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7、aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 1 目目 录录 第一章第一章 总论总论 1 一、编写依据 1 二、项目背景和实施目的 1 三、项目基本情况和能耗现状 5 四、编制原则 7 五、遵循的标准规范 7 六、技术路线 7 七、研究结论 8 第二章第二章 自然条件和社会条件自然条件和社会条件 8 一、地理位置 10 二、自然条件 10 三、交通运输 11 第三章第三章 污水余热回收利用工程污水余热回收利用工程 12 一、联合站现状12 二、建设的必要性16 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)S
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14、、污水余热回收利用方案22 第四章第四章 节能节能 30 一、综合能耗分析30 二、节能措施31 第五章第五章 环境保护环境保护 32 一、环境现状32 二、主要污染源和污染物32 三、污染控制措施32 四、效果及评价32 第六章第六章 劳动安全卫生劳动安全卫生 33 一、职业危害分析33 二、职业危害防护33 第七章第七章 组织定员组织定员 34 第八章第八章 项目实施进度安排项目实施进度安排 35 一、项目实施阶段35 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpa
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20、ts(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 3 二、项目实施进度35 第九章第九章 投资估算投资估算 36 一、编制依据36 二、编制说明36
21、三、投资估算36 第十章第十章 经济评价经济评价 37 一、经济评价说明37 二、基础数据31 三、成本与费用估算31 四、收入估算38 五、财务评价38 六、不确定性分析38 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.Para
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27、aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 1 第一章第一章 总总 论论 一、编写依据一、编写依据 1、 大港油田公司 2009 年节能改造项目建议计划论证报告 。 2、 大港油田分公司“十一五”后三年及“十二五”勘探与生产业务发展规划 。 二、项目背景和实施目的二、项目背景和实施目的 （一）（一）项目背景项目背景 我国早在 2004 年国家节能中长期专项规划中，把建筑节能和余热余压利用 作
28、为节能的重点领域和重点工程之一。在 2006 年中华人民共和国国民经济和社会 发展第十一个五年规划纲要中明确提出， “十一五”期间单位国民生产总值能耗要降 低 20%左右，主要污染物排放总量要减少 10%。为确保“十一五”期间节能减排工作 的决定，制定下发了一系列与节能减排相配套的政策措施。并在“十一五”十大重 点节能工程实施意见中进一步指出：“开展再生能源技术城市级示范活动，探索推 广机制和模式，包括太阳能利用、淡水源热泵、海水源热泵、浅层地能利用和可再 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.Paragr
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34、pacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoction.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 2 生能源技术集成等。 中国石油天然气集团公司在“十一五”期间，通
35、过实施“十大节能工程”和“十大减 排工程”，全面推进节能减排工作。 大港油田 2008 年正在制定的大港油田分公司“十一五”后三年及“十二五”勘探 与生产业务发展规划中明确提出“运用热泵等相关配套余热回收技术，可将部分污 水余热进行回收，用于采暖和外输加温，有效减低用于原油外输及采暖的燃油（气） 消耗，达到节能的目的”。 现在孔店联合站有含油污水 5700m3/d，其中回注量 2400m3/d，掺水 300m3/d， 外排 3000m3/d。外排温度在 47-50之间，这些污水的余热未经任何利用，就进行了 回注和外排，造成了大量热能的浪费。同时该站气量低，加热系统每天燃烧 10-12t 原油，
36、占孔店日产原油 300t 的 3-4%，原油商品率低。 （二）热泵技术现状（二）热泵技术现状 针对孔店油田加热系统现状我们进行了水源热泵技术的查询和现场调研。 “热泵”这一术语是借鉴“水泵”一词得来。在自然环境中，水往低处流动，热向 Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPointselection.ParagraphFormat.LineSpacingLinesToPoints(2)Selection.ParagraphFormat.Li
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42、(2)Selection.ParagraphFaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaahF 3 低温位传递。水泵将水从低处泵送到高处利用。而热泵可将低温位热能“泵送”（交 换传递）到高温位提供利用。 热泵系统，六十年代开始在美国提出之后，已经在北美建筑中应用了 40 多年， 日本的东京、名古屋、横滨等城市在七十年代初就有很多采用热泵系统的工程实例， 例如，东京镰仓河岸大厦、平和东京大
43、厦等。北欧在热泵方面的应用比较领先，现 在整个北欧有 180 多台大型热泵在运行。国内，北京已有近 800 万平方米的居民小 区建筑和公共建筑采用热泵系统供热，像北京武警学院、菊儿小区等。 现在水源热泵技术已经较为成熟，热泵机组制热温度达到 60-90，根据驱动 方式不同分为电力或天然气（蒸汽）驱动。其中天然气驱动的吸收式热泵机组能效 比为 1.9 左右，在增加少量耗电的情况下，利用石油及石化行业的零散天然气作为动 力，提取污水中充足的低品位热源，节约燃煤或燃油，减少能源消耗，减少烟尘和 氮氧化物排放量，降低运行费用。 1、吸收式水源热泵调研数据 吸收式水源热泵调研地点胜利石油管理局胜南社区管
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