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1、 你的首选资源互助社区Unit 3Back to the past重点单词【1】辨析remain, stay(1) remain与stay表示“留下，继续保持某一状态”时，常作连系动词，可以互换，其后接名词、形容词、介词短语等作表语。He stayed/remained outside while we entered the room.他留在外面，我们进了屋子。(2) 当表示“剩下”(即其余的一切都被拿走、除去、破坏等)，通常只用remain而不用stay。What remains of the original art collection is now in the city muse
2、um.原来的艺术收藏品剩下来的现在都在市博物馆里。(3) 当表示“在某处或在某处住下”时，常用stay而不用remain。He wants to stay with a friend in the country for a week.他想和一个朋友在乡下待一个星期。remaining adj. 剩下的Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A. seated B. seatingC. to seat D. seatA句意：女士们，先生们，请在飞机完全停下来之后再离开座位
3、。考查非谓语动词作表语。remain“仍然是，保持不变”，是连系动词，后接不定式表示将要发生的动作；seat是及物动词，“使某人就座”为seat oneself，故用过去分词作表语。【2】 protect vt. 保护，from后接能带来伤害或损害之物。其常用句型为：protectfrom/againstHe wore a pair of sunglasses to protect his eyes from/against strong light.他戴上太阳镜以保护他的眼睛不受强光影响。protection n. 保护Remember to bring clothes that provi
4、de adequate protection against the wind and rain.记住要带上足以防风雨的衣服。Each company is fighting _.每家公司都在奋力保护自己的商业利益。Troops have been sent to _.已经派出部队保护救援人员免遭袭击。to protect its own commercial interestsprotect aid workers against attack 【3】 influence v&n. 影响，感化Dont let me influence your decision.不要让我影响你的决定。Lis
5、tening to the music has a calming influence on her.听音乐对她起了一种镇静的作用。The team consists of four Europeans and two Americans.这支队伍由4名欧洲人和2名美国人组成。For her, happiness consists in watching television and reading magazines.对她而言，幸福在于看看电视和读读杂志。Theory should consist with practice.理论应当与实践相一致。have a good/badinfluen
6、ce on/upon/over 对有好的/坏的影响under the influence of 受的影响influence sb. (to do sth.) 支配/左右某人做某事表示“对有影响”还可以用：affect； haveeffect on/upon但要注意，强调“因果关系”时，用cause and effect。What exactly is _？电视对儿童究竟有什么影响？Those friends _.那些朋友对她有负面的影响。His writings _.他的作品影响了千百万人的一生。the influence of television on childrenhave a bad
7、 influence on herhave influenced the lives of millions【1】 be in use (机器、场所等)在使用中Seriously damaged, the bridge is no longer in use.因受到严重损坏，这座桥不再使用了。The new version of this dictionary is not in use yet.这本字典的新版本还未通行。come into use 开始存在；开始被使用be no use (to sb.)/be of no use无用put sth. to good use 有效使用/利用ma
8、ke use of 利用be out of use 不再使用，废弃不用in turn 轮流地，反过来in vain 徒劳无功地in addition 除此之外in return 作为回报The library of our school, which contains books of all kinds from home and abroad, _ for almost 100 years.A. is in use B. has been in useC. in for use D. has been for useB表示“在使用中”用be in use, 根据句中的时间状语for alm
9、ost 100 years, 可知需要用现在完成时态。【2】 take over 接管，接替，接任Mr. Collins will take over my duties for a week after I leave.在我离开后柯林斯先生将接替我的工作一个星期。take a chance 碰运气take a seat 坐下take account of 考虑，重视take apart 拆开takeas把当作takeby surprise 出其不意take care 当心，注意take charge of 负责，掌管take down 记下take effect 见效takefor exam
10、ple 以为例take hold of 抓住be taken in 被欺骗take interest in 对感兴趣take notice of 注意take a day off 休假一天take ones time 从容行事take out 取出；擦掉take over 接管take part in 参加take pride in 以为自豪take the lead 带头take the place of 代替take place 发生take turns 轮流take after 相似take down 拆掉；拆除；写下；记录take off 脱去(衣服)；起飞；(理念，产品等)成功tak
11、e on 承担(工作、责任等)；呈现；雇佣，聘用take up 开始从事(某工作)；占(时间、场所等)take in 吸收；理解；领会；欺骗take back 收回；退回(事物)take away 使消失；取走take for 误认为，以为takefor granted 习以为常Einstein liked Boses paper so much that he _ his own work and translated it into German.A. gave off B. turned down C. took over D. set aside用介词或副词填空Now Ill give
12、 you some tablets to take _ the pain.The policeman took _ all particulars of the accident.Take your coat _ and sit down.Now his hair has taken _ a healthy shine.So many young men want to take _ writing.D句意：Einstein非常喜欢Bose的论文，便把自己的工作置于一旁，把论文翻译成德语。考查动词短语辨析。A发出；B拒绝，调低；C接管；D不顾，把置于一旁。根据句意选D。awaydownoffo
13、nup【3】turn to 变成(turn into)；转向；翻到；求助于Their amusement turned to horror when they realized what had happened.当他们意识到发生了什么事情时，他们的愉悦变成了恐慌。The girl always turns to her mother when in trouble.这个女孩遇到困境时，总是向她妈妈求助。turn up 出现，调大turn down 关小，拒绝turn away 拒绝，避开，走开，转身turn in 上交，退还，向内拐turn out 结果是，制造，向外，驱逐turn over
14、 翻转，仔细考虑，移交turn against 背叛，违反，翻脸turn back 往回走，翻起，折转turn around/round 转身turn a blind eye to 对熟视无睹turn a deaf ear to 置若罔闻turning point 转折点，转向处 What are you reading, Tom? Im not really reading, just _ the pages.A. turning off B. turning aroundC. turning over D. turning upC句意：汤姆，你在读什么？我没在真正地读，只是在随便翻翻。考查
15、动词短语辨析。A关掉；B转变，转身；C翻转，翻身，翻阅；D出现，开大音量。根据句意选C。【4】 be off to 前往They were off to Italy ( leaving for Italy) and wanted to make an early start.他们将前往意大利，并且想要早点出发。go off 走开；开火，爆炸，熄灭，中断set off 出发，动身，引起，使发生get off 离开，发出，(使)入睡，匆匆脱下call off 把叫走，取消，转移give off 发出(光、气体等)，放出show off 炫耀break off 中断，停止，断交，脱离Suddenly
16、 the light _.突然灯熄灭了。We _ London just after ten.刚过10点，我们就动身去伦敦了。They _ their engagement.他们已经解除婚约。went offset offhave called off【5】 run through 跑着穿过；(使)在流过；反复练习，复习；匆匆阅读，贯穿于之中；挥霍Run through your notes before class.上课前把笔记复习一下。This theme runs through the whole book.该主题贯穿全书。The heir has soon run through h
17、is fortune.那个继承人很快就把财产挥霍完了。get through 完成，到达，接通电话，结束，及格go through 检查，审查，搜查，完成，遭受，经受，经历，穿过，通过see through 看破，看穿look through 浏览，快速查看live through 度过，经历过The girl is working very hard, expecting to _ the test.A. get through B. see throughC. look through D. run throughA句意：这女孩正在努力学习，希望通过考试。A通过，及格；B看穿；C浏览；D流
18、过，贯穿。根据句意选A 【6】 prevent sb. from doing sth.( stop/keep sb. from doing sth. )防止/阻止某人做 在主动语态中，prevent/stop sb. from doing 中的from 可以省略，但是在被动语态中不可以省。keep sb. from doing sth. 中的from主动、被动语态中都不能省，因为keep sb. doing 意为“使某人不停地做某事”。The heavy rain prevented/stopped her (from) going out. The heavy rain kept her f
19、rom going out.She was prevented from going out by the heavy rain.大雨阻止了她出去。As citizens, we should do what we can to prevent our river _.A. from polluted B. from pollutingC. polluting D. being pollutedD句意：作为市民，我们应该尽力防止我们的河流被污染。A中from后要加being才对。“河流被污染”表被动，故选D。【1】 By 27 BC, Rome had become an empire, wh
20、ich controlled many parts of Europe.到公元前27年，罗马已经成为帝国，控制了欧洲的许多地区。句子中有by 过去时间的时间状语或by the time 过去时的时间状语从句，谓语动词使用过去完成时。By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.到爱因斯坦14岁时，他已经自学了高等数学。When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we _ up, her voice had been full of life.A. were hanging B. had hungC. hung D. would hangC句意：当我与奶奶在电话中交谈时，她的声音听起来很虚弱，但到我们挂断电话时，她的声音已经充满了活力。考查动词时态。据题干her voice had been full of life为过去的过去，因此我们挂断电话为过去的动作。by the time 一般过去时的从句，主句用过去完成时，表示“到时候为止，已经”。