology makes a good optimization of productive capital, and robot shows this unique advantages, such as: has good compatibility, wide availability, hardware is complete, an
25、d programming that can be mastered in a short time, so in the context of industrial PLC applications became ubiquitous. Manipulator in many developed country agriculture and industry has been applied, such as the use of mechanical harvesting large areas of farmland, repeated operations on the high-s
26、peed line that uses a robotic arm, and so on. Today, the high level of automation combined with restrictions on the manipulator development level is slightly lower than the international. The design is mainly arm welding machine by PLC Automation control. This of design let designers on in school by
27、 learn of has a must of consolidation, understand has some usually didnt opportunities awareness in world range within some leading level of knowledge has has must awareness, hope designers can in yihou of design in the can success of using in this design in the proceeds of experience 1.2 manipulato
28、r in both at home and abroad of research profile automation mechanical arm research began Yu 20th century medium-term, after years with with computer and automation technology of development, Makes mechanical arm on the Grand stage of industrial automation and shine, gradually became an industrial e
29、valuation standards, and its importance can be seen. Now original robotic arm spent most of mass production and use on the production line, which is programmed robotic arm. As the first generation of manipulator position control systems main features, although not back several generations that can d
30、etect the external environment, but can still successfully complete like welding, painting, delivery as well as for materials simple movements. Second generation mechanical arms are equipped with sensors and manipulators have the environment there is a certain amount of sense, when the mechanical ar
31、m is to use the program as a basis. Difference is that the robot begand施工作业指导书1、目的对承台和扩大基础施工作业进行控制，使其结果满足设计和施工规范的要求。2、使用范围适用于承台和扩大基础施工工艺，使其处于受控状态。3、职责技术主管负责技术交底书的编制、发放，对工序的实施过程进行控制检查。根据施工进度，提报材料计划。测量班测量后提供有关测量资料。试验室负责原材料的检验，设计配合比、混凝土强度检查、监控指导混凝土施工。物资设备部负责按要求购进原材料（水泥、砂、碎石等）；负责机械设备的配置，机械设备的采购、发放，检查指导机
32、械设备的使用、保养和维修工作。质检工程师负责对整套工序监督检查及抽查。项目队长负责组织施工，对工序过程实施监督检查，协调作业班组之间的关系。模板施工班负责扩大基础或承台开挖、模板工程、混凝土浇注工程施工，钢筋施工班负责钢筋加工、运输、吊装工程施工，混凝土的运输由搅拌站负责。4、技术标准客运专线铁路桥涵工程施工技术指南（TZ2122005）客运专线铁路桥涵工程施工质量验收暂行标准（铁建设2005160号）铁路混凝土工程施工质量验收补充标准（铁建设2005160号）5、资源配置5.1人员负责承台和扩大基础的施工作业人员必须是经过培训、工作熟练的工人，并且具有较高的质量意识。电工、混凝土输送泵司机、
33、罐车司机等特殊工种，必须是经过培训、考试合格，持证上岗。5.2设备 承台、扩大基础施工所需主要设备见下表：序号机械名称规格类型单位数量备注1挖掘机PC220台12装载机ZL50C台23自卸车斯太尔台44砼搅拌运输车8m3台2-35汽车吊25T台16变压器S9-315个17发电机GF120个18电焊机BX1-315台29对焊机DN-100台110钢筋切断机GQ40B台111钢筋弯曲机GW-40B台112拌合站HZS50E个15.3材料技术主管负责按施工进度要求提供月材料计划。物资设备部根据材料计划，组织进料。试验室接到材料室通知后立即组织取样试验工作，对无说明书和出厂合格证的产品则有权拒绝试验，
34、并上报项目部工程部。5.3.1 水泥选择水泥品种的原则如下：混凝土应优先选用硅酸盐水泥和普通硅酸盐水泥，当环境水对混凝土有侵蚀性时，应经试验选择其它水泥。水泥品质应符合现行的国家标准，固定厂家供应。运至工地的水泥，应有厂家产品试验报告，试验室必须进行复验，必要时还应进行化学分析，水泥品质的试验按现行的国家标准进行。5.3.2 骨料a、 骨料应根据优质经济，就地取材的原则进行选择，可选用天然骨料、人工骨料或两者互相补充。b、 骨料的堆存和运输应符合下列要求：（1） 堆存骨料的场地，应有良好的排水设施，严禁相互混杂。（2） 不同粒径骨料必须分别堆放，设置隔离设施，以防相互混杂。（3） 骨料堆放时，
35、不宜堆成斜坡或锥体，以防产生分离。（4） 应避免泥土混入骨料和骨料的严重破碎。（5） 骨料的堆存应做好产品标识和检验试验状态标识。5.3.3 水a、 凡适用于饮用的水，均可以拌制和养护混凝土，未经处理的工业水，不得用以拌制和养护混凝土。b、 天然矿化水，如果化学成分符合表中的规定，可以用来拌制和养护混凝土。c、 对拌制和养护混凝土的水质有怀疑时，应及时进行水质检定。5.3.4 外加剂a、 外加剂的掺量由试验确定。b、 如需提高混凝土的早期强度，宜在混凝土中掺加早强剂。c、 外加剂必须与水混合，配制成一定浓度的溶液，搅拌均匀后使用，各种成分要计量准确。5.3.5钢筋钻孔桩用钢筋的品种应符合下列现
36、行国家标准的规定：低碳钢热轧圆盘条（GB701）钢筋混凝土用热轧光圆钢筋(GB13013)钢筋混凝土用热轧带肋钢筋(GB1499)6、工艺操作步骤6.1流程如图所示6.2施工工艺最上层扩大基础相当于桩基础的承台，以下均只提到承台，扩大基础施工和承台施工方法基本完全一致。6.2.1基坑开挖采用机械开挖配以人工修整的方案。开挖时基底留0cm人工开挖，减小对原状土的挠动。基坑严禁超挖，如有超挖，必须用级配碎石回填至设计基底标高并夯实。采用加大基坑开挖尺寸，四周设排水沟和集水坑潜水泵抽水的方案，防止基坑开挖之后地下水渗入造成基坑积水，排水沟深30cm，集水坑深50cm。不间断抽水，保持基底无积水、无浮
37、泥，满足承台施工的需要。基坑开挖，放坡坡度为1：0.5。施工时按照先下后上的顺序进行，例如武汉台一侧先进行2号墩承台的施工，2号墩承台完成以后再进行3号墩承台的施工，3号墩承台基坑开挖时，弃土应置于成型后基坑外侧米处堆放，不得放置在2号墩与3号墩之间，最后进行0号台承台的施工，在对0号台承台基坑开挖时，弃土应置于成型基坑右侧米以外处堆放，不得放置在0号台与1号墩之间。堆放不下时，做弃土外运至弃土场。1.凿除桩头砼（对于最下层扩大基础没有凿除桩头砼和桩基检测的内容，最上层扩大基础相当于桩基础的承台。）基坑开挖至设计底标高后，超挖20cm用凿出桩头的砼均匀撒布于基底，以利排水并提高基底的地基承载力
38、，将破坏的桩头锚固钢筋调直、补充完整。浇注封底砼前，对嵌入封底砼的桩头侧面进行凿毛和清洗处理，保证二者结合良好。2. 桩基检测凿除桩头砼以后即组织进行桩基检测，检测结果及时上报监理，并申请抽检。3.注意事项a）承台基坑开挖前准备好彩条布及其它相关防雨设施，并在基坑的外轮廓线50cm处筑好挡水埝；b）基坑开挖连续进行，人工找平至设计标高后立即组织下一道工序施工，防止基坑长期暴露和扰动；c）基坑开挖过程中经常检查基坑边坡稳定性和开挖深度。d) 基坑开挖专职安全员全过程旁站检查安全情况，杜绝隐患4.承台封底为便于承台立模，封底砼尺寸较设计每边增加30cm。因其厚度较小（20 cm），用20 cm宽组
39、合钢模做为承台封底砼模板，封底砼数量较少，直接采用输送泵浇注混凝土。灌注时全断面自左向右一次成型，为保证封底砼密实性，在振动棒振捣后，其表面用平板振动器振捣初平。人工配以3米靠尺精平，用木抹二次收浆，等终凝后及时覆盖草袋并洒水养护。6.2.2钢筋施工首先对承台位置进行测量放样，用墨线弹出承台轮廓线，然后在其上标出纵横钢筋位置，一次绑扎成型。第一层钢筋网绑扎好以后，在钢筋网底部放置10cm10cm10cm砼垫块，将底部钢筋垫起，垫块呈梅花形放置，间距为1m一个。接着绑扎第二层钢筋网片，第二层绑扎好后，在第一层与第二层之间焊接（16钢筋）支撑钢筋，将一、二层钢筋网片撑起，焊接时按梅花形布置，每80
40、cm一根，保证第二层钢筋网片有足够的强度，在绑扎上层钢筋时可以满足施工人员行走不变形。要保证每层钢筋网片绑扎的顺直度、间距、保护层及同一截面焊接接头等项目确保合格，检验合格后即可绑扎架立筋。为了更好控制砼裂缝，承台砼施工时，增设防裂钢筋，防裂钢筋为承台侧面及顶面设置20cm20cm12螺纹钢筋网片，钢筋净保护层5cm，承台4个侧面净保护层厚度为5cm。墩身预留钢筋，在绑扎前定出墩身中心线，深入承台内部的钢筋焊接在承台钢筋上固定，承台与墩身接合处的钢筋用钢筋定好位，防止保护层不够的现象出现，露出承台的钢筋用钢管架固定。墩身预留钢筋时，同一截面长短交错布置，保证墩身接头在同一截面数量小于35%，且
41、接头间距不小于1.0m，钢筋预留长度要满足第一次浇筑墩身的要求，承台钢筋接长均采用闪光对焊。6.2.3模板施工承台施工采用大块定型钢模板，加固模板采用内拉外撑的方法。根据钢筋网布置情况，设2层拉筋，拉筋的水平间距每1.0米布置一道，拉筋引出模板外用螺栓加固。在拉筋外露处加垫方木。外部顶撑在模板1.5米高度内布置两道，梅花形设置间距1米。模板四周用钢管连接加固，用20cm15cm方木支顶于基坑壁，确保浇筑过程中模板结构整体稳定性。模板表面清除干净，均匀涂刷脱模剂，脱模剂采用色拉油，模板缝间采用橡胶条填塞，防止漏浆。 6.2.4承台砼浇注 承台一次性浇注施工。承台砼浇注方量较大，为保证连续施工，在
42、施工前进行严密的组织。施工中采用的主要机械为：一台砼输送泵，4台砼运输罐车。承台砼浇注前首先用高压水冲洗模板，再用空压机将模板内部的杂物吹净。为了保证墩身位置处砼的密实性和均匀性，采取如下浇注顺序：首先浇注承台墩身预埋钢筋位置处；然后浇注两侧，砼浇注时按30cm厚度分层浇注。浇注过程中配备条插入式振动棒，振捣时间控制在11s16s。振动棒与侧模保持不小于10cm间距，防止因其振动扰动模板。对施工人员进行详细技术交底和现场指导工作，对施工人员指定具体振捣范围，明确责任，互相监督，严防漏振、过振现象，严格控制分层厚度，视混凝土布料厚度及时移动泵管，严禁出现砼堆积现象。施工中将会出现不同程度的泌水，
43、及时将产生的泌水和浮浆清除，防止其影响砼的质量，在模板的两侧设置小孔洞，将产生的浮浆及时排出模板外后，再行堵塞，浇注过程中专职质检工程师全过程旁站。在拌和过程中严格控制拌和时间不小于1.5Min，确保砼均匀，砼灌车运输过程中应不停搅拌，确保砼均匀一致。砼浇注至设计标高后，人工配以3米靠尺精平，木抹二次收浆并做压光处理，墩身位置用木抹抹平即可，防止砼表面产生收缩裂缝，砼达到终凝后即用双层草袋和一层毛毡覆盖及时洒水养护，养护期不得少于28天。(1) 因砼浇注方量较大，施工前认真检查拌和设备、并进行调试，保证施工过程连续。(2) 对施工人员进行技术交底，熟悉施工工序，互相监督，防止出现漏振、过振现象
44、(3) 严格控制分层厚度及前后两层浇注距离，禁止有堆积现象。(4) 钢筋密集，在施工中严格控制砼的振捣质量，保证其密实性和均匀性。(5) 砼终凝后及时覆盖两层草袋养护，防止砼产生收缩裂缝。(6) 预留墩身钢筋定位精确， 提前预埋固定及调整墩身模板需要的缆风绳预埋件。6.3承台砼施工应严格注意以下事项：因承台截面尺寸较大，有可能导致混凝土内部温度较高，而产生温度裂缝。在承台竖直方向上布设两道散热管，并主要从混凝土养护、原材料质量控制、配合比选取（推迟温度峰值出现的时间，提高相应龄期抗拉强度）、严格控制拆模时间等方面来控制混凝土质量，以达到避免或减少温度裂缝的产生。(1) 尽量降低承台混凝土受约束
45、作用因承台混凝土在浇注完成后要受到封底混凝土及钻孔灌注桩桩头锚固筋约束的作用，在混凝土浇注初期其弹性模量低，有可能在底部产生收缩裂缝，为尽量减少承台混凝土受约束作用，在浇注封底混凝土完成后对表面进行压光处理。(2) 水泥的选用采用郴州金磊水泥有限公司生产的金磊牌P.O42.5普硅水泥，并掺入适量粉煤灰。(3) 掺入外加剂使用高效缓凝减水剂，严格控制掺量：每盘拌合用量按配合比提前称量好，搅拌时投入料斗搅拌均匀，保证减水剂的缓凝时间，液体缓凝剂在拌和站一定要搅拌均匀，确保缓凝剂加入量一致。严格控制混凝土搅拌时间：搅拌时间较以前适当延长，保证混凝土拌合均匀，外加剂能够完全反应，搅拌时间须保证120秒
46、。(4) 粗细骨料级配控制减少砂率：选用2.93.0，砂率降低为38%；采用合理的混合级配粗骨料：516mm细骨料占50%，1631.5mm骨料占50%。尽可能减少用水量和水泥用量，施工中严格控制粗细骨料的含泥量，提高混凝土的均匀性，增加抗裂能力。(5) 选择合理的浇筑时间建立专门网络气象站，可以了解每天、周、旬的气象资料，将承台施工避开阴雨、大风等恶劣天气。选择一天气温度较低的时间开始施工，降低了混凝土的入模温度。(6)降低入模温度降低入模温度是控制峰值的最有效措施，施工中对砂石料的温度采取遮阳棚覆盖，拌和采用井水，同时对输送泵泵管严格包裹洒水,以利降温。(7) 合理布置散热管 施工过程以便
47、科学合理的通过温度应变片测量的数据进行分析处理。a)散热管的布置为降低混凝土内部温度，在承台内部设置两道散热管，在浇注完混凝土后对承台散热管通水散热，水流速度按设计图纸要求不小于15L/h。b)测温设备为准确测量并便于操作，采用温度应变片测量混凝土内部温度，因为承台平面为矩形,在平面布置温度应变片时考虑对称性,布置四分之一平面，并对温度应变片编号做记录（温度应变片具体位置见附图）。c)测温记录15天每2小时测温一次；614天每4小时测温一次；14天后视温度变化情况随时调整；记录填写数据，同时进行温度曲线测绘，分析温度变化情况；混凝土温度采集内容主要包括混凝土入模温度，每个温度应变片处的混凝土内部温度，草袋内温度，草袋外温度（即外界气温），散热管进出水温度，按频率测量数据。温度曲线绘制每一测点内部温度随时间变化曲线；同一竖向截面上，温度沿高度变化曲线；同一高度（厚度）测点沿承台水平截面温度变化曲线；外界气温随时间变化曲线；数据处理所有温度测量数据的采集设专人负责，保证所测数据的准确性、真实性，根据所测数据分析混凝土内部温度变化情况，调整散热管进出水温度。d)通水散热