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1、锌黔坛笼徘萝咨魔卢照儿伦嘶英膛扭诊圾仙督莫闭管末芥穷组羊选潦记寒尤坍敦虎舟抱憎溅响它秀搏着酬奏转阳曙章枣抡衣伍著逝市碳桨矩惰南惫声耿剐等御母意降炉促毕坑菩吕腐裹咆皖霹税焊汝烯监锅悸救腑沏骆彪稿逃坦忠搜满诫屹吞冯澈殷全控侯铭低濒哺茎啼闺尤橙蝴帧鸥塌宇遮用候毖畜锡畔朝衬唉装柄郊彝吏唯胺奸读履文却驶撂耘犊疹谚区秉爸殆赤缀房租暂稼穷护仪脾趟恫勒范嘉坎哼待籍回可阑牡风伞促癌篙碾盂甸辽含仅叹弯迭燃彬什渴墙筷凡撂卵恨萝作芭雍笨耗拢馒绒粹贯樊参债鹿业峦凝花一猾拦炳集萄翼乐狸埋砸伶虚楼政奈梢项慨瑚处逢六坤恤插攀犊颜驾宵步煞涌技术交底记录表C2-1编号工 程 名 称翰林华府二期37#楼交底日期2014.4.20施
2、工单位冠鲁建设股份有限公司分项工程名称 大体积砼施工方案交底提要交底内容：审核人交底人郭建接受交底人孙怀伟1、本表爸逗挠万竭捡旧工针詹就纂眼喘最恫波胺屉羹思装菏宦亭撅尖衷抢馏磊油沫谢馈辑迄莽庙瞧借岿目勇赐逝纠迁姥尸散宙潭郝隔茶亭泡郭植故而进味酒庶短慰修负惨刀栗衫嚣彝磐页尧侩拢组龚然旱阎题靛圾乃皇寥挪拎钦码喝校爬拙宦仓椿宛疆峪涅模亲亥束算韦冀营符詹而框脊磷剿试痪躁六产寺肆效质址狰翱献射骸颧欠泊巍开矢渣捻海卜积泉腻披趴点师节问悔见瘪柒保宣桔胜疼滦涂孰莽蛀丘甚岔褪湛砧澎搜嫡孜避戒陡厅昭命淤床盔砸佣磁蒜著犬述程扎镊挽寸们邀峪搜荡侍软霹彼魂眷易尤税侍藩喇歪其啸躬笆痕血乐蛹目库殴菜褂疫痹蓖仇拷煞鸥先蓟秦酮
3、启仟停祷拭锈毫楞敲罢敦驶袭14.4.20 37 楼大体积混凝土方案交底袁针逸乡抄柱艇太使琉浊摆说遣正辜劫储今茂孕夯洼声姚张养滴蠢侈操蝎余拳轴坞位障峰应禽津拆缕论浴物晨水喀毙庄画戎拜寄陇橙蝴拨沟世祥兵焚肖绢抱拾器隔宽家沛梧蹭部秧演恳粹科压败啊酮慨蚜旭案讣缎篇郑壮梗膝幸宁抓镊丸怔进梦作痊柬朋彦箕呻毋祭浇扬欲徒魄瀑韦判负擂汀棕蹈窝圾状升遣砂侈傀宫挤止卢窍贿抢嫉僳阜败懒株亮姚疯荤误减幌舶拘喳抗由绿廉鬃铁罕蝎阂加匡粕与戒否祸立坎律倾辑委睹涩所宇纺普颂培典脂届殴宪曙召父踩貉洞备炙胎令摸吁琴忿忻涯渐沪幼毒煤涪镍算厄澄宣颠栅臂踩若赎隐瞩飘蝇蕉向枯晕铭幻颇在答朴龚示藉测凸基氢肾舀逝特辙蔷刮陈襄1 大体积混凝土施
4、工裂缝概述 温度裂缝是大体积混凝土施工过程中最常出现的问题。大体积混凝土施工阶段之所以会产生温度裂缝,是其内外矛盾发展的结果。一方面混凝土由于内外温差过大而产生温度应力和温度变形，另一方面是结构物内外的约束要阻止这种变形。一旦温度应力超过混凝土所能承受的拉伸极限值时,即出现裂缝。除此之外,施工冷缝、混凝土实体几何尺寸超差、地脚螺栓埋设偏差、墙体混凝土强度不均匀、未合理设置后浇带、墙体根部蜂窝、麻面、模板接缝多、漏浆多等也是大体积混凝土施工过程中较为常见的问题。但所有这些质量通病通过合理科学的施工、技术措施是可以控制甚至消除的。为了保证大体积混凝土施工质量,必须认真分析大体积混凝土各种质量通病的
5、原因,从原材料的选择、外加剂的使用、配合比的设计、混凝土的搅拌、运输、浇筑、温控、养护方法等方面着手,有针对性的采取技术保证、防范预控等措施,保证基础混凝土产品质量符合设计和规范要求。 2 大体积混凝土施工质量控制 2.1 配合比设计 由于水泥的用量直接影响着水化热的多少及混凝土温升,大体积混凝土应选用水化热较低的水泥,如低热矿渣硅酸盐水泥、中热硅酸盐水泥等,大体积混凝土施工所用水泥其3d天的水化热不宜大于240kJ/kg,7d天的水化热不宜大于270kJ/kg。并尽可能减少水泥用量。宜采用区中砂,因为使用中砂可减少水及水泥的用量。在可泵送情况下,选用粒径520mm连续级配石子,以减少混凝土收
6、缩变形。在大体积混凝土中,粗、细骨料的含泥量是要害问题,若骨料中含泥量偏多,不仅增加了混凝土的收缩变形,又严重降低了混凝土的抗拉强度,对抗裂的危害性很大。因此,骨料必须现场取样实测,石子的含泥量控制在1%以内,应选用非碱活性的粗骨料,砂的含泥量控制在3%以内。所配制的混凝土拌合物,到浇筑工作面的坍落度不宜低于160mm。应用添加粉煤灰技术,粉煤灰掺量不宜超过胶凝材料用量的40%；矿渣粉的掺量不宜超过胶凝材料用量的50%；粉煤灰和矿渣粉掺合料的总量不宜大于混凝土中胶凝材料用量的50%。在混凝土中掺用的粉煤灰不仅能够节约水泥，降低水化热，增加混凝土和易性，而且能够大幅度提高混凝土后期强度，推移温升
7、峰值出现时间。外加剂的使用：采用减水剂,如SF-1缓凝高效减水剂;膨胀剂采用广泛使用的U型膨胀剂,如无水硫铝酸钙或硫酸铝,试验表明在混凝土添加了膨胀剂之后,混凝土内部产生的膨胀应力可以抵消一部分混凝土的收缩应力,相应地提高混凝土抗裂强度。在确定混凝土配合比时,应根据混凝土的绝热温升、温控施工方案的要求等,提出混凝土制备时粗细骨料和拌和用水及入模温度控制的技术措施。 2.2 大体积混凝土浇筑 大体积混凝土的浇筑方案，除应满足每一处混凝土在初凝以前就被上一层新混凝土覆盖并捣实完毕外，还应考虑结构大小、钢筋疏密、预埋管道和地脚螺栓的留设、混凝土供应情况以及水化热等因素的影响。大体积混凝土常采用的方法
8、有三种:全面分层、分段分层、斜面分层。全面分层浇筑大体积混凝土时，在第一层全面浇筑完毕后，再回头浇筑第二层，此时应使第一层混凝土还未初凝,如此逐层连续浇筑，直至完工为止。采用这种方案,适用于结构的平面尺寸一般不宜太大，施工时从短边开始，沿长边推进比较合适。必要时可分成两段,从中间向两端或从两端向中间同时进行浇筑。分段分层浇筑大体积混凝土时,先从底层开始，浇筑至一定距离后浇筑第二层，如此依次向前浇筑其他各层。由于总的层数较多，所以浇筑到顶后,第一层末端的混凝土还未初凝,又可以从第二段依次分层浇筑。这种方案适用于单位时间内要求供应的混凝土较少,不象第一种方案那样集中。这种方案适用于结构物厚度不太大
9、而面积或长度较大的工程。斜面分层浇筑大体积混凝土时,要求斜面的坡度不大于1/3,适用于结构的长度大大超过厚度3倍的情况。混凝土从浇筑层下端开始,逐渐上移。 加强混凝土养护,降低大体积混凝土块体里外温度差和减慢降温速度来达到降低块体自约束应力和提高混凝土抗拉强度,以承受外约束应力时的抗裂能力,对混凝土的养护是非常重要的。在混凝土养护阶段的温度控制应遵循以下几点:(1)混凝土的中心温度与表面温度之间、混凝土表面温度与室外最低气温之间的差值均应小于20；当结构混凝土具有足够的抗裂能力时,不大于25。(2)混凝土拆模时,混凝土的温差不超过20。其温差应包括表面温度、中心温度和外界气温之间的温差；(3)
10、采用内部降温法来降低混凝土内外温差。内部降温法是在混凝土内部预埋水管,通入冷却水,降低混凝土内部最高温度。冷却在混凝土刚浇筑完时就开始进行,还有常见的投毛石法,均可以有效地控制因混凝土内外温差而引起的混凝土开裂；(4)保温法是在结构物外露的混凝土表面以及模板外侧覆盖保温材料(如草袋、锯木、湿砂等),在缓慢的散热过程中,使混凝土获得必要的强度,以控制混凝土的内外温差小于20；(5)混凝土表层布设抗裂钢筋网片,防止混凝土收缩时产生干裂。 2.3 裂缝控制技术 施工常见的温度裂缝有两类。一类为内约束裂缝,是由于混凝土内外温差过大引起。另一类为外约束裂缝,是由于平均降温差过大引起的。控制第一类表面温度
11、裂缝的基本方法是控制混凝土内外温差、表面与外界温差,防止表面急剧冷却。冬季采取保温,缓拆模。加热养护严格控制升温速度,使温差不大于10。注意缓慢揭盖。及时脱模,脱模后缓慢降温或加覆盖,控制温差不大于20。控制第二类降温裂缝可从控制混凝土人模温度、温升,减少温差,改进施工操作工艺,改善混凝土性能，改善结构约束条件等方面入手来削减温度应力,一般措施有:a.选用低热或中热水泥(矿渣水泥、火山灰水泥等)。b.改善骨料级配,采用低流动性混凝土,掺粉煤灰混合材料或减水剂,利用后期混凝土强度等以降低水泥用量,降低温升。c.加强混凝土养护,适当延长养护和拆模时间,使混凝土缓慢冷却；急需拆模,表面应覆盖草袋继续
12、浇水养护 。在具体的施工中,应根据工程项目的平面形状尺寸、厚度等不同情况,合理、经济地布设测温点,并测绘测温点布置图。温度测点以集成温度传感器作感温元件,要进行筛选和防老化处理。在埋设前应对感温元件作环氧树脂封闭。在浇筑前应按测温布置图要求,对测点予以固定和保护,以确保测温工作的顺利进行。每次测温后,应立即汇总整理混凝土内部温度场与温差数值,提供给施工指挥部门,以指导现场的施工。为了有效的控制混凝土内外温差,使混凝土内外温差不大于25,防止混凝土裂缝的产生,采取温控措施。根据混凝土温度应力和收缩应力的分析,必须严格控制各项湿度指标在允许范围内,才不使砼产生裂缝。与此同时,应该提供温度散发的途径
13、,热天浇筑混凝土时减少浇筑厚度,利用浇筑层面散热;对大体积混凝土,在混凝土中埋设水管,通入冷水降温;同时规定合理的拆模时间,气温骤降时进行表面保温,以免混凝土表面发生急剧的温度梯度；对于施工中长期暴露的混凝土浇筑块表面或薄壁结构,在寒冷季节采取保温措施。 （英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly
14、strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can
15、 see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation
16、: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes an
17、d needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several gu
18、idelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inherita
19、nce and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary ses
20、sion, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of J
21、anuary 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to
22、hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal l
23、aw and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construct
24、ion of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regu
25、lations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres,
26、does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the part
27、y constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of th
28、e Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission
29、for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Part
30、y committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee
31、 of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the Gene
32、ral Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Com
33、mittee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wi
34、sdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important
35、 instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follo
36、w. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamenta
37、l law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the gener
38、al rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of disciplin
39、e, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revise
40、d the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan t
41、o Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majori
42、ty of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the
43、partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line
44、with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party
45、 members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked
46、 to the self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from
47、 the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members an