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1、中国四川路神交通设备有限公司高速公路打桩机防撞护栏打桩钻孔施工经验防撞护栏作为高速公路上的基本安全设施，对促进我们高等级公路上的交通安全起着重要的作用。我们自1992年以来，先后在湖南长永高速、京珠高速公路河南安阳至新乡段、郑州至新郑段、新郑至许昌段、许昌至漯河段、国道107新乡至郑州封闭工程中进行了防撞护栏的施工，施工里程将近400km，积累了经验，制定自己的标准施工方法，提高了施工质量和进度，取得了一定的经济效益。 1、施工放线定位 立柱的放线定位对防撞护栏的外观质量影响最大，掌握好立柱定位放线的正确方法至关重要，根据施工图纸防撞护栏立柱位置是靠路缘石来确定，这就假设了路缘石的铺设，在纵向
2、(顺路方向)上是绝对平顺的，在横向(垂直于路方向)是没有任何错位，而实际施工中并不是这样，路缘石的铺设在纵向和横向上与设计是有误差的，如果只按路缘石来放线定位，护栏立柱在纵方向上是不顺直的，安装护栏扳后，线形局部会出现凸凹面。在湖南长永高速公路上施工时，由于是第一次参与防撞护栏的施工，缺少经验，虽然是严格按路缘石放线定位，但立柱打入后，纵向线形不好，最后又重新校正，既浪费了人力物力，又影响了施工进度。在河南安新高速公路施工时，我们经过摸索确定了这样的定位方法： （1）首先确定立柱的间距，以桥梁、通道、活动护栏口、立交、平交为控制点进行测距。立柱的间距分为2m和4m两种，2m间距的为加强立柱，4
3、m间距的为普通立柱，而实际施工中经常出现异形间距，所安装的护栏板称异形板，异形板由于间距不定，所以制造难度大，又影响工程，因此在确定立柱间距时尽可能减少异形间距。如两座桥之间，要先测量两桥间距，看能否不出现异形间距，如果出现异形间距，要确定把异形间距出现在哪一端，或中间，然后记录下桩号及间距尺寸，以便专门制作异型护栏板；如果立柱间距可能有不大于25cm的间距零头数，可通过分配法将其调整至多根立柱。还有一个值得注意的问题是在立交桥匝道上放线定位，立柱间距实际尺寸要做到内收外放，但收和放的尺寸不要超过5mm，因为板是直的，而间距在路缘石上是曲线，间距尺寸放和收之后，护栏板在安装时变得容易，而且线形
4、美观平顺。 （2）立柱纵向位置的确定：先在路缘石上用红铅笔根据立柱间距划出横线，再用线绳和钉子顺路方向上放出一条线，反复调整线形，然后用红铅笔在这条线上划出与横线垂直的纵线，形成十字线，在打入立柱时，严格按立柱距十字线中心距离打入，这样就保证了立柱在纵向上的顺直度。 （3）柱的高度控制：立柱的顶面是否平顺，决定了护栏板顶面的平顺，立柱高度是影响防撞护栏线形的最大因素。在最初的防撞护栏施工中，我们都是假设路缘石绝对按设计标高，按照施工图纸，立柱顶面标高高出路缘石70cm，打入第一根立柱时，当打入到立柱顶面至路缘石顶面70cm时，在打桩机导杆上记录下桩锤的位置，以后每打一根立柱，当桩锤下落到记下的
5、位置时就说明立柱已经打到位了。这样路缘石顶面的不平顺就反映到立柱顶面，最终使得护栏板整体不平顺，由于立柱的高低校起来费工费时，难度又大，我们又采用了下面控制立柱顶面高度的方法，先以路面设计标高算出路缘石顶面设计标高，再根据立柱顶面应高出路缘石顶面70cm算出立柱顶面标高，然后打入立柱时，对每根立柱进行测量。但这样虽然保证了立柱顶面平顺，但由于路面实际标高与设计标高之间存在误差，而且误差较大，所以会出现一行立柱距路缘石顶面高度不一致的现象，我们在郑州至新郑高速公路上施工时有这样放线的路段，有的立柱顶面距缘石顶面大于70cm，有的小于70cm，同样影响美观，而且这种方法比较繁琐。在后来的施工中，我
6、们找到了一种既简单又能保证护栏板线形的方法：首先用水准仪对每一个立柱位置的十字线进行水准测量(不需水准点，只测相对标高)，根据这些数据计算出坡度，具体算法如下：假设架一次水准仪测n个桩位，用第n个数减去第一个数，所得值除以(n-1)，得出一个值a。第一个位置立柱高70cm，第二个位置立柱高应为第一个数减去第二个数，再减去a，再加上70cm即为要得到的立柱高，第3、4n个位置立柱高依次类推，在每一个将要打入的立柱上用红铅笔划出打入深度。这样既保证了立柱顶面高度的平顺，又能使立柱顶距路缘石顶高度误差很小。这套施工放线的方法在许漯高速公路、国道107新乡至郑州封闭工程施工中使用后，效果明显，线形通顺
7、美观，都获得了优良工程。 2、打桩机的选择和组合 打入立柱的效率及准确性与打桩机型号种类有关，我厂使用的打桩机均为自产，在湖南长永高速公路上用的是内燃导杆式打桩机，这种打桩机的优点是故障率低，定位准确，缺点是冲击力低，打桩速度慢，移动慢。在河南郑许、郑新、安新高速公路上用的是路神LSD230液压打桩机，这种打桩机自行速度快，打桩迅速有力，对各种基层均能较快打入，在安新高速公路五标，路面基层是就地取材的砂砾石，打入立柱非常困难，所使用的导杆式打桩机通常一根立柱要打几百下，而路神LSD230液压打桩机几十锤就打到位了。在国道107新乡至郑州封闭工程中，由于工程量大，战线长(160km)，我们共用了
8、六台路神LSD230液压打桩机和一台多功能打拔桩机，这台多功能打拔桩机是由五十铃客货车底盘改装，时速可达100km，集打拔桩于一身，它的原理是液压能转化为冲击能，击锤速度持续均匀，不容易把桩口打毛，这台打桩机最大的特点是机动性大，107封闭工程，由于许多路口不能全封，又有26座跨线桥需留出空口来施工，所以在工程最后全封闭阶段，这台打桩机发挥了很大的作用。根据经验，每台打桩机配四人最为合适，立柱定位以后开始打入时，最初几锤要重，然后停下来用水平尺测其立柱是否垂直，如不垂直，可通过打桩机调整，调整后可用重锤继续打，快到位时停下来，再用水平尺测垂直度，再用轻锤击打，最后几锤要特别小心，防止立柱打入过
9、深，立柱过深或不垂直，也会影响护栏线形。 3、 栏板的安装 护栏板目前有镀锌和涂塑两种，镀锌层与一般钢铁相比，硬度较低，易受机械损伤，因此在施工中要小心，要轻拿轻放，镀锌层受损后，在24小时内用高浓度锌涂补，必要时予以更换。安装时，首先把托架装到立柱上，固定螺栓不要拧太紧，然后用连接螺栓将护栏固定在托架上，护栏板与板之间用拼接螺栓相互拼接，拼接方向如图1，如果拼接方向与图示相反，即使是轻微的碰撞，也会造成较大损失。防撞护栏在安装过程中应不断调整，因此，连接螺栓和拼接螺栓不要过早拧紧，要利用护栏板上的长圆孔及时调整线形，使线形平顺，避免局部凹凸，待护栏的顶面线形认为比较满意时，再把所有螺栓拧紧。
10、根据经验，安装护栏板以3人、5人、7人为一组最合格，安装方向与行车方向相反时比较容易安装。 4、施工时应注意的几个问题： a)护栏施工时应准确掌握各种设施的资料，特别是埋设于路基中各种管道的准确位置，在施工过程中不允许对地下设施造成任何破坏。如遇地下通讯管线、泄水管或涵顶填土深度不足时，应调整立柱位置，或改变立柱固定方式。 b)当立柱打入过深时，不得将立柱拔出矫正，需将其余全部拔出，将其基础重新夯实后再打入，或调整立柱位置。 c)桥梁护栏应安装法兰盘，注意法兰盘的定位和立柱顶面标高的控制。几年来的施工经验告诉我们，防撞护栏是高速公路的收尾工程，也是高速公路外观质量的重要组成部分。防撞护栏的内在
11、质量在于原材料及加工过程，它的外观质量取决于施工过程，所以我们一定要不断总结经验，加强施工管理，使防撞护栏的外观质量得以保证。113详情请登录官网http:/（英文版 ） easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementation of the and , lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of th
12、e party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management, strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to
13、 key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the and is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith nee
14、ds its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rule
15、s consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with and . To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, th
16、e supervisor will be subject to the supervision of concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to i
17、mplement , do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line
18、has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out
19、 to be a good thing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle;
20、 not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily,
21、but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the stru
22、ggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to liv
23、e better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Dont always take everything back to things, and dont get into a bli
24、nd alley, dont want to face, dont be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, Im afraid he turn
25、ed to it as a joke to tell dont 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When
26、you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one c
27、an sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anythi
28、ng, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open ones mouth, because words will reduce its importance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good thing
29、s, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also dont envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not
30、 in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, maam, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn t
31、olerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, dont envy him A sum of, dont lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while t
32、he latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also cant let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to lo
33、ve to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive
34、. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no a
35、ction, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink? 6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the other side scenery is beautiful. To you is not good, you do not mind too much, no one has an obligation to
36、you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you treat people, does not represent how others treat you, if cannot see through this point, only inviting worry. 18, time is like a sponge in the water, as long as you are willing to squeeze, the tota
37、l water is still there. Every life, after the ups and downs The best test of live, to life, survival and continuation, do not stop the struggle in the joys and sorrows of life on the road, so that different soul to bear life beat, acceptance of suffering. 19, indifferent to heart, calmly in table, e
38、legant and comfortable life, do not take what is so important. The pursuit will be disappointed; to be alive, you will have trouble. Life is the most afraid of what all want to care about, but also what all grasp is not firm, without scenery, separated populations, such as not to desire, all docked
39、in the fate of the end. Why is too rigid, the natural, to go stay not to live, let go of obsession, revel is 20, if the fate of the broken Hopes of sailing, please dont despair, the coast is still, if the fate of the withered petals of the beautiful, please do not sink, the spring is still, life wil
40、l always be endless trouble, please dont helpless, because they are still alive, is still a dream, the sun still, we still. Lost, keep memories; to get, must work to; but the most important is good to cherish their own. 21, life, select the complex, is to choose the pain; choose a simple, is choose
41、to be happy. The complex world like aSignificance of pride. Hope is the ornate palace, outside people admiring the magnificent, living in the deep knowledge of living it to pay the price. Simple world as a simple log cabin outside ridiculed shabby, the heart is willing to go live to know the joy. Su
42、ffering and joy is their own choice. 22, learn how to use a single powerful heart, let the past be the past, let the future come. Life is really the end of the end of an eagle is flying wings, life is constantly pursuit. Dont miss to regret, dont wait for old just miss. Time to return, seize every m
43、oment, again painstakingly again tired also Those struggling to fly. 23, life could not Yimapingchuan, even flat pavement, inevitably there will be a few pieces of roadblocks. Some of the rocks around the past, while others have to move it out. Just move others put the stone is very easy, because th
44、e stone from the appearance we can discern; difficult to myself to move away the heart of stone head. Leave time to spend with her, often reflect my heart, so as to remove your heart of stone. 24, everything does not have to be demanding, come to, everything does not have to care about, over the pas
45、t; failing to do not frown, laugh it laugh. Results Dont demand, do to; life is a simple, calm and peaceful. Always not to choose their own path and regret, life is like a train, the scenery and then the United States will retreat, the passage of time and encounter will eventually drifting further a
46、nd further away, before is always himself. 25, everyone has a weakness, weakness is true humanity. That has no weakness, a shallow person. That people think there is no weakness, mostly false. Life has shortcomings, there are shortcomings is the real life. That no one regret, or childish or numbness
47、 or Self deception. It is in tolerance of weakness and so on to accept, people live happily.Hello, everyone! I am a party member. The title of my speech is: study and implement the partys two laws, doing practical play highway. 2015 October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China p
48、romulgated the implementation of the and Chinese Communist Party discipline and punishment regulations. We Heyuan male passers-by to respond positively to the call of the Central Committee of the party, earnestly organize the study party two regulations, truly grasp the essence and gist, and in their respective positions, to hold the bottom line of the discipline, build a strong ideological line of defense, with the courage to play, the courage to fight tough and fearless spirit, at the crucial moment well to complete the task, with practical action to test the study and implement effect