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1、Unit 1,Changes in the Way We Live,Preparations,1.what do you think of the title? Why people want to change their ways they live? 2.what are your life style?,Text A,Questions 1)why do so many migrant workers move from the country to the city? 2)why do city people buy apartments or houses in the subur
2、bs, even in the countryside? 3)In your opinion, which is better, living in the country or city?,Words,1.frustrate: discourage使灰心 eg: The lack of money frustrated him to prevent sb.s plans efforts or attempts from succeeding挫败,2.content adj( not before noun): happy and satisfied eg: He is quite conte
3、nt with his life. be content to do v: to make sb. fell happy and satisfied content yourself with sth (to do or have sth that is not what you really wanted, but its still satisfactory),n:1) a feeling of quite happiness and satisfaction do sth to your hearts content (to do sth as much as you want) eg:
4、 在暑假，孩子们可以允许尽情的玩耍 2) contents: the things that are inside a box,bag,room or are written in a letter, book etc.容器所装的东西,目录 3) the amount of a substance that is contained in sth or the ideas ,facts, opinions that are contained in a speech or a piece of writing,3. haul: vt:1)transport,as with a truck, c
5、art, etc 2)to pull sth. heavy with a continuous, steady movement eg: to haul the logs along to haul up the fishing nets n: a large amount of goods that has been stolen, or found by the police eg: The robbers haul included a very valuable diamond ring.,4.due: adj 1)be due: to be expected to happen or
6、 arrive at a particular time eg: When is your baby due? be due to do sth. eg: The meeting isnt due to start until three. be due for sth.( expect to get sth.) eg: Im due for a pay rise soon. 2)due to: because of eg: The companys problems are due to a mixture of bad luck and poor management. 3)in due
7、course: at some time in the future when it is the right time, but not before eg: 委员会会在适当的时候考虑你的申请的.,5. Improvement: an act of improving or a state of being improved eg: We need to carry out some improvements to the computer system. cf: improve(ment) on / improve(ment) in improve(ment) on:如把两件事作比较,而后
8、发生的比早发生的好 eg: Todays weather is an improment on yesterdays. improve(ment) in:指某方面好转或改善 eg: There has been an improvement in the weather. Your luck improves with the improvement of yourself.,6. supplement: v: to add sth., especially to what you earn or eat , in order to increase it to an acceptable l
9、evel supplement by/ with n: sth. that you add to sth. else to improve it or make it complete an additional part at the end of a book, or a separate part of a newspaper, magazine 增刊 eg: the supplement to (of) the book,7.spray v: to make a stream of small drops of liquid come out of a small tube or se
10、veral small holes spray sb. with sth. spray sth. on/ over sth. eg:她把香水喷在身上. n: liquid which is forced out of a special container in a very small drops eg: hair spray( spray which you put on you hair to keep it tidy) insect spray(spray used for killing insects),8.stack: n:a neat pile of things one on
11、 top of the other +ofeg: a stack of dishes v:to form a neat pile or make things into a neat pile eg: Stack the firewood in the back yard. be stacked with eg: 地上堆满了盒子.,9.swamp: v: to suddenly cover sth. with a lot of water, especially in a way that causes damage ( usually passive)to suddenly give sb.
12、 a lot of work, problems etc to deal with swamp sb with sth eg:Were swamped with telephone calls. n: land that is always very wet or slightly covered with water eg:要走出这片沼泽地是非常困难的.,10.crawl: v:to move along on your hands and knees with your body close to the ground crawl along /across to be too pleas
13、ant or helpful to sb in authority, especially because you want them to help you crawl to sb make your skin crawl: if sth or sb makes your skin crawl, you think they are extremely unpleasant eg:The way he looks at her really makes my skin crawl. n:a very slow speed,11.illustrate: to make the meaning
14、of sth clearer by giving examples eg: Let me use another example to illustrate this difficult point. cf: explain / interpret / illustrate illustrate:绘图或是举例说明 explain/ interpret:一般的解释，说明，但是后者较正式，因此其宾语往往是法律（law），条约中的条文或行文（article, wording）等,12.digest: v: to change food that you have just eaten into su
15、bstances that your body can use eg: Most babies can digest a wide range of food easily. to understand new information, especially when there is a lot of it or it is difficult to understand eg:I struggled to digest the news. n:a short piece of writing that gives the most important facts from a book,
16、report etc,13.boundary: cf:boundary /border /frontier boundary:着重指山脉，河流等形成的天然“边界线”，多指在地图上的领土分界线 eg:mark the boundaries of border：指“边境地带”范围较广的地区 frontier:其和border都可以用来指国于国之间的边界，边境，但是其指就某一国单方面提及的边界边境，而且意味着设防的边界，需要护照，签证，海关等各项检查 eg:Chinas Mongolian frontier,14.insurance: insurance adjuster:someone who i
17、s employed by an insurance company to decide how much to pay people who have an accid;ent, had something stolen etc insurance broker:someone who arranges and sells insurance as their job insurance policy:a written agreement with an insurance company insurance premium:the money that you pay regularly
18、 to an insurance company,15.policy n:a course of action that has been officially agreed and chosen by a political party, business or other organization policy on eg: The company operates a very strict policy on smoking. the foreign economic policy a particular principle that you believe in and that
19、influences the way you behave eg: Its always been my policy not to talk behind peoples backs.,16.fee: n:an amount of money that you pay to a profession person for their work eg: The insurance company paid all my medical fees. an amount of money that you pay to do something eg:school fees,17.suspect:
20、 v:to think that sth is probably true or likely ,especially sth bad suspect (that) eg: She strongly suspected her husband had been lying. to think sb is probably guilty suspect sb of sth/ suspect sb of doing sth eg: He was suspected of being a spy. to distrust sb or doubt the truth of sth eg:I began
21、 to suspect his motives when he asked to borrow more. n:someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime eg:Two suspects were arrested today in connection with robbery. suspicious:(adj)1（指主体）疑心的，多疑的be suspicious of 2(指客体）可疑的a suspicious character,Unit 2 Civil-Rights heroes,Preparations,1.Use your own
22、words to explain the word “hero”? 2.Who is your hero in your mind? 3.What are the qualities to be a good hero?,Text A THE FREEDOM GIVERS,Questions 1.Whats the freedom? Do you enjoy it in this society? 2.In your opinion, is a complete freedom a right thing?,WORDS,1.slender:adj 1) thin and graceful eg
23、: She has a long slender neck. 2)not enough to be useful, helpful, or effective slender chance/ hope eg: The company now only has a slender hope of survival.,2.settlement:n 1)a small village in an area with few people eg: a settlement on the edge of the desert 2)the movement of a new population into
24、 a place to live there eg: the settlement of the American West 3)an agreement or decision ending an argument, question, etc eg:After the settlement of our differences, we became friends.,3.confident:adj +that/ofhaving a belief in ones own powers or ability eg:The government is confident of winning/
25、that it will win the next election. cf: confidential: adj(spoken or written in secret; to be kept secret) keep sth confidential eg:Doctors are required to keep patients records completely confidential.,4.devote:v 1) devote time/ effort/ money etc to (use your time, effort etc in order to do sth or h
26、elp sth be successful) eg:Im devoting all my time and energy to being a mom right now. 2)devote oneself to (to do everything you can to achieve sth or help someone) eg: She has devoted herself to caring for the poor.,5.historic:adj (important in history) eg: a historic meeting between two leaders hi
27、storical: adj 1)which represents a fact/ facts of history eg: a historical play 2)connected with history as a study eg: He gave all his historical papers to the library.,6.escape:v 1) +fromto find a way out; get out eg: They escaped from the burning house. 2) +v-ing(of a person) to avoid eg:He narro
28、wly escaped being drowned. 3)(of an event, a fact, etc.) to be unnoticed or forgotten by eg: Nothing escaped his attention. cf: flee eg: The enemy soldiers were fleeing in all directions, but few of them could escape.,7.authorize:v (to give formal permission to or for) eg: I authorized Mr Jones to a
29、ct for me while I was away. authority: n 1) Upower to influence eg: Although she has no official position in the party, she has a lot of authority. 2) Ca person, book, etc., whose knowledge or information is dependable, good, and respected eg: He is an authority on English. Chinese parents have more
30、 authority over their children.,8.civil:adj 1)of, belong to, or consisting of the general population; not military or religious国民的,民用的,非宗教的 eg: We were married in a civil ceremony, not in church. 2)(of law) dealing with rights of private citizens; concerned with judging private quarrels between peop
31、le rather than with criminal offences(法律)民事的,民法的 eg: Civil law is different from criminal law. 3)polite enough to be acceptable, esp. if not friendly文明的,客气的(opposite uncivil) eg: Try to be civil to him, even if you dont like him.,9.intent:1)adjonshowing fixed attention (in doing or wishing to do) be
32、 intent on doing eg: Hes intent on going to France. 2)nUpurpose with intent to eg: He entered the building with intent to steal. intention: n (an example of) a determination to act in a certain way eg: 我没有与他结婚的打算. intend: v 1) to plan 2)to mean to be预定,意思是 intend to do/ doing eg: I intend to report/
33、 reporting you to the police. The flowers were intended for you, but my mother thought they were for her. intentional: adj (done) on purpose,10.urgent:adj very important and needing to be dealt with quickly or first be urgent with sb for sth (force sb to do ) urge:1)v to beg or strongly persuade urg
34、e sb to do / into doing 2)n a strong wish or need eg: She felt an urge to hit him.,11.painful:adj causing pain eg:这个有病的妇女感到疼痛,不断地呻吟. pain:n 1) Ugreat discomfort of the body or mind eg:She was in pain/ crying with pain after she broke her arm. 2) C a feeling of suffering or discomfort in a particular
35、 part of the body v: to cause to feel pain in the mind pains: n trouble, effort eg: No pains, no gains. painstaking: adj careful and thorough eg: painstaking care,12.conviction:n 1) (a) very firm and sincere belief have convictions on 2) an occasion on which one has been convicted eg: This was her t
36、hird conviction for stealing. convict:1)v to give a decision as in a court of law that (someone) is guilty of a fault or crime be convicted of sth 2)n a person who has been found guilty of a crime and sent to prison, esp. for a long time,13.clothe: to provide clothes for eg: They have to work hard t
37、o feed and clothe their family. USAGE: Compare clothes, cloth, clothing and dress clothes is the usual word for all the garments that one wears (such as shirts and dresses), and these are made from various kinds of cloth or material (such as wool and cotton) clothing is more formal word for clothes.
38、 A dress is a kind of outer garment worn by women and girls, but in certain expressions dressUcan mean a particular type of clothing . eg: How much cloth/ material will I need to make a pair of trousers? What a pretty dress shes wearing today!,Unit 3 Security,Question,1.Do you think crime is increas
39、ing or decreasing in our society? 2. What measures do we take to prevent burglaries? Is there an anti-burglary door at your apartment?,3.What can be done to reduce crime? 4.In your contact with the outside world, what precautions do we take to steer clear of danger? For example, Do we speak to stran
40、gers? 5.Crime prevention,Words and Expressions,1.dramatically:adj eg: The number of people buying Tv sets has increased dramatically in the last 15 years. She always dresses very dramatically. drama( comedy/ tragedy/ opera),2.bolt:n to hold things together a sliding mental bar that fastens a door et
41、c. v to (cause to) fasten with a bolt( unbolt) eg: This door bolts on the inside. to run away suddenly, as in fear eg: The thief bolted when he saw the policeman .,3.electronic:adj eg: an electronic watch/ electronic music electron/ electronics electricity/ electric/ electrical cf: electric/ electri
42、cal: adj Anything directly worked by or producing electricity is electric. Otherwise, the word is electrical, which is a more general expression, used of people and the work or of things. eg:an electric clock/ light/ shock an electrical engineer/,4.bar:na piece of wood, mental, etc. that is longer t
43、han it is wide eg: a bar of chocolate/ soap/ gold a length of wood or metal across a door, gate, or window that keeps it shut or prevents movement through it eg: His bad English is a bar to his getting a job. (a place with) a counter where alcoholic drinks or food and drinks are sold eg: a snack bar
44、/ a coffee bar behind bars( in prison) v: to forbid or prevent to bar sb. from doing eg: He has been barred from playing for two weeks because of bad behaviour. barrier: n (a bar/ barrier to progress),5.feature:n a (typical or noticeable) part or quality eg: Wet weather is a feature of life in Scotl
45、and. any of the noticeable parts of the face eg: His nose is his best feature. She has a regular features. a special long newspaper article v to include as a special feature to be present as a feature eg: Work features largely in her life.,6.error:n Ca mistake; sth. done wrongly eg: an error of judg
46、ment Uthe state of being wrong in behaviour or beliefs eg: The accident was caused by human error. I did it in error( by mistake).,7.security:n(sth. that provides) the state of being or feeling secure eg: the security of a happy home valuable property promised to a leader of money in case repayment
47、is not made担保品 eg: He used his house as security to borrow the money. secure: adj from, againstsafe, protected against danger or risk eg: a secure life having no doubt or anxiety, confident be secured to sb. eg: The child felt secure near its parents. v to get, esp. as the result of effort eg: Hes s
48、ecured himself a good job. from, against to make safe eg: The soldiers secured the camp against attack.,8.reflect:vto throw back( heat, light, sound, or an image) eg: The mirror reflected my face. to express; or give an idea of eg: Does the letter reflect your real opinions? +that/ onto think carefu
49、lly eg: Take time to reflect before doing important things. reflection/ reflector,Unit 4 EXTRATERRESTRIAL,Preparation,1.Do you believe E.T./ UFO( unidentified flying object)? 2.If its true, what do you want if you met some of it?,WORDS,1.Pessimist:n a person who always thinks that what is going to happen will be bad pessimist optimist pessimism optimism pess