《il家用中央空调风管材料的技术性能比较.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《il家用中央空调风管材料的技术性能比较.doc（53页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、家用中央空调风管材料的技术性能比较 中央空调风管常用的材料有镀锌铁皮、玻璃钢、复合材料（中间为保温材料，如酚醛泡沫、聚氨酯泡沫、玻璃纤维等，外表面附着一层保护层，如铝箔等）等几种。由于玻璃钢风管需要在工厂进行加工，且加工损耗大，存在老化现象，在家用中央空调中使用很少，因此本文只对镀锌铁皮和复合材料这两种风管材料进行比较。（1）施工的方便性 镀锌铁皮适合大尺寸加工，机械加工方便，但小尺寸时由于不方便采用机械设备，因此加工周期长，速度慢。另外，镀锌铁皮风管施工时不好控制安装精度；大小通等配件不易制作；安装难度大，对施工人员的要求高。虽然，为改正这些缺点，镀锌铁皮风管的施工进行了不少改进，如开发出小
2、型加工设备，采用新的联结方式等等。但是，这些新设备、新工艺仅仅只能对镀锌铁皮风管施工困难的状况进行一定的改善，而不能从根本上解决问题。 大川复合材料风管一般采用手工施工，不需要专门的加工设备，因此特别适合于家用中央空调这样的小场地施工。采用复合材料现场制作大小通、弯头等配件也非常方便，因此施工速度快，且对施工人员的要求也相对降低。另外，复合材料风管对安装精度的要求也相对较低，这又可以提高风管的安装速度。据工程测算，在进行家用中央空调风管施工时，一个熟练工人每小时可制作安装1015m2复合材料风管（以酚醛泡沫铝箔风管为例），而同样一个工人，却只能制作安装34m2镀锌铁皮风管。从这里可以看出，复合
3、材料风管的施工方便性要远远好于镀锌铁皮风管。（2） 节能效果 复合材料风管的导热系数大大低于镀锌铁皮风管的导热系数，例如，酚醛铝箔复合风管的导热系数为0.0160.036W/(m?K)左右，镀锌铁皮风管（采用20mm橡塑保温材料）的导热系数却高达0.035-0.043W/(m?K)，而且当镀锌铁皮风管的保温材料长期接触空气时，还会出现吸湿的现象，使得镀锌铁皮风管的导热系数大大增加。另外，复合材料风管特有的连接方式还保证了通风系统具有优良的气密性，其漏气率大约只有镀锌铁皮风管漏气率的1/8左右。因此，复合材料风管的节能效果远远好于镀锌铁皮风管。现场测试表明，在输送同样热（冷）量时，镀锌钢板风管的
4、散热损失大约为15左右，而酚醛泡沫保温材料风管的散热损失低于2。（3）防火性能 镀锌铁皮为无机材料，防火性能好，为不燃A级，但其外部经常采用橡塑类保温材料。由于橡塑类保温材料的防火性能只有B1级，因此大大降低了镀锌铁皮风管的防火等级。复合材料风管的防火性能根据材料的不同而不同，例如，经改性处理的酚醛泡沫铝箔风管和玻纤铝箔风管的防火性能均达到了不燃A级。因此，从防火性能这个角度来看，复合材料风管和镀锌铁皮风管都能满足家用中央空调的防火要求。（4）强度性能 镀锌铁皮风管的强度高，适合大场地、大空间的安装，因此在大空间的中央空调风管系统中应用较多。复合材料风管虽然强度较低，但也能满足家用中央空调的要
5、求。例如，根据通风与空调工程施工及验收规范中的规定，当风管直径小于400mm时，间距要求不大于4m，而当风管直径大于或等于400mm，间距要求不大于3m4。对于家用中央空调，保温风管的直径通常小于400mm，因此其间距只要不大于4m就可满足要求，而这个条件在住宅中非常容易得到满足。这就是说，在一般情况下，复合材料风管完全可以满足家用中央空调的强度要求，不需要进行加固。（5）对层高的影响 镀锌铁皮风管的外部需要在现场包裹一层保温层，而且在进行维修时还常常需要更换保温层，因此除风管本身的高度外，还需要预留一定的安装和维修空间。复合材料风管本身就具有保温效果，同时一般都采用隐形法兰连接工艺，因此可以
6、紧贴房顶安装，不需要再预留安装空间。因此，从对层高影响这个角度来看，复合材料风管比镀锌铁皮风管更适合用于家用中央空调。工程实测表明，采用复合材料风管比采用镀锌铁皮风管可节约层高510cm左右。（6）使用寿命 镀锌铁皮在潮湿环境中容易生锈，而镀锌铁皮风管常用的另一种保温材料玻璃纤维吸湿后容易变脆，因此镀锌铁皮风管的使用寿命大约只有510年左右。由于家用中央空调主机的使用寿命一般为1520年，因此家用中央空调如采用了镀锌铁皮风管，则在其使用过程中需要更换一次风管，这就给用户带来非常大的麻烦。而据国外经验，复合材料风管如酚醛铝箔复合风管的使用寿命在20年左右，这与家用中央空调主机的使用寿命基本相同，
7、因此在家用中央空调整个使用过程中不需要更换风管。从这点看，复合材料风管远远强于镀锌铁皮风管。（7）消声性能 镀锌铁皮风管是一种刚性风管，没有消声效果，它甚至还会将设备的噪声传送到工作地点，因此需要加消声罩和消声弯头之类的消声配件。另外，镀锌铁皮风管在突然遇到冷风或热风时，由于热胀冷缩的原因，还会产生应力变形，从而出现“嘎、嘎”的讨厌声音。而复合材料风管的夹层基本上为多孔泡沫材料板，具有良好的消声性能，因此本身就是一个很好的管式消声器，不需要再进行消声处理，这就可以减少大量的麻烦。从这点来看，家用中央空调应尽量采用复合材料制作风管。（8）卫生和健康复合材料风管表面采用铝箔密封，不会生锈，另外，由
8、于保温效果好，复合材料风管的内层不会产生凝结水，不会滋生细菌，因而保证了输送介质的卫生，避免了对室内空气的二次污染。镀锌铁皮风管易生锈，且容易产生冷桥现象，易结露，因此在镀锌铁皮风管非常容易滋生细菌，如军团病菌等，从而对送风空气进行二次污染。另外，镀锌铁皮风管常用的保温材料玻璃纤维对人体健康也有一定的危害，因此，从卫生和健康这个角度来看，大川复合材料风管比镀锌铁皮风管更加适合于家用中央空调。从以上分析可以知道，虽然镀锌铁皮风管具有强度高、防火性能好等优点，但根据家用中央空调风管系统的具体使用要求，大川复合材料风管在其他方面远远强于镀锌铁皮风管，因此在家用中央空调风管使用中应大力推广复合材料风管
9、。 （英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervi
10、sion of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, fo
11、cusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the inter
12、pretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party.
13、 and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Yea
14、rs, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masse
15、s of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, refl
16、ects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to
17、manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibite
18、d provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, an
19、d is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable
20、 to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party con
21、stitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations
22、first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of th
23、e Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central d
24、eployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revis
25、ion, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The
26、 first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notic
27、e to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Co
28、mmission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two re
29、gulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision wo
30、rk and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in
31、front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses p
32、arty consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline
33、 Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virt
34、ue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance w
35、ith the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, e
36、mphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive
37、 reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the p
38、arty at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the centra
39、l eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to gra
40、sp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and s
41、pecifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, ei
42、ght prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly requ
43、ired. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party
44、since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National Peoples solemn commitment. criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the
45、revision of the , a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as four must eight code. Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fun
46、damental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as four must the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the partys advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standard
47、s requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the public and private, cheap and rot thrifty and extravagance bitter music, put forward the four norms. Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the vital few, around the clean politics, from civil servant of the color, the exercise