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1、fact? Is it something that people believe? No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact.Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opino
2、ion is not good evidence in a trail. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right.In a trail, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses
3、to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence.Big F
4、eng to the rescueHis friends and family call him “Big Feng” because he is bery tall and played basketball as a young man. But he is also big in a different way he fights hard to protect Chinas past. His real name is Feng Jicai and he has written many novels about life in China. Several years ago, ho
5、wever, he put down his pen for a while and began to protect the cltural relics in Tianjin, where he lives. Once someon asked him why he no longer wrote. He replied that at the moment he felt protecting cultural relics was more important. Feng loves his hometown. He believes that old things must be g
6、iven a plave next to new thins, or people will soon forget ther great past. He does not make speeches to get others to help him in his projects. Instead he goes out and does what he can himeself. If others follow him, so much the better. One of his biggest projects was to protect the oldest street i
7、n Tianjin. Along that street some shops had done business for seven hundred years. Althought the city government rebuilt this street, they did save its oldest building. Another project was more successful: he persuaded the city government to buy some land in the centre of the city so it could not be
8、 sold for businesses. This area is very improtant for the history of Tianjin. It was here that the city was first built during the Song Dynasty. Later many treasures were found here.To Feng, digging down in to the earth is like reading page after page of a book. Each dynasty found in the earth is li
9、ke an interesting story. Not long ago he and other writers and artists took photos of the old parts of Tianjin. The photos were put into a book which was very popular. The money from the book helps his prjects. Once, and old man asked Feng to sign a book for him, saying he would give it to his grand
10、son who was not yet born. Feng was glad to do it - he knows that he past is not only for us to enjoy but also for the children of the future.Unit 2An interviewPausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2000 year ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th ,2007 to find out about the present-day Ol
11、ympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympics Games.P: My name is Pausanias. I lived in what you call “ Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. Ive come to your time to find out about the present-day Olympic Games because I know th
12、at in 2004 they were held in my homeland. May I ask you some questions about themodern Olympics?L: Good heavens! Have reallycome from so long ago? But of course you can ask any questions you like. What would you like to know?P: How often do you hold your Games?L: Every four years. There are two main
13、 sets of Gamesthe Winter and the Summer Olympics, and both are held every four years on a regular basis. The Winter Olympics are usually held two years before the Summer Games. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. They may come from anyw
14、here in the world.P: Winter Games? How can the runners enjoy competing in winter? And what about the horses?L: Oh no! There are no running races or horse riding events. Instead there are competitions like skiing and ice skating which need snow and ice. Thats why theyre called the Winter Olympics. It
15、s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.P: I see. Earlier you said that athletes are invited from all over the world. Do you mean the Greek world? Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for the honour of winn
16、ing. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!L: Nowadays any country can take part if their athletes are good enough. There are over 250 sports and each one has its own standard. Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and
17、P: Please wait a minute! All those events, all those countries and even women taking part! Where are all the athletes housed?L: For each Olympics, a special village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as well.P: Thats sounds ver
18、y expansive. Does anyone want to host the Olympic Games?L: As a matter of fact,every country wants the opportunity. Its a great responsibility but also a great honour to be chosen. Theres as much competitions among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. The 2008 Olympics will be he
19、ld in Beijing.P: Oh yes! You must be very proud. L: Certainly. And after that the 2012 Olympics will be held in London. They have already started planning for it. A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums will be built to the east of London. New medals will be designed of course and P: Did
20、 you say medals? So even the olive wreath has been replaced! Oh dear! Do you compete for prize money too?L: No, we dont. Its still all about being able to run faster, jumper higher and throw further. Thats the motto of the Olympics, you know“ Swifter, Higher and Stronger.”P: Well, thats a good news.
21、 How interesting! Thank you so much for your time.The story of AtlantaAtlanta was a Greek princess. She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece. But she was not allowed to run and win glory for herself in the Olympic Games. She was so angry that she said to her farther that sh
22、e would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her. Her father said that she must marry, so Atlanta made a bargain with him. She said to him, “ These are my rules. When a man says he wants to marry me, I will run against him. If he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed. No one will be
23、pardoned.”Many kings and princes wanted to marry Atlanta, but when they heard of her rules they knew it was hopeless. So many of them sadly went home, but others stayed to run the race. There was a man called Hippomenes who was amazed when he heard of Atlantas rules, “ Why are these men so foolish?”
24、 hethought. “ Why will they let themselves be killed because they cannot run as fast as this princess?” However, when he saw Atlanta come out of her house to run, Hippomenes changed his mind. “ I will marry Atlantaor die !“ he said.The race started and although the man ran very fast, Atlanta ran fas
25、ter. As Hippomenes watched he thought, “ How can I run as fast as Atlanta?” He went to ask the Greek Goddess of Love for help. She promised to help him and gave him three golden apples. She said, “ Throw an apple in front of Atlanta when she is running past. When she stops to pick it up, you will be
26、 able to run past her and win.” Hippomenes took the apples and went to the King. He said, “ I want to marry Atlanta.” The King was sad to see another man die, but Hippomenes said, “ I will marry her or die!” So the race began.Three inspiring stories about the Olympic Games1. The kind NorwegianThere
27、is a cross-country skiing race which is part of the Winter Olympics. In 2006 a Canadian skier, Sara Renner, was taking part in the cross-country final when her left pole broke. This was a serious problem as she needed the pole to help her travel quickly through the deep snow. Immediately Bjornar Hak
28、ensmoen , the coach of the Norwegian team, gave her another pole. So Renner was able to get a silver medal. Hakensmoen said that he had only behaved as any good sportsman should, but Sara said that Hakensmoen had shown everybody the true meaning of sport.2. The Special Olympic athleteFor athlete Eri
29、c Williams gold medals are nice, but good sportsmanship is more important. Eric has a low mental ability but this does not stop him from taking apart in the Olympics. In 2005 Eric competed in running races and the long jump. He said, “ Ive been competing in the Special Olympics ever since I was at h
30、igh school. Its really a good experience. You get to meet different athletes and volunteers and make all kinds of friends. “ John Corbett, an organizer of the Special Olympics said, “ He always does his best and has a wonderful time in the progress. He truly appreciates all the people around him who
31、 are trying to help, and he makes that appreciation known. “ Lets hope Eric wins more medals in the next Special Olympics!3. The stubborn AfricanIn 1968 a Kenyan athlete Kip Keino competed in the 1500 metres running race. At that time he was very ill and in great pain. Although he had reached the st
32、andard for the final of the race he decided at first not to take part. However, just before the race was going to start he changed his mind. He ran from his room and arrived at the race track a few minutes before the race was about to begin. Surprisingly, he won the race, finishing well ahead of eve
33、ryone else and showing what true courage and perseverance can achieve. It was no wonder that Kip Keino became the only Kenyan sportsman ever to appear on the cover of the world famous sports magazine Sports illustrated.Unit 3WHO AM I?Over time I have changed quite a lot.I began as a calculating mach
34、ine in France in 1642.Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums.I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Baggage.After I was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes,I could “thing”logically and produce
35、an answer quicker than any person.At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my “artifical intelligence”.In 1936 my real father,Alan Turing,wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine”to solve any difficult mathematical problem.From then on,
36、I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.By the 1940s I hd grownas large as a room , and I wonderes if I would grow第一单元 乐趣单元备课：本单元以“乐趣”为主题，编排了三篇精读课文和两篇课外阅读。通过学习，使学生懂得：热爱生活，就能享受生活之趣，热爱自然，就能体会到自然之乐。养花教学目标：1、 使学生在教学活动中能体会到乐趣所在，有所感悟。2、有感情地朗读课文，使学生体会作者心情，能将作者高兴处读出。3、找到你最能体会作者心境的句子，说说你是怎么感受到的。4、在阅读活动
37、中感受到学习的乐趣。教学重点： 知道课文所要表达的中心是什么及养花带来的乐趣，有感情地朗读课文。教学难点： 理解课文内容，体会作者从养花中得到的乐趣，培养热爱生活、健康向上的思想感情。教具准备：多媒体课件、录音机。教学过程：第一课时一、创设情境 生活中有许多有趣的事，要用细心的人能够将他们记录。有的时候自己高兴的事儿，越回味越觉得心情愉快，非常想告诉他人，今天这么高兴的人就是老舍。现在让我们一起去分享他的快乐吧！板书：13养花。二、介绍老舍、老舍养花 (文是我国现代著名作家老舍先生1956年12月 12日发表在文汇报上的一篇散文。老舍，原名舒庆春，字舍予，生于北京一个贫民家庭。在“五四”新文化
38、运动中，他开始用白话文创作。1937年，他的代表作长篇小说骆驼祥子问世。在现代文学史上影响很大。还创作了方珍珠、龙须沟、月牙儿、西望长安、茶馆、四世同堂等剧本和小说。曾获“人民艺术家”的光荣称号。关于老舍养花，是从33岁结婚组织家庭后开始的。解放以后，自己有了固定的住所，兴趣就更大了。老舍先生特别爱养菊花，经常与爱养花的朋友互相交谈，致使花的品种达到100多种。大风、暴雨来临，全家就抢救花草。到了群花盛开的时候，老舍先生总是邀请好友前来饮酒、赏花，他觉得这是非常有乐趣的事。)三、学生自学生字、词和课文1、按生字表读准字音，记清字形，结合课文理解词义。2、通读课文，标好自然段序号，划出不理解的词
39、句。3、朗读课文，想想这篇课文的主要内容。四、检查自学情况1、读准字音：拼读，读生字，注意纠正错误。记清字形，理解词义：有问题提出来大家讨论。讨论时查字典并结合课文理解。秉烛夜游：部首：禾或丿。笔顺：秉，与“乘”区别。词义：秉，拿。举着灯烛在夜间游赏。纠正字音：乐趣、计较、虽然、适当、尽管、倾盆2、多音字：3、读课后“读读写写”中的词语。如有不理解的提出来大家讨论。如：置之不理，置，放。把它放在一边不去理睬。4、指名朗读课文，说说课文主要讲了一件什么事，是从哪几方面来讲的？（整体感知）（养花给“我”带来乐趣。）5、提出不理解的词句，质疑。（写养花的乐趣为什么还写忧？）五、练习朗读课文，读熟课文
40、六、指名分段读课文，读后说出段意，理清线索。老师板书 1、为什么养花；2、养什么花； 3、养花要摸门道；4、养花有益身心； 5、养花使人喜悦；6、养花使人伤心； 7、养花的乐趣。七、布置作业1、抄写词语。2、读熟课文。3、想想自己喜什么花草，它有什么特点和为什么喜欢，以及在养的过程中有什么感受？第二课时教学目的：1、有感情地朗读课文，使学生体会养花既须劳动，又长见识，能给人们带来乐趣。2、给课文编写提纲。3、背诵自己喜欢的自然段。4、选择一种你喜欢的花草写一个片段。要写出它的特点和你为什么喜爱它。教学重点：引导学生理解课文的思想内容，体会作者的思想感情；了解作者是怎样把养花的乐趣写具体的。教学
41、难点：1、了解作者是怎样把养花的乐趣写具体的。2、学习课文写法，选择一种你喜欢的花草写一个片段。教学过程：一、复习、谈话，引入本课谁养过花？请举手，说说你的感受。老舍先生养花有什么感受呢？（乐趣）我们来继续学习课文。二、读讲课文1、请你默读课文，看看课文是从哪几方面来写养花的乐趣的？（学生列提纲，教师巡视，发现问题随机解决。）请同学按提纲上的内容读一读相关的段落。2、请你再默读课文，举例说一说，课文是怎样把养花的乐趣写具体的，还有什么问题没解决？（自读批注讨论交流） 点拨：（1）为什么只养好种易活，自己能奋斗的花？什么叫“奇花异草”？教师：这与老舍的性格有关，对花草提出了一个内在的标准，不追求
42、外形大小，色香，要自己奋斗。老舍的一生就是勤勉奋斗的一生。有感情地朗读。养花的乐趣是什么？（人生启迪：勤勉奋斗。）（2）“多么有意思”指什么？（在养花实践中摸到门道，花养得很好。）有感情地朗读这一自然段。用一句话归纳作者在养花中得到了什么？为什么养花能得到知识？（花种类不同，习性不同，对自然环境与管理要求不同）养花的乐趣在哪里？（增长知识）（3）作者的收获给了我们怎样的启示？（只有按规律办事，花才能养活，只有在实践中总结经验，才能摸到门道，增长知识。）（4）“这多么有意思呀！”指什么？养花的乐趣在哪里？（养花须付出劳动，但有益身心，有所收获。）有感情地朗读这一自然段，板书：付出劳动，有益身心。
43、（5）那么养花的乐趣是什么？（板书：有喜有忧） “喜悦”是乐趣，那么“忧”也算乐趣吗？（养花有喜有忧，生活中有成功也有失败，这样才是有趣的人生，无忧只有喜，生活平淡无味。而人生的意义就在于奋斗。）（6）齐读最后一段，说说这段在全文中的作用，与前面几段有什么关系？（分、总），与第一段有什么关系？（照应）养花的乐趣是什么？有感情地朗读。3、自己背诵喜欢的段落。三、总结全文1、有感情地朗读全文，总结养花的乐趣。体会作者的思想感情。找出中心句。（第7自然段）2、从养花中，你对老舍有什么了解？（热爱生活，热爱劳动，探求知识，积极奋斗。）3、投影出示本课的提纲：文章中心：有喜有忧，有笑有泪，有花有果，有香
44、有色。既须劳动，又长见识，这就是养花的乐趣。材料安排： 1、把养花当作乐趣。 2、分述养花的乐趣： 养自己能奋斗的花人生启迪 养花要摸门道增长知识 养花要付出劳动有益身心 养花使人喜悦有喜 养花使人忧伤有忧 3、总结养花的乐趣。四、学习课文写法，选择一种你喜欢的花草写一个片段。要写出它的特点和你为什么喜爱它 1、说说你喜欢的花草有哪些。 2、说说这些花草的特点。 3、比较一下哪种花草最有特点，然后说说你为什么喜爱它。 4、构思。 5、写出来。板书设计： 1、为什么养花；2、养什么花； 3、养花要摸门道；4、养花有益身心； 5、养花使人喜悦；6、养花使人伤心； 7、养花的乐趣。教学反思：古人云：
45、“学贵有疑”、“学则有疑”。有了“疑”，才会去探其究竟，才会获得新知。可以说，生疑是创新的开始，解疑是创新的过程，答疑则是创新的成果。因此，教者要注重学生质疑精神和质疑能力的培养，小到对课题、遣词、造句、文采的质疑，大到联系全文，探究篇章中可能出现的问题与矛盾，培养他们发现问题的能力，激起他们求知的欲望。而对学生的质疑，教师不要急于评价，更不可越俎代疱，应让学生去讨论，适时加以点拨，使学生获得“质疑，而后答疑”的快感。在学生质疑、解疑的过程中，教师要始终扮演好“配角”，要起好“主导作用”，以确保学生的“主体地位”，使学生在质疑解疑答疑的过程中，发挥学习主动性、积极参与性，从而培养学生的创新能力
46、。古诗二首教学目标： 1 学习本课 11个生字； 2 背诵两首古诗，默写四时田园杂兴； 3 能用自己的话说说诗句的意思，想象诗句所描写的景象，激发学习古诗的兴趣； 4 感受乡村生活，陶冶爱美的情趣，养成积累的习惯。 教学重难点：1、体会诗歌的内容，体会诗人的思想感情。2、引导学生感受充满诗情画意的田园生活，培养学生阅读诗歌的兴趣并养成课外主动阅读和积累诗歌的习惯。教具准备：多媒体课件、录音机。教学过程： 第一课时一、导入 同学们，你们都学过哪些古诗呢？谁愿意背给大家听？今天，咱们再来共同学习一首，题目叫四时田园杂兴。 播放课文朗读录音。介绍作者。 （范成大（11261193）字致能，号石湖居士
47、，吴郡（今江苏苏州）人，绍兴二十四年进士。其诗题材广泛，对农民的痛苦，官吏的残暴等都有反映，诗风清逸淡远。著有石湖居士诗集、石湖词、吴湖录等。） 二、释题并初步感知课文 1释题：“兴”是什么意思？谁能用自己的话说一说题目的意思？并猜想一下诗文会写些什么内容？ 2教师范读全诗，学生小声自读并思考：诗中都写了哪些人物？他们分别在干什么？你是从哪儿看出来的？ 3指名试读全诗，引导回答上面问题。 三、学习诗文内容 1自由读文，利用工具书查阅自己要理解的词语，并记录自己的疑难问题。 2小组讨论。 3全班交流。 昼：白天。 耘：除草。 耘田：在田里除草。 绩麻：把麻搓成线。 各当家：各人都担负起一定的家庭责任。 未解：不懂。 供：参加。耕织：耕田织布。 傍：靠近。 桑阴：桑树下。 4引导学生试着解释全诗： 白天除田草，夜里搓麻条，村里的男女都担家。 幼童不懂耕田织布，也在桑树荫下学着种瓜呢！ 5请同学们认真想一想：后两句表现孩童天真可爱的行为，目的是什么？（有力地衬托出农民勤劳简朴的生活） 引导学生观察图画、描述画面内容。（抓住儿童神态、动作、想象其语言） 6放声自由读诗，想像其意境，体会农民一家辛勤劳动的生活。 四、有感情地朗读全诗，指导背诵 五、总结 这首诗风格清新自然，语言亲切朴实，富有泥土气息。描写了紧张而又愉快的劳动场面和田园生活的美好。