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1、11,情态动词 （Modal verb）,情态动词 modal verbs,can,may,would,could,must,should,might,will,need,ought to,Introduction,情态动词表示说话人对动作或状态的各种观点和态度，如需要、猜测、意愿或怀疑等。情态动词有词义，但不完全，是所谓的“辅助性”动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语。,can /could may/might must /have to /ought to need/will/ would shall/should,can 表示请求，允许，现在的能力和猜测。,_ I go now? (请求) Yo
2、u _ park you car here.(允许) She _ speak three languages. (现在的能力) The news _ not be true.(猜测),can, could, may, might 的主要用法,Read and remember,Look and say,Can/May,can,can,can,could 表示比can更客气的请求,把握不大的猜测。还可能表示过去的能力,但不指已经做过的某事的能力。,_ I smoke here? (请求比can更客气) You _ be right, but I dont think you are. (把握不大
3、的猜测) When he was young, he _ work 24 hours without rest.(过去的能力),Read and remember,Could,could,could,Look and say,Choose the right answer,1._you repair my car？I_not start it. A. Would；would B. Must；must C. Can；can D. May；may,2._she ride when she was three years old？ A.Can B.Could C.Need D.May,3. -Who
4、 is the man over there？Is it Mr Li？ -No，it_be him. Mr Li is much taller. A.mustnt B.may not C.cant D.neednt,4_you tell me how I_ get to the No.19 Middle School? ADo；can BCan；could CCould；can DCould；could,5.You _ give me it next week if you have no time tomorrow. A.may B.could C.need D.will,1) I _(sh
5、all/will) see you tomorrow. 2) We _(shall/will) go to Century Park this Sunday.,shall/should/ought to 的主要用法：,Read and remember,shall/will,Shall,shall,shall/will,1) _(Shall/Will) we dance? 2) Lets go to have a picnic,_(shall/will) we?,Shall与第一人称I, we连用表将来。,Shall用于第一人称征求对方的意愿。,Look and choose,tidily,i
6、n the school building,S1: Should the boy dress like this? S2: No, he shouldnt. He should dress tidily.,1,2,Look and say,a noise in the library,in the classroom,4,5,the school uniform,3,Look and say,情态动词should一般不应被认为是shall的过去式， 其主要用法如下：,1. 表义务，意谓“应该”。 We should do exercise every day. You should brush
7、 your teeth before going to bed. We shouldnt stay up so late.,Read and remember,2.用于表示推测的词，意谓“可能”。如：They should arrive soon. 3. shall 的过去时态, 如：We asked if we should help her.,(should否定式是should not或其缩写形式shouldnt.),should 是情态动词，意为“应该”，表示应该做某种事情，或者表示现在应承担某种责任或义务，有时表示一种推测。,Read and remember,Medicine for
8、 Mr Lee,Mr Lee should/ought to Mr Lee shouldnt/oughtnt to ,Give some advice to Mr Lee.,Look and say,Medicine for Ms Jones,Ms Jones should/ought to Ms Jones shouldnt/oughtnt to ,Give some advice to Mrs Jones.,Look and say,Medicine for Mr Collins,Mr Collins ,Give some advice to MrCollins.,Look and say
9、, ought to 后接动词原形，表责任或义务，译为“应该，应当”., ought to 可用于否定句,其否定形式可缩略为oughtnt.,ought to一般认为与should意思相近, 其主要用法如下：,Read and remember,eg. You ought to go to see the doctor. We ought to start at once.,eg. You ought not to smoke so much. You ought not (oughtnt) to smoke so much.,We must /mustnt ,We must not ride
10、 bicycles here.,We must not walk across the road.,Look and say,We must turn left.,must/have to的主要用法,eg. 1) We must obey rules . 2) He must keep quiet in the library.,must 表必须，必要。,must not/mustnt 译为“不应该”。,eg.1) You mustnt waste water. 2) May I take this book out? No, you mustnt.(不，不行。),Read and remem
11、ber,eg. -Must I go tomorrow? -Yes, _. / No, you _.,Read and remember,must/Im afraid so,neednt/dont have to,Look and say,must 用于一般疑问句时，其肯定答语应用。 Yes, you must或Im afraid so,其否定答语应 No, you neednt 或No, you dont have to.,1.现在式为have (第三人称单数用has) to eg. My parents have to go to church on Sundays. My uncle h
12、as to start work at 8am. 2. 过去式为had to eg. We had to pay 5 yuan for the book. Did he have to come back last night? 3. 将来式 will/shall have to 4. 完成式为have/has/had had to,have to 的含义与must 相似，它有各种形式，随have 的变化而定。其变化与行为动词have 相同。,Read and remember,1,2,cola,cola,orange juice,Would you like some rice dumpli
13、ngs,I like rice dumplings,Look and say,3,4,Would you like some dumplings,I like dumplings,Would you like some moon cakes,No, thanks. I dont like moon cakes. Id rather have a hamburger.,Look and say,Look and say,I _ have a meeting tomorrow afternoon.,will, would的主要用法：,would是will的过去式。,Read and remembe
14、r,will 表将来意图。 will 表示意愿。,will,You needt help me. I_do it myself.,will,They asked us if we _ go there first next day.,would,would可表婉转请求,语气较will委婉。,eg. 1) I need to buy eggs every week. 2) He needs to take the medicine three times a day. 3) Mary needed to come yesterday. 4) Does she need to take her r
15、aincoat?,need的主要用法：,Simon, you _ do your homework today. Leave it for tomorrow. neednt to B) not need to C) dont need D) dont need to,Read and remember, need 作为实义动词时，后带to的动词不定式，有现在时第三人称词尾-s, 过去分词-ed.,Look and choose,eg. 1) He neednt go to the party this evening . 2) Need he go out for dinner?,You _
16、worry about difficulties. We will all help you. A) neednt B) neednt to C) dont need D) not need,Read and remember, need 作为情态动词, 后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。,Look and choose,eg. 1) My mum needs some milk and bread. 2）My mum doesnt need any milk and bread.,Tom _ any help because he can finish the work on time
17、himself. A)doesnt need to B) need to C) doesnt need D) neednt to,Read and remember,Look and choose, need后跟名词，只能是实义动词的用法。,eg. Need he tell you what to do? 疑问句的否定回答：No, you neednt. 疑问句的肯定 回答： Yes, you must.,- Mum, today is Friday. Must I finish my homework now? - No, you _. You may have a rest first a
18、nd finish it tomorrow. A) mustnt B) cant C) may not D) neednt,Read and remember,Look and choose, need作为情态动词使用时不用在肯定句中，在肯定句 中要用must, have to , ought to, should 等来表示。,12,行为动词 （Action verb）,行为动词 action verbs,情态动词后必须加行为动词（或加助动词表示猜测）。,Read and remember,英语中动词可以分为：实意动词和非实意动词。 一般实意动词，也称为行为动词。 行为动词可以分为及物动词和不
19、及物动词，可以单 独作谓语。 非行为动词包括各类助动词，如情态动词，系动词 和do，did等等，不能独立构成谓语。 比如：hit是实意动词，因为“打”是作为一个真实动 作而存在，must，can等不是实意动词，本身并没 有真实的动作存在，要加上实意动词后才能构成谓 语。,Read and remember,一般,根据不同时态，行为动词相应地在肯定，否定和疑问句中要与be动词，do/does/did，have/has等助动词连用。,He didnt work in the hospital.,Does he go to work on foot every day?,They were having a discussion yesterday afternoon when you called.,Have you finished your project yet?,Read and remember,情态动词 （Modal verbs）,行为动词 （Action verbs）,The end,