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1、.十种词类和九种句子成分,词类： 名代数 形动副 冠介连 叹 成分：主谓宾 定状补 表同位 插入语,一.名代数,1.I met my best friend Tom at the station. 2.I find Tom a kind man. 3.Tom is a worker 4.Please give Tom a paper cup.,代词 主语,代词 定语,名词 宾语,名词 同位语,名词 宾语,代词 主语,名词 宾语,名词 补语,名词 主语,名词 表语,名词 宾语,名词 定语,名词 宾语,二.形容词,1. She is a beautiful girl. 2. She is a be
2、autiful girl. 3. I find English easy to learn. 4. He came back home, tired and hungry.,_,表语,_,状语,_,_,补语,定语,三.副词,定义：修饰动词，形容词，副词或全句。说明时间，地点，程度，方式等概念的词叫副词。,三.副词,1. It rained yesterday. 2. He had to stay there. 3. You are quite right. 4. Dont ride too fast. 4. Indeed, youre mistaken. 5. He walked strang
3、ely. 6. The arrow hit the apple right in the middle.,_,时间,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,地点,修饰形容词,修饰动词,修饰副词,修饰句子,修饰动词表示方式,修饰介词,作状语,三.副词,1. The light is still on . 2. Class is over now 3. He is abroad last year.,_,_,_,_,_,_,作状语，修饰on,表语,作状语，表示时间,表语,表语,作状语，表示时间,作表语,四.冠词,an hour a European country a useful suggestion,五.
4、介词,介词不能单独使用，要和后面的词一起构成介词短语方可在句中使用。,五.介词,1. We took a trip at weekends. 2. Can you write in English. 3. Because of what you said, he got angry. 4.He is in the room. 5.He found himself in an unknown land. 6.The girl under the tree is Mary.,_,_,_,_,_,_,补语,状语,状语,表语,状语,定语,状语，表语， 补语，定语,五种简单句基本句型,1. The te
5、acher came. 2. I dont know the boy. 3.The idea sounds great. 4. He told me a story. 5. I found her very anxious.,主语谓语(s.+vi.),主语谓语+宾语 (s.+vt.+o.),主语系表语 (s.+link.v.+p),主语谓语间宾直宾(s.+vt.+sb.+sth.),主语谓语宾语宾补 (s.+vt.+0.+o.c),.句子结构,比较下列句子： 1. I walked along the river. I met Tom. 2.I walked along the river a
6、nd I met Tom. 3. When I walked along the river, I met Tom. 4. (When) walking along the river, I met Tom.,.句子结构,非谓语作状语 1.为了赶上早班车，他起的很早。 2.正直向前走，你就会到达关林庙。 3.被一群人跟着，他进来了。 4.她坐在那，陷入了沉思。,In order to catch the early bus, he got up early.,Going straight ahead, youll get to Guanlin Temple.,Followed by a gro
7、up of people, he came in.,She sat there, lost in thought.,非谓语作状语,总结：1.非谓语作状语，其逻辑主语和主句的主语一致. 2.若表目的就用 to do 其余的用的-ing 或 -ed形式，依据和句子主语的关系而定，主动用 +ing 被动用 +ed,With的复合结构,比较下面两组句子： 1.I walked along the river. I met Tom. Walking along the river, I met Tom. 2. Time went by. He grew old. As time went by, he grew old. Going by, he grew old.() With time going by, he grew old.() 思考：什么情况下才能使用的复合结构？,当两句的主语不一致且没有连词出现时，才能使用with的复合结构。,Exercise,1._along the river, I met Tom. A. When I walking B. When walking C. Walking D. Walked E. I walked F. With walking G. With I waling H. When I walked,B C H,