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1、在想要学会四六级之前 首先要明确一个选择题,杜老师是个_人 A牛 B神 C怪 D能让大家四六级都通过的 E不是 F以上都是,英语好的举手,洞房花烛夜时，I believe_。 上厕所拉不出来时，I believe _。 辩论会上突然拉肚子时，I believe_。 吃饭有人呕吐时，I believe_。 跟一个聋子说话时，I believe_。,大学英语四六级讲座,主讲人：杜师名,注意事项,这些知识都是我多年总结的四六级应试经验之谈，只是应对考试采取的无奈之举。方法是独一无二的，尤其是应对考试真的很有用，希望大家能够好好钻研。 特别注意：自己消化，不要外传。,本次讲座后的效果,1. 出题人好白
2、痴 2. 用出题人的白痴来验证自己的聪明 3. 阅读时间3-4分钟，正确率接近全对 4. 完形填空 5. 单词记忆 6. 听力 7. 作文,整体脉络,单词按照程度分：深度、广度 分别考察的是完形填空和阅读理解 单词按照用途分：听、说、读、写 听，即听力；说，即口语； 读，即阅读；写，即作文。 所以阅读、完形、听力、作文以及单词记忆是本次讲座的重点。,单词记忆之词串记忆,以aunt结尾的单词 Gaunt 憔悴的 苍白的 Vaunt 吹牛 Daunt 恐吓 威胁 Jaunt 短途旅行 Flaunt 炫耀 Haunt 常来常往的地方 神出鬼没的地方,单词记忆之词串记忆,以ale结尾的单词 bale
3、灾难 gale 喜欢 Regale 招待 Morale 气势 Stale 腐朽 Alert 警惕,单词记忆之词串记忆,以G开头的单词 Grace 优雅 Glitter 闪闪发光 Grain 谷粒 Grope 摸索,无规则单词,Ponderous 笨重的 Vigorous 精力充沛的 Abortion 堕胎，中途夭折的计划 Delicate 妖娆的委婉的纤细的 Bungalow 平房 scowl 皱眉头 exhaust 筋疲力尽,阅读-找,循环阅读法 1. 汉语注释（2点） 2. 标点 3. 人名地名 4. 主旨,汉语注释的作用,Professor Smith recently persuade
4、d 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses (差错) in a scientific report, he was surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings, Nor did the lapses appear to be entirely rando
5、m (随机的). One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. “the explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer,” explains the professor. “People programme themselves to do certain activities regu
6、larly. It was the womans custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme,” About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these “programme assembly failures.” Altogether the volunteers logged 433
7、 unintentional actions that they found themselves doingan average of twelve each, There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest (荒谬可笑的).The are two hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m. “Among men
8、 the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain programmes occurs, as for instance between going to and from work.” Women on average reported slightly more lapses12.5 compared with 10.9 for menprobably because they were more reliable reporters. A startling finding of the research is that the absent
9、-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worseeven dangerous.,Its no secret that many children would be healthier and
10、 happier with adoptive parents than with the parents that nature dealt them. Thats especially true of children who remain in abusive homes because the law blindly favors biological parents. Its also true of children who suffer for years in foster homes (收养孩子的家庭) because of parents who cant or wont c
11、are for them but refuse to give up custody (监护) rights. Fourteen-year- old Kimberly Mays fits neither description, but her recent court victory could eventually help children who do. Kimberly has been the object of an angry custody baffle between the man who raised her and her biological parents, wi
12、th whom she has never lived. A Florida judge ruled that the teenager can remain with the only father shes ever known and that her biological parents have “no legal claim” on her. The ruling, though it may yet be reversed, sets aside the principle that biology is the primary determinant of parentage.
13、 Thats an important development, one thats long overdue. Shortly after birth in December 1978, Kimberly Mays and another infant were mistakenly switched and sent home with the wrong parents. Kimberlys biological parents, Ernest and Regina Twigg, received a child who died of a heart disease in 1988.
14、Medical tests showed that the child wasnt the Twiggs own daughter, but Kimt only was, thus sparking a custody battle with Robert Mays. In 1989, the two families agreed that Mr. Mays would maintain custody with the Twiggs getting visiting fights. Those rights were ended when Mr. Mays decided that Kim
15、berly was being harmed. The decision to leave Kimberly with Mr. Mays rendered her suit debated. But the judge made clear that Kimberly did have standing to sue (起诉) on her own behalf. Thus he made clear that she was more than just property to be handled as adults saw fit. Certainly, the biological l
16、ink between parent and child is fundamental. But biological parents arent always preferable to adoptive ones, and biological parentage does not convey an absolute ownership that cancels all the rights of children.,In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist
17、 of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member” were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that th
18、e score does not reflect how you deal with stressit only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy. By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Amer
19、icans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Womens magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!” If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events. But such simplisti
20、c advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many-like the death of a loved one-are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful,
21、a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move. The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes were all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境）.But what about human
22、initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.,The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s cen
23、tered around aerobic exercise (有氧操). Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize (获利) on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness s
24、pas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spa
25、s did not seem to benefit financially form the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Man
26、y current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well. Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for Health- related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components
27、have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training
28、be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.,四六级阅读的歪门邪道（绝密）,第一篇：阅读理解题答案项特征 (一)答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案
29、项。这些语气词有： must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very completely, none, hardly等。 例(1) One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _ 。(1995年6月六级题22) A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant。 B. peoples traditiona
30、l concepts about work no longer hold true。 C. most people have to take part-time jobs。 D. people have to change their jobs from time to time。 (分析：四个选项中，C、D两项中都含有“have to“，语气太绝对化，一般被排除。考生在剩下两项中进行选择，就大大降低了难度。),例(2) The main idea of this passage is that _ 。(1991年6月六级题40) A. better use of green space fa
31、cilities have to be made so as to improve the quality of our life。 B. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities。 C. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago。 D. priority must be given to the development of obligatory act
32、ivities。 (二)选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有： can, could, may, should, usually, might, most(大多数)，more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, not necessarily 等。,例(1) It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes _ 。(1999年6月四级题30) A. Americans are more ambitious than peop
33、le in other countries B. in many countries success often depends on ones social status C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America (分析：在作出正确选项进行排除时，比较和极端一般都不对),例(2) According to the passage, whic
34、h of the following statements is true?(1996年1月六级题35) A. Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and blood B. Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a man C. The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of man D. Future intelligent life may not necessarily be
35、 made of organic matter。,例(3) The first paragraph is mainly about _ . (1991年6月六级题22)？? A. the teenagers criticism of their parents B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents C. the dominance of the parents over their children D. the teenagers ability to deal with crisis,例(4) From the p
36、assage it can be seen that employeeship helps one . (1990年1月六级题) A. to be more successful in his career B. to solve technical problems C. to be more specialized in his field D. to develop all his professional skill,第二篇：各类题型干扰项特点,(二)细节题干扰项特点。 不伦不类 正确选项： 是肯定、赞扬、褒义性的(如 positive, support, useful, intere
37、sting, admiring等) 否定、批评、贬义性的(如disgust, critical, negative, disappointment等)而又以否定、贬义性居多。 错误选项： 中性词(如indifferent, ambivalent, neutral, humor, disinterested, impassive)一般均为干扰项。,完型-蒙,Then 的连锁反应 Then there where now later after,名词- 神秘性 重复原则,月上柳梢头，人约_后 A早上 B中午 C黄昏,动词-先后顺序,穿袜子，_，系鞋带 A买彩票 B玩游戏 C穿鞋 A couldnt
38、 help B kept C stop D shouldnt burst out,形容词、副词-正负态度,天热时，刮来一阵大风，我感到_ A 爽 B不爽 A爽 B不爽 C还行,葵花宝典,欲练此功， 必先自宫,若不自宫， 亦可练此功,然，,A,Avoid 避免 As well as 也，又 Amaze 疯狂的 Allow 允许 Acquire 获得，取得 Almost 几乎，差不多 Available 可用的，可获得的 Adjust 适应，调整，校正 Adequate 足够的； Among 经过；处在中；在之内；为所特有 Access 接近，获取 Amount 等于；等同，接近；,B,Broad
39、en 扩展，放宽 Behaviour 行为，举止 Besides 此外，以及,C,Concern 涉及，关系到 Common 普通的，通俗的 Come 来 Consume 消耗，消费 Contain 包含，包括或由构成 Corporation 公司，法人，社团，团体 Control 控制，管理 Consist 由组成；在于；符合 Consistant 一致的 Current 最近的，趋势 Chanllege 挑战,D,Driven 发愤图强的 Differ 相异，不同 Different 不同的，各式各样的 Delay 推迟，延迟 Develop 开发，发展 Doubt 怀疑 Distingu
40、ish 区分，辨别,E,Experience 经验 Emotion 情感，感情 Expand 扩张，使变大 Ever 永远 Essential 基本的，必要的 Encourage 鼓励，鼓舞 Enhance 提高，增加 Environment 外界，环境,F,Fill 充满，装满 Focus 集中，聚焦 For example 举例 Favourable 顺利的，赞许的 Fail 失败，不及格 Field 田，场地,G,Grow 生长，增长 Growth 生长，增长 General 大致的，综合的,H,However 无论如何 Highlight 最重要的事，强光部分 Home 家,I,Ine
41、vitable 不可避免的 Increase 增高 Intensify 增强，强化 Interest 兴趣，爱好 Interact 相互作用，互动 Insignificant 无关紧要的 Impact 影响，冲击力 Income 收入，所得 Intention 意图，目的,J,Jackson,K,Key 关键，钥匙,L,Lead 引领，导致，领头位置 Learn 学习 Large 大的，大量的 Launch 发起，推出 Lack 缺乏，无 Lie 说谎，躺下,M,Maintain 维持，保养 Mostly 主要的，通常 Morever 此外 Meaningful 意味深长的 Memory 记忆
42、力，回忆 Major 较多的，主要的,N,Nagative 消极的 Need 需要,O,Only 仅仅，只有 Over(经常） 在 . 的上方；在 . 期间,P,Predictn 预言 Predictable/unpredictable 可预知的/不可预知的 Positive 积极的，肯定的 Private 私人的 Priority 优先权 Particular 特定的，细节 Possibility 可能性 Prevent 预防 Provide 提供 Portion 部分 Produce 生产 Profession 职业 Pressure 压力 Poss 可能的,Q,Quality 质量,R,
43、Reveal 显示，透露 Resuit 结果 Rate 比率 Require 需要，要求 Role 角色，作用 Realize 实现，了解 Related 相关的 Retire 退休，离去 Retirement 退休的 Receive 接收 Readily 容易的,S,Stage 舞台，步骤 Sense 感觉 Staff 全体职员 Survey 问卷，测量 Service 服务 Shortage 不足 Subject 科目，主题 Send 发送 Select 选择 Sponsor 发起者 Strong 强壮的 Sake 理由 Slip 滑倒 Specific 明确的,T,Technical 技
44、术 Trend 趋势 Touch 触摸 Thanks to 感谢 Turn 轮到,U,Unless 除非 Used 习惯的，二手的 Unique 独特的,V,Vast 巨大的 Via 经由，通过 Visible 看得见的 Vital 至关重要的 Vehicle 手段，工具 Vary 改变 Volume 卷，体积,W,Workforce 劳动力 Wealth 财富，大量 Widespread 分布，广的 Wide 广泛的 When 什么时候 While 当的时候,X,Y,Z,听力,一、短对话部分 短对话听力的一些原则 1 推理原则：一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案。 2
45、 挫折原则：通常要办的事情都是不顺利的（如买东西买不到，订房间客满等） 3 男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。 男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家 女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好 4 父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学习 5 除了父母教育子女外，家里（包括朋友家，阿姨家等等）发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似 at home / at Marys home之类的选项一般都是不对的。 6 四级听力短对话只考日常生活
46、学习中遇得到事情，问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项,短对话十大场景及一般思路 1 借车：车一般是借不到的 2 吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，“派”一般比较好吃 3 考试：作业、论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜，教授一般比较严厉，选修课较难较多 4 坐车（飞机、轮船）：一般都需要等 5 事故（灾难）：光明原则，一般不会死人 6 听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的 7 论文：一般需要修改（polish）或重写（rewrite） 8 休闲：男生一般喜欢待在家里看TV或者看moive，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术如theater 9 医
47、院：需要预约make an appointment 10. 买票：基本上是买不到的,正确答案的特征 1 含义肯定的不是正确选项，模糊的是正确选项 意思具体的不是正确选项，概括的是正确选项 意思详细的不是正确选项，抽象的是正确选项 意思肤浅的不是正确选项，深刻的是正确选项 2 含有一下单词的一般是正确选项 neither / either / also / besides / almost / especially / possibly / probably / likely perhaps / might / may / maybe / could /can / all / none 3 含有
48、以下三种结构的一般可能是正确选项 系表结构（系动词+标语表语)、比较结构（than)、复合句 4 含有四级词汇替换项的一般是正确选项 5 表示“同意或不同意”，“喜欢或不喜欢”，“应该或不应该的”的一般为正确选项 6 以下三种选项一般其中有一个可能是正确选项 反意项、 形似项、 近似项 7 同意项不可能是正确选项，等例排除。等立排除 8 绝对化选项，一般不是正确答案，可直接排除,按题型分类 关于时间推断题 1 直接听到的不选 2 极限值即值最大和最小的选项一般不选 关于数字计算题 1 灾难题（如飞机失事、交通事故）：一般选总和 2 号码题 double 表示两个，double two =22 triple 表示三个，triple two = 222 凡是遇到一时反映不过来或听不懂的数字一般为“0” 3 价格计算题 打折题discount discount of 10% 表示打9折 此类题目一般选第二大的数字（最大的一般是原价，第二大的一般就是打完折的） 单价题 one / each 此类题目较难也很少考，一般在有倍数关系的一对数字中选小的