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1、人教版选修6 Unit 3-4 单元语法 It 用法 江西省临川二中高二英语备课组 Fu Guoming 2012.09.01. 修订,人称代词 1. 指代前文提到的事物/件、情况、地方 2. 代替整个句子或谓语部分所表达的情况/意思 3. 指代身份不明的人、性别不明的婴孩 4. 指代无生命物、动物、植物 5. 代替指示代词this/that或某些复合不定代词 6. 指明某人/某物的身份 7. 表示未知事物,You helped me a lot when I was in trouble. I shall never forget it. She is very stubborn thoug
2、h she doesnt look it. She is nearly fifty, but she doesnt look it. -Who is singing? -It must be Mary. -When shall we meet again? -Make it any day you like; its all the same to me. -Whats that/this? -It is a book./Maybe its a UFO. -Who is it? -Its me. Is it a boy or a girl? Here is my dog. I call it
3、Tommy.,I dropped my coffee cup and it broke. It is hard work, but I enjoy it. There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. Nothing is wrong, is it? I thought it to be her. It was thought to be she. Its I who did it. He bought a new house last year and he has moved into it. Its a cold-bloode
4、d creature. I read about it in some book or other. Does it matter which it was?,-Whats this? -Its a flag. -Whose book is that? -Its hers. -Who is knocking at the door? -Its me. -Who is making such a noise? -It must be the children. -Where is my pen? -It was on the desk a minute ago. -You left it on
5、the telephone. Look at the bird. It always comes on my window. You have helped me a lot. I shall never forget it. I tried my best to persuade him, but it didnt help. The baby is crying. It might be hungry.,It has a population of two million people and is located in the east of Shanghai. He is sixty-
6、six, but he doesnt look it. -Who said so? -Oh, somebody or other. I cant remember who it was.,II. 非人称代词 常用作主语，可表示天气、时间(时刻/日期/星期/年月/季节)、环境、自然现象、温度、距离、价值、度量衡、 It was very quiet at the moment. -What time is it? -It is eight oclock. It often rains in summer. It is a long way to the factory. It is five k
7、ilometers from the office to my home. It was only a short ride. It was already one in the morning and the rain fell against the window.,It is very quiet here at night. -Whats the cost of the bike? -Its 300 yuan. It is winter now. It is too windy in the north. It is too late. I have to be off now. It
8、 rained all day yesterday. It can be very hot here. Its too late to go there now. Pretty hot and wet in the summer, but it can be quite cold in winter. I didnt realize it was going to be this far.,III. 先行代词 1. 作形式主语 It be +adj.+主语从句. It be +p.p.+主语从句. It be + n. + 主语从句. It + vi + 主语从句. It is +adj. +
9、for/of sb to do sth. It is no use/good doing sth. It is easy/fun/interesting/hard/difficult doing sth. It is a good thing/good news that It happened that It turned out that,It takes sb some time to do sth. It is up to sb to do sth. It is a waste of doing sth. It is a nuisance doing sth. It is hard w
10、ork doing sth. It is great fun/useless/senseless/hard/easy/difficult dangerous/worthwhile to do sth/doing sth. It must be pointed out that It should be noted that It has been proved that It has worked out that It strikes me most that,It took me an hour to write the letter. It is up to you to make th
11、e choice. It happened that I was out when he called. It is not easy to finish the work in two days. It is not a good habit to stay up late. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is a pity that you didnt read this book.,2. 作形式宾语 V+形式宾语it+宾补+to do sth/doing sth/从句 make it clear that宾从 keep/bear it i
12、n mind that宾从 take it for granted that宾从 see to it that宾从 Sb love/like/hate/dislike/appreciate/prefer/enjoy it +从句 sb like/take/put it that sth have it that bring it out to sb that 宾从 see to/look to/rely on/insist on/stick to/depend on/ answer for it that,owe it to sb that bring it to sbs attention
13、that keep/bear it in mind that -I dont know whether I should go abroad or not, Mum. -I leave it to your own judgement whether you should do it. 英语中能直接带that引导的宾从的介词很少： except/but/in /besides that I know nothing about him except that he is from Guangdong Province. I could not have believed it but that
14、 I saw it with my own eyes.,Liquids are like solids in that they both have definite volume. Besides that he is from Guangdong, I also know that he is a famous artist. 例题1.（2008江西34） Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agriculture land to provide food
15、for more people. A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that 例题2. I know nothing about the accident except _ I read in the newspaper. A. that B. for C. / D. what,I think it best that you should stay here. We think it no use complaining. We all take it that Tom will win the game. I take it (that)
16、he will come on time. You can put it that it was arranged before. Rumor has it that the minister will resign soon. I dislike it when you whistle. We really appreciate it when she offered to help. Id prefer it if I didnt have to so much work. See to it that you are not late again. Look to it that thi
17、s doesnt happen again. You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.,I cant answer for it that he will come on time. I owe it to you that I am still alive. I took it for granted that he would help us. I think it no use arguing with him. I found it very interesting to learn English. He made it cl
18、ear that he was not interested in this subject. You can depend on it that he will come to help you on time. Please see to it that all the lights are turned off. Many people used to take it for granted that the earth was flat.,I have made it clear that I hate students sleeping in class. I have brough
19、t it out to you that I hate students sleeping in class. I have brought it to your attention that students cant sleep in class. You should keep/bear it in mind that enough practice is crucial in learning English. He insisted on/stuck to it that he was right. I think it best that you should try your b
20、est to improve your English. He used to feel it a terrible thing that he had to do so much homework every day.,I like it that you came. I take it that you will come on time. You can put it that it was arranged beforehand. Rumor has it that the Prime Minister will soon resign. Legend has it that the
21、emperor was buried here. They kept it quiet that he was dead. He doesnt want it to be known that he cheated in the exam. I have heard it said that he cheated in all the exams. We really appreciate it when you offered to help. Id prefer it if you dont tell it to others.,IV. 用于固定/常用句型、固定短语、独立句、习惯 用法中
22、1. 强调句型中 It +be的某种形式+被强调的部分+that/who/whom +其他成分. 注意：除谓语动词和表语以外，其他成分都可以被强调。 Tom saved your life yesterday. It was Tom that/who saved your life yesterday. Was it Tom that saved your life yesterday? Who was it that saved your life yesterday? It was yesterday that Tom saved your life.,Was it yesterday t
23、hat Tom saved your life? When was it that Tom saved your life? It was not yesterday that Tom saved your life. It was tomorrow that he will go to Beijing. It was in 1949 that the Peoples Republic of China was founded. Was it in 1949 that the Peoples Republic of China was founded? When was it that the
24、 Peoples Republic of China was founded? It was not until midnight that he went to bed last night.,It was only when he grew up that Tom began to realise that he should have studied hard. -Tom was once nearly knocked down by a truck. -When was that？ -It was in 1988 when he was still at middle school.
25、It was your life that Tom saved yesterday. Was it them that/whom our teacher regard as the brightest ones? It was in this room that the owner was killed. Was it in this room that the owner was killed? Where was it that the owner was killed？ It was where I left them that I found my keys.,It was in th
26、is way that he worked out this maths problem. It was the way that/in which he said it rather than what he said it that made me very angry. It was not what he said but the way he said it that made me very angry. It was the way that he said it that made me very angry rather than what he said. It is yo
27、u not I that/who are wrong. It is I not you that/who am wrong. It is not you but I that/who am wrong. It is not I but you that/who are wrong.,-How was it that he managed to get the news? -Oh, a friend of his helped him. How was it that he got lost in such a small place? I dont know how it was that h
28、e rescued the boy. I have no idea how it was that he rescued the boy. -How was it that he was late for school this morning? -He didnt feel well this morning. 试比较： How did it come about that? 是发/产生 的？怎么? How did it come about that he was hurt so seriously?,How did it come about that he won the first
29、prize again? Why was it that you looked so unhappy? It was what he said that disappointed me. It was our being late that caused her to serve the dinner an hour later than usual. I dont know what it is that makes her afraid of dogs. It is the people, not things that are decisive. It must have been hi
30、s brother that/whom you saw yesterday. I dont know why it is (that) they dont like me.,考点：What/How/Why is/was it that ? It is that matters/counts. It is notbut/rather thanthat matters/counts. It isthat matters/counts rather than . How was it that the little girl managed to get all the millionaires m
31、oney? Why is it that you can solve complex mathematical problems, but you cant solve simple mechanical problems? What was it that made Mary so upset? It was not what he said but the way that/in which he said it that made me very angry.,强调句中的省略： I think it was Tom (that/who) said it. Was it in the ea
32、rly 1990s (that) this happened? It was then (that) I heard her steps. What was it (that) you want me to do? 英语中如果要强调谓语动词一般在动词原形之前加do/does/did： I did enjoy myself last night. Do be a man! Tom does work very hard.,2. 常用/固定句型中 It be high/about time that sb did sth. It be no wonder/surprise that It seem
33、/look/appear/happen/turn out that/as if/though It is/has been since It was before It is/will be/was the first time that It will be/wont bebefore It is time for sth./to do sth./for sb to do sth. If it were not for If it had not been for,(It is) No wonder/surprise that It seemed as if/though he didnt
34、recognize me. It looks as if it is going to rain.,3. 固定短语中，it 本身有时没有实际含义 Got it. Go it, well back you up. At last we made it. No, thanks. I can manage it myself. Dont make a habit of it. The bus left. We had to foot it home. They tubed it to the downtown. She wanted to brave it out. They had a hard
35、time of it.,It is well with him. It is all over with it. Lets make a go at it. We must stick it out. He decided to go it alone. Oh, hang it all! I forgot to bring back my keys. make it/manage it,4. 习惯用法/搭配中 When it comes to It suddenly came to sb that It suddenly struck sb that It suddenly hit sb th
36、at It came to ones mind that It occurred to sb that It came across ones mind that It remains to be seen whether It crossed ones mind that When it comes to travelling, where have you been in China?,5. 独立句中 Take it easy. Youre in for it. Give it a try. Thats it. It is my treat. Cool it. Chance it.,V.
37、例句分析 It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins to look sick. I have it. Let the sheep cross the bridge first. There being no buses, we had to foot it. A bird landed on my window. It sang and danced. Someone is ringing. Who might it be? Professor Li gave us a lecture yes
38、terday. It was of great interest. Yang Liwei was the first Chinese to be sent up into space. It made the Chinese very proud. What time is it now by your watch?,Tom is an honest boy and I know it. Its early spring and it is already very hot. Is it going to be windy tomorrow? Its about 15 minutes walk
39、 from here to the park. It was raining very hard when I arrived home. How far is it from your company to where you live? -Who is there downstairs? Its the postman. -Who is there talking? Its your father. -Whats that on the desk? It might be a robot. This is your plan, isnt it? Thats not true, isnt i
40、t? It is very nice of you to help me out.,It is very important for us to master the skills of computer. It is no good not listening to your teacher attentively in class. It is great fun climbing mountains on rainy days. It is a fact that the populatuon is still increasing. It is clear that you have
41、made a mistake. It is believed that walking is good for our health. It turned out that he was the thief. It is/has been years since we parted in the West Point. It was a long time before people began to believe his theory.,It wont be long before you regret for what you are doing now. I find it hard
42、to learn how to dance. I made it a rule to keep a diary. I believe it no use reading without understanding. I like it when I lived in the peaceful country. It was not until quite recently that they knew the secret about their failure.,VI. 高考真题 (2011江西25) Why dont you bring _to his attention that you
43、re too ill to work on? A. that B. it C. this D. him 2. (2011山东24) The two girls are so alike that strangers find _difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C. her D. that 3. It was _ he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry. (2009 江西) A. when; then B. not
44、; until C. not until; that D. only; when,4. (2011北京34) The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _. A. then B. those C. it D. that 5. (2011安徽22) Surprisingly, Susans beautiful hair reached below her knees and made _ almost an o
45、vercoat for her. A. them B. her C. itself D. herself 6. (2011重庆27) -Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like. -What do you think of _ over there? A. the one B. this C. it D. that,7. (2011福建21) We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose _ based on your own interests. A. eithe
46、r B. each C. one D. it 8. (2010全国II 14) The doctor thought _ would be good for you to have a holiday. A. this B. that C. one D. it 9. (2010陕西卷12) The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city. A. that B. this C. it D. one 10. (2011天津1) We feel our duty to
47、 make our country a better place. A. it B. this C. that D. one,11. (2010辽宁卷33) The fact that she was foreign made _ difficult for her to get a job in that country. A. so B. much C. that D. it 12. (2010山东卷32) Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age. A. it B. that C. what D. on
48、e 13. -I have read another book this week. -Well, maybe _ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (2009浙江) A. this B. that C. there D. it,14. (2010安徽卷27) It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B. that C. when D. which 15. (2011安徽33）His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what 16. (2011重庆32) -Have