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1、 你的首选资源互助社区Unit 2Language重点单词【1】 access n. 通道，进入，接近， v. 接近，使用，进入；存取Fallen trees cut off the only access to the village.倒下的树切断了通往村子的唯一通道。I cant access the file on your company because Ive forgotten the code.我无法使用贵公司的文件，因为我把代码忘了。accessible adj. 可(或易)得到的；可使用的；随和的be accessible to容易得到的；可使用的Medicine shou
2、ld not be kept where it is accessible to children.药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。have/gain/obtain access to得以接近，会见；得以进入，使用give access to接见；准许进入give sb. access to 答应让某人使用We gained access to the house through the window.我们从窗户进入屋子。The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _ to the digital resources
3、 of the library. A. access B. passageC. way D. approachA句意为“设计这个系统是为了让学生快速便捷地使用图书馆的数字资源”。access意为“接近，进入或使用的方法、手段”；passage意为“通过，通道”；way意为“方式，方法”；approach意为“接近，方法”。【2】 raise vt. 使升高；饲养；筹集She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.她举起一根手指放在唇边，示意肃静。The landlord raised my rent.房东提高了我的租金。The
4、farmer raises chickens and corn.农夫养鸡和种植玉米。raise money for 为筹款raise sb. to ones feet 把某人扶起来raise ones voice 提高声音raise a family 养家糊口rise, arise, raise这3个动词的音、形近似，且含义也相近，都有“上升”的意思，但它们的含义和用法有所不同。(1) rise (rose, risen)没有被动语态，使用范围较广。它可以指太阳、月亮、河水、物价、数量等“升起，上升，增长”，也可以指人“起立，起床，地位升高”等。The sun rises in the eas
5、t.太阳从东方升起。The total output rose by 20%.总产量增长了20%。She has risen to the position of manager.她已升至经理职位。(2) arise(arose, arisen)意为“上升；发生”，是比较庄重的用语，主要用于诗歌或带古风的文体，含有比喻的韵味；当difficulty, problem, crisis, conflict等词用作主语时，习惯上与arise搭配，不用rise。New problems arise when the old ones are solved.旧问题解决时新问题又来了。(3) raise
6、一般指“升起，举起，抬起，提出”等具体行为、动作，有时也用于借喻，表示“提高”工资、价格、地位，“增加”数量、容量等。They raised a national flag. 他们升起了一面国旗。He was raised from clerk to manager.他由职员提升到经理。The question _ then. What are we going to do when we graduate from the university?A. raises B. arouses C. arises D. risesHaving heard the unfair conditions,
7、 the angry man _ from the chair, _ his voice.A. raised; raising B. rose; raisingC. raised; rising D. rose; risingSteam can be seen _ from wet clothes.A. rose B. raise C. to raise D. to riseC句意：然后问题出现了。我们大学毕业后将做什么？表示出现不愉快的“问题”，常用arise。B句意：听到那不公平的条件，那位生气的人提高嗓音从椅子上站起来。前一空后面没有宾语，故用不及物动词rose。后一句后面接有宾语，故用
8、及物动词raise的现在分词形式，表伴随状况。Dseerise 看到升起来。当see用于被动语态时，用不定式作主语补足语，表示看到的全过程。【3】 consistv.包含，组成，构成consist of由组成，不能用于被动语态(be made up of)consist in在于consist with 并存，与一致The team consists of four Europeans and two Americans.这支队伍由4名欧洲人和2名美国人组成。For her, happiness consists in watching television and reading magaz
9、ines.对她而言，幸福在于看看电视和读读杂志。Theory should consist with practice.理论应当与实践相一致。consistent adj. 一致的，连续的Shes not very consistent in the way she treats her children.她对待孩子反复无常。Happiness _ struggle.A. lies on B. lies inC. consists of D. consists withThe committee _ nine members set out for the disaster area imme
10、diately.A. consisted of B. consisting ofC. made of D. made up forBlie in consist in 在于。Bconsisting of 由组成。在句中作定语。【4】indicate v. 暗示，表示，指What do they indicate?他们表示什么意思？The symptoms indicate immediate surgery.症状表明急需外科手术。There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of
11、 the brain.A. indicate B. indicatingC. to indicate D. to be indicatingB句意“有大量证据表明音乐活动调动大脑不同的部位。”考查非谓语动词作定语。B项作定语表主动，相当于which indicates。【5】replace vt. 取代The new design will eventually replace all existing models.新的设计最终将会取代所有现有的型号。replace take the place of 取代；代替replaceby/with以代替/替换in place of 取代；代替( i
12、nstead of代替；而不是)take ones place 代替某人；就位；就职take place 发生他们将坐飞机去广州，而不是坐火车。_hey will go to Guangzhou by plane in place of by train.【6】 adopt v. 收养；过继；采用，采纳(意见)They are not my real parents. I was adopted by them at the age of three.他们不是我的亲生父母，我是在3岁时被收养的。Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我们学校采
13、用了新的教学方法。The general manager decided to adopt his suggestion after much deliberation.总经理经过再三思考后，决定采纳他的建议。Its too early to say whether IBMs competitors will be able to _ their products to the changing market.A. contribute B. adaptC. attach D. adoptBcontribute A to B是把A贡献给B; attach A to B是将A附加在B上； ado
14、pt 是采纳，领养； adapt适应。adapt A to B使A适应B。句意：现在就评判IBM的竞争对手是否能使他们的产品适应变化的市场还太早了。 【7】 contribute v. 捐献，捐赠；贡献出；投稿(to)The writer personally contributed 5,000 dollars to the earthquake fund.那位作家个人给地震基金会捐赠了5,000美元。His carelessness contributed to the accident.他的粗心大意是造成事故的原因。He contributes regularly to English W
15、eekly.他定期给英语周报投稿。contribution n. 捐献；捐资；贡献All contributions will be gratefully received.我们对所有捐资表示感谢。用contribute的适当形式填空Plenty of fresh air _ good health.Im sure regular exercise will _ (cure) your disease.He made a very positive _ to the overall success of the project.contributes tocontribute to curin
16、gcontribution【8】 record n. 记录；唱片， v. 记录，录制break/beat the record 破记录set the record 创记录hold the record 保持记录keep a record of sth. 把记录下来make a record 制作唱片You should keep a record of how much you spend.你应该把花的钱数记下来。I record the score in a notebook.我在笔记本上记下了分数。recorder n. 录音机我将录下这部电影，以便以后我们都能看。_Ill record
17、the film so that we can all watch it later.【9】spread v. (spread, spread)展开，播种，推广 vi. 传播，展现The little girl is old enough to spread the table cloth for her mother.小女孩够大了，她可以帮助妈妈铺桌布了。Soon the news spread throughout the whole village.消息很快就传遍了整个村庄。另外，spread也可以用作名词，表示“传播”等意思。In 2009, the spread of A/H1N1
18、made the government worried much.2009年，甲型流感的蔓延让政府很是担心。Sue在地板上摊开地图。_这种疾病容易传播。_这只鸟展开了翅膀。_Sue spread the map out on the floor.The disease spreads easily.The bird spread its wings.【10】 eventually adv.最终地Thanks to his great effort, the task was eventually accomplished in time.多亏了他作出的巨大努力，这项工作最终按时完成了。Even
19、tually, the ship landed at the port of Shanghai safely.终于，船只安全抵达了上海港。一些常用的承接上下文的副词：finally, actually, generally, (un)fortunately, (un)luckily, obviously, apparently, clearly, absolutely, exactly, etc.Never give up. You will get what you want _.A. actually B. suddenlyC. exactly D. eventuallyD根据句子的意思可
20、知是“最终会得到你所需要的”。【1】as a whole 表示把某事或某几件事当作一个整体来看。既可作状语，也可作定语。We must examine these problems as a whole.我们必须把这些问题作为一个整体来考察。That was her final judgment on the story as a whole.这就是她对整个故事的最后判断。 on the whole 总的说来，大体上。一般作状语。as a result/consequence 结果(发生某情况)as a result/consequence of 由于as follows 如下as for 至
21、于，说到as to 至于，说到，关于(引导从句)as usual 一般来说，像往常一样as a matter of fact 事实上Though the girl has a lot of shortcomings, _， she is a good girl.A. generally speakingB. as a wholeC. on the contraryD. on wholeBgenerally speaking意思是“一般来说”，常用于普通情况会怎样的解释说明； as a whole是“总体来说”。句意：虽然这个女孩有许多缺点，但总的来说还是个好姑娘。【2】 in a word 一
22、句话，总而言之 His behavior was, in a word, shocking.总之，他的行为是令人震惊的。in ones own words用某人自己的话来说in other words 换句话说，也就是说word for word 逐字地They asked him to leave, _， he was fired.他们请他走人，也就是说，他被解雇了。She repeated their conversation _ to me.她一字不差地把他们的谈话对我复述了一遍。in other wordsword for word【3】辨析at one time, at a time
23、(1)at one time 一次，同时；一度，曾经At one time they met frequently.一度他们经常见面。(2)at a time 每次，一次Order! One at a time, please.守秩序！请一个一个来。at times 有时，间或at the time of在时候at all times 始终，经常at any time 在任何时候；随时at no time 在任何时候都不in no time 立刻，马上for the time being 暂时for some times 一些次数by the time到时候from time to time
24、有时in time 及时；迟早on time 准时Experts have been warning _ of the health risks caused by passive smoking.A. at a time B. at one timeC. for some time D. for the timeC句意：专家们提醒注意被动吸烟给健康带来的危害已有一段时间了。考查介词搭配。A每次、逐一、依次；B一度，曾经；C一段时间；D暂时，眼下。【1】 The language they created is what we now call Old English.他们创造的语言就是我们现
25、在称之为古英语的语言。what连接表语从句，意为“所的”，在表语从句中作call的直接宾语，Old English为间接宾语。Many young people in the East in the past are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decision marriage almost entirely up to their parents.A. as B. that C. which D. whatThe companies are working together to create _ they hope
26、will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A. which B. that C. what D. whoD考查宾语从句。句中what could be lifes most important decision marriage作leave的宾语。what在宾语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语。as常用于suchas和the sameas的搭配中；that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义；which 意为“哪一个”。C句意：这些公司共同致力于创造他们所希望的21世纪最好的运输方式。考查宾语从句。
27、what在宾语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语。they hope为插入语，what意思为“所创造的事物”。【2】 Today, the spread of borrowed words is due to easily accessed television and radio programmes from across the world, and the Internet.今天，世界各地都可以方便地收看收听电视和广播节目，还有因特网的普及，使得外来词广为传播。easily accessed 是定语，修饰后面的television and radio programmes。The
28、easily accessed computer system is unsafe from hackers.这个电脑系统很容易进入，很不安全，会遭到黑客的攻击。如何写好it句型动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在句子中作主语、宾语时，转换用it作形式主语、宾语可以使句子的表达更地道，增加了语言的美感。此外，it还可以用于强调句型。掌握下面的有关it的一些常用句型有助于写作水平的提高。【句型1】It be(其他动词) adj. / n. 不定式(v.ing分词，从句)It is difficult for us to work out the problem. 对我们来说，解出这道题是很
29、难的。 例：To wirte the article will take him a long time.It will take a long time to write the article.【句型2】 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 【句型3】 It is said (suggested / reported etc.) that从句It is suggested that we should put off the meeting. (有人) 建议会议延期召开。 【句型4】 It seems that从句 / as if从句【句型5】 主语 谓语 it 宾补 不定式/ ving分词/ 从句I found it important to learn spoken English.我发现学习英语口语非常重要。【句型6】 It be 被强调部分 that从句 翻译下列句子1. 我很荣幸在这里谈谈全球水资源短缺的问题。 _2. 是我们该为它做点什么事情的时候了。 _3. 对我来说，学好英语最重要。 _4. 在中国，中学生得每天晚上花4小时完成作业。_5. 会议将在大厅里举行。_