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1、管道排水施工流程及控制要点（二）、施工要求 1 管道选材及接口：在车行道下的雨水，污水管道均采用级承插式钢筋混凝土排水管；在其他地面下的排水管道，当管顶覆土大于4.0米时，采用承插式钢筋混凝土排水管，管顶覆土小于4.0米时,采用级承插式钢筋混凝土排水管。雨水管为水泥砂浆接口，污水管道采用沥青油膏接口。 2 管道基础：根据95S615标准图要求，当管顶覆土为0.73.5米时，做120混凝土基础（95S222-5）；管顶覆土4.06.0米时，做180混凝土基础（95S222-6）；施工中沟槽应采取适当的排水措施防止基土扰动，遇到软弱地基再另作处理。 3 雨污水预留管：雨污水预留管除注明者外均为d6
2、00，污水过路管均为 d300。 4 雨水口：路口雨水交汇处一般设偏沟式双箅雨水口,线路段设偏沟式单箅雨水口,雨水口采用铸铁箅圈,箅子,并应设混凝土边框.雨水口深度为1米。雨水连接管单箅、双箅分别采用DN200，DN300，并均以i=0.02坡向雨水检查井。 5 管道回填 基槽回填土的密实度要求不得低于下列数值： 胸腔填土重型90% 管顶以上0.5米范围内重型85%（要求用木夯夯实） 管顶上部0.5米以上至路面回填土部分按道路要求回填。 （三）、施工方法 施工主要工艺流程为：沟槽开挖基坑支护地基处理基础施工管道安装基坑回填土。根据施工安排采取平行流水作业，避免沟槽开挖后暴露过久，引起沟槽坍塌，
3、同时可充分利用开挖土进行基坑回填，以减少施工现场的土方堆积和土方外运数量。雨水管道施工工艺和方法如下： 管沟开挖:根据现况管线的分布和实际地质情况，拟采用人工配合机械开挖的方法。人工填土层用机械开挖和人工开挖，分别采用:0.25和1:0.33的放坡系数，开挖沟底宽，应比管道构筑物横断面最宽处侧加宽0.5米，以保证基础施工和管道安装有必要的操作空间， 开挖弃土应随挖随运，以免影响交通；场地开阔处，开挖弃土应置于开挖沟槽上边线1.0米以外，以减少坑壁荷载，保持基坑壁稳定；沟槽开挖期间应加强标高和中线控制测量，以防超挖。当人工开挖沟槽深度超过2.0米且地质情况较差时，需对坑壁进行支撑(详见沟槽开挖及
4、支撑方案图)。当采用机械开挖至设计基底标高以上0.2米时，应停止机械作业，改用人工开挖至设计标高。 地基处理:管沟开挖完毕，按规定对基底整平，并清除沟底杂物，如遇不良地质情况或承载力不符合设计要求应及时与甲方、设计、监理单位协商，根据实际情况分别采用重锤夯实，换填灰土、填筑碎石、排水、降低水位等方法处理。经检查符合设计及有关规定要求后及时施工基础以封闭基坑。 钢筋混凝土管基础采用135和180砼带状基础，钢筋砼管枕，基础砼标号为10。砼基础施工时采用现场立模浇筑。 管道安装:管道安装应首先测定管道中线及管底标高，安装时按设计中线和纵向排水坡度在垂直和水平方向保持平顺，无竖向和水平挠曲现象。雨水
5、管为水泥砂浆接口，污水管及d1000的雨水管为钢丝网水泥砂浆接口。管道安装时，管道接口要密贴，接口与下管应保持一定距离，防止接口振动。管道安装前应先检查管材是否破裂，承插口内外工作面是否光滑。 回填:回填前应排除积水，并保护接口不受损坏。回填填料符合设计及有关规定要求，施工中可与沟槽开挖、基础处理、管道安装流水作业，分段填筑，分段填筑的每层应预留0.3米以上与下段相互衔接的搭接平台。 管道两侧和检查井四周应同时分层、对称回填夯实。管道胸腔，部分采用人工或蛙式打夯机(基础较宽)每层0.15米厚分层填筑夯实，管顶以上采用蛙式打夯机，每层0.3米厚分层填筑夯实,回填密实度严格按回填土的压实度标准执行
6、。 管道开挖和支撑方案如下图所示。 （四）、排水管道的闭水试验 排水管道闭水试验是在试验段内灌水，井内水位不低于管顶经上2m（一般以一个井段为一段），然后，在规定的时间里，观察管道的渗水量是否符合标准。 试验前，用1:3水泥砂浆将试验段两井内的上游管口砌24cm厚的砖堵头，并用1:2.5砂浆抹面，将管段封闭严密。当堵头砌好后，养护34d达到一定强度后，方可进行灌水试验。灌水前，应先对管接口进行外观检查，如抹带有裂缝，脱落等缺陷，以便及时进行修补，以防灌水时发生漏水而影响试验。 漏水时，窨井边应设临时行人便桥，以保证灌水及检查渗水量等工作时的安全。严禁站在井壁上口操作，上下沟槽必须设置立梯、戴上
7、安全帽，并预先对沟壁的土质、支撑等进行检查，如有异常现象应及时排除，以保证闭水试验过程中的安全。 （五）、工艺和安全要求 管道安装前，宜将管、管件按施工设计的规定摆放，摆放的位置应便于起吊及运送，起重机下管时，起重机架设的位置不得影响沟槽边坡的稳定。 管道安装应采用专用工具起吊，装卸时应轻装轻放，运输时应稳、绑牢、不得相互撞击；管节堆放宜选择使用方便，平整、坚实的场地，堆放时应垫稳，堆放层高应符合有关规定，使用管节时必须自上而下依次搬运。 管道应在沟槽地基，管基质量检验合格后安装，安装时宜自下游开始，承口朝向施工前进的方向，管节下入沟槽时，不得与槽壁支撑及槽下的管道相互碰撞，沟内运管不得扰动天
8、然地基。 管道采用天然地基时，地基不得受扰动；槽底为坚硬地基时，管身下方应铺设砂垫层，其厚度须大于150mm；与槽底地基土质局部遇有松软地基，流沙等，应与设计单位商定处理措施。 管道安装时，应将管节的中心及高程逐节调整正确，安装后的管节应进行复测，合格后方可进行下一工序的施工。 管道安装时，还应随时清扫管道中的杂物，管道暂时停止安装时，两端应临时封堵。 雨期施工时必须采取有效措施，合理缩短开槽长度，及时砌筑检查井，暂时中断安装的管道应临时封堵，已安装的管道验收后应及时回填土；做好槽边雨水径流疏导路线的设计，槽内排水及防止漂管事故的应急措施；雨天不得进行接口施工。 新建管道与已建管道连接时，必须
9、先检查已建管道接口高程及平面位置后，方可开挖。 给水管道上采用的闸阀，安装前应进行启闭检验，并宜进行解体检验。 沿直线安装管道时，宜选用管径公差组合最小的管节组对连接，接口的环向间隙应均匀，承插口间的纵向间隙不应小于3mm。 闸阀安装应牢固、严密、启用灵活、与管道直线垂直。 钢筋混凝土管节安装前应进行外观检查，发现裂缝、保护层脱落、空鼓、接口掉角等缺陷，应进行修补并经鉴定合格后，方可使用。 管座砼采用分层浇筑，管座平基混凝土抗压强度应大于5.0N/mm2，方可进行安管。管节安装前应将管内外清扫干净，安装时应使管节内底高程符合设计规定，调整管节中心及高程时，必须垫稳，两侧设撑杆，不得发生滚动，管
10、节中心，高程复验合格后，应及时浇筑管座砼。 钢筋砼管安装时，插口进入承口后，应将管节接口环向间隙调整均匀，再用水泥砂浆填满、捣实、表面抹平，接口必须平直，填料密实，饱满、表面平整、不得有裂缝现象。 检查井底基础与管道基础同时浇筑，排水管检查井内的流槽，宜与井壁同时砌筑，表面采用水泥砂浆分层压实抹光，流槽应与上下游管道底部接顺。 给水管道的井室安装闸阀时，井底距承口或法兰盘的下缘不得小于100mm，井壁与承口或法兰盘外缘距离不应小于250mm（DN400mm）。 井室砌筑应同时安装踏步，位置应准确，踏步安装后，在砌筑砂浆未达到规定的强度前不得踩踏，砌筑检查井时还应同时安装预留支管，预留支管的管径
11、、方向、高程、应符合设计要求，管与井壁衔接处应严密，预留支管的管口宜采用低强度等级的水泥砂浆砌筑封口抹平。 检查井接入的管口应与井内壁平齐，当接入管径大于300mm时应砌砖圈加固，圆形检查井砌筑时，应随时检测直径尺寸，当四面收口，每层收进不应大于30mm，当偏心收口时，每层收进不应大于50mm。 砌筑检查井、雨水口的内壁应采用水泥砂浆勾缝，内壁抹面应分层压实，外壁应采用水泥砂浆搓缝挤压密实。 检查井及雨水口砌筑至设计标高后，应及时浇筑或安装顶板、井圈、盖好井盖。 雨期砌筑检查井及雨水口时，应一次砌起，为防止漂管，可在侧墙底部预留进水孔，回填土前应封堵。 雨水口位置应符合设计要求，不得歪扭，井圈
12、与井墙吻合，井圈与道路边线相邻边的距离应相等，雨水管的管口应与井墙平齐。 管道施工完毕，在回填土前，雨水管道则应采用闭水法进行严密性试验，试验可分段进行，管道试验合格后，方可进行土方回填。 回填土时，槽底至管顶以上50cm范围内不得含有机物及大于50mm的砖、石等硬块，应分层回填，分层夯实，每层厚度不得大于250mm，回填土的密实度必须满足有关要求。 （英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditio
13、ns, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality
14、 is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from f
15、our square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces t
16、wo party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party memb
17、ers and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our p
18、redecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session o
19、f the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on
20、revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too compl
21、icated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party disciplin
22、e, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgatio
23、n and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions a
24、nd criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; thir
25、d is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the
26、 majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the
27、Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision.
28、The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to
29、part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and
30、 Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministri
31、es and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent re
32、viewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations
33、. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Com
34、mittee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is:
35、 first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no
36、 side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party
37、must follow the general rules, but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party co
38、nstitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and
39、 beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standard
40、s. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe
41、moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the di
42、scipline to make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace rea
43、chs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for
44、at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from
45、 low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is
46、for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward
47、higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National Peoples solemn commitment. criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words.