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1、第八章、名词性从句 一、 概念：主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，同位语从句1.主语从句What we cant get always seems better than what we have.Who will go is not important.What we need is more time.Which team will win the match is still unknown.2.表语从句They are just what I shall have.The question is whether it is worth doing.3.宾语从句I hear (that) M
2、r Mao will be back next Friday.She said(that)she might fall behind the other students.4.同位语从句，往往放在具体含义的某些名词的后面，表示名词的具体内容，说明名词的含义。注意：具体含义的某些名词如：news, fact, thought, suggestion, truth, plan, belief, doubt, information, possibility, answer, word, idea等。The news that our team will win is not known.The f
3、act that he is president is true.二、It做形式主语It is clear/certain/likely/true/apparent/obvious that*It is a pity/shame/a wonder/strange/surprising/shocking that sb should do(惊讶)*It is necessary/ important /vital/essential/natural that sb (should) do sth.（务必,必需）*It is DISCOed that sb should do It is said
4、/told/known/reported/suggested that= as is said/told/known/reported/suggested,= sb./sth. is said/reported to doIt seems/happens thatIt is common knowledge that*It is no wonder thatIt appears thatIt occurred to/strikes me that三、It 做形式宾语Take it for granted thatSee to it thatMay I take it thatI hate/di
5、slike/enjoy it that/whenIf I can help itMake it a rule to doI would appreciate it if you could doAs sb. put it, lets put it short四、陈述关系用that/what 引导，完整从句that, 从句中缺主语、宾语、表语用what引导That he was chosen made us very happy.What we need is more time.What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.T
6、hat he often comes late makes the teacher very angry.五、判断是否用whether/if 引导不用if的情形： 主语从句、.表语从句不用if引导； 连词后紧接or not不用if ；whether to do,不用 if;介词后的宾语从句不用if 引导。 Whether we will hold a sports meeting next hasnt been decided. The question is whether he can collect so much money in such a short time. They are
7、 discussing whether to invest in the project or not. It depends on whether you want to do it or not.六、疑问副词变为连接副词，表示没有确定的信息,用when/where/how/why/which/who/whose 引导 I dont know when the meeting will be held. He asked how you learn English so well. I dont know why he didnt tell us the truth.七、感叹语气用what/
8、how, what后是名词或者是形容词修名词，how的后边是形容词或者副词。八、强调“无论谁”，用whoever引导名词性从句,强调“无论什么”，用whatever引导名词性从句，强调“无论哪一个”，用whichever引导名词性从句名词性从句的语序九、在名词性从句中用陈述句型。在任何从句中，都不会发生倒装，倒装结构仅限于主句中，“倒主不倒从”。十、同位语从句和定语从句定语从句起修饰、限定、补充关系，用相应的关系代词或关系副词，同位语从句阐述先行词的内容，用that（when/where） 引导。 He told us his plan that he would plant at least
9、 3,000 trees on the hill.（同位语从句）He told us his plan which/that he made recently.（定语从句）十一、whoever/whatever引导名词性从句和让步状语从句， no matter who/what引导让步状语从句 Whoever cuts down a young tree must plant a new one.(主语从句，不能用no matter who) Whoever/ no matter who cuts down a young tree, he must plant a new one. (让步状
10、语从句).十二、宾语从句后的反义问句 I think/believe/hope/guess(that) he is honest, isnt he? I dont think English is that difficult, is it? Johns father always thought his job was a very good one, didnt he? 整句是肯定，问句有否定； I think/believe/hope/guess(that)表示我的观点，反义问句看从句；其它人称，反义问句看主句。十三、分析判断定语从句和宾语从句The difference between
11、 America and china lies in that china has a larger population.A new school will be built in what used to be an old factory.不能是where，不能是which，因为是介词后的宾语从句，不是定语从句。名词性从句填空题专练1._ you have done might do harm to other people.2. I have no idea at all _ they talked about in the next door room.3. _ leaves the
12、 room last ought to turn off the lights.4. Anyone _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.5. These photographs will show you _ our village looks like.6. Can you make sure _ Alice has put the gold ring?7. No one can be sure _ man will look like in a million years.8. It worried Tracy a bit
13、 _ her hair was turning grey.9. _ you dont like the singer is none of my business.10. _ Bob said at the meeting astonished everybody present.答案1.what 2.what 3.whoever 4.who 5.what 6.where 7.what 8.that 9.that 10.what11. They are familiar with the opinion _ all matter consists of atoms.12. As his bes
14、t friend, I can make accurate guesses about _ he will do or think.13. _ is a fact that English is accepted as an international language.14. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.15. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have.16. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.17.
15、 It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.18. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.19. The news is very exciting _ weve all been given an extra days leave.20. It has been proved _ eating vegetables helps to protect you against serious illnesses.答案11.that 12.wh
16、at 13.It 14.whoever 15.What what 16.Whether 17.whatever 18.What 19.that 20.that21. _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.22. The question _ should do the work requires consideration.23. This is our only request _ this (should) be settled as soon as possible.24. What the doctors re
17、ally doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.25. _ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the speaking competition.26. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice.27. _ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled.28. _ is known t
18、o us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games took place in Beijing.29. We cannot figure out _ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.30. Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea _ the party is to be held?答案21.whoever 22.who 23.that 24.whether 25.There that 26.What 27.what,28.
19、what 29.why 30.where31. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago.32. Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future.33. The road is covered with snow. I cant understand _ they insist on going by motor-bike.34. It hasnt been decided _ Betty
20、 will come. It all depends.35. The question is _ the film is worth seeing.36. The news _ Tom won another gold medal was reported in yesterdays newspaper.37. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.38. Mary wrote an article on _ the team had failed to win the g
21、ame.39. Danby left word with my secretary _ he would call again in the afternoon.40. The wayBruce did it was different from _ we were used to.答案31.what 32.how 33.why 34.whether 35.whether 36.that 37.that 38.why 39.that 40.what41. Her words made me recognize _ silly mistakes I had made.42. With his w
22、ork completed, Dennis felt pleased _ he was a man of action.43. My suggestion is _ we should invite Betty for the weekend.44. _ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.45. See the flags on top of the building? That was _we did this morning.46. Word came _ the enemy were ne
23、ar.47. We all agreed to his suggestion _ a bridge across the river be built.48. Engines are to machines _ hearts are to animals.49. I just wonder _ it is that makes him so excited.50. The idea _ all people are selfish is wrong.答案41.what 42.that 43.that 44.what 45.what 46.that 47.that 48.what 49.what
24、 50.that51. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning _ his teammates had done.52. They told the policeman the fact _ they had nothing to do with the murder.53. There is much chance _ Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.54. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left i
25、t.55. These shoes look very good. I wonder _ they cost.56. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob？Thats _ the best jobs are.57. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats _ I got wet all through.58. My brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.59. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.60._ matters most in learning English is enough practice.答案51.what 52.that 53.that 54.where 55.how much 56.where 57.why 58.what 59.that 60.what4