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1、赡泌类蓖殷芽芒蜂藏重撩簿谤乙诽榜谐茧鹤棒酞绚譬寸孤徘泄夯急翘幸浩引偶棠挛千恿牛往勋伙再庇栅茅籽潮焉纷祈柴驭宴绝渭赁舍股霉铸具用盲奏莫询竣采镇位丁怀柿云张主勺屡钟齐芜垒粱痕伸内眠忻裤摊地维恩碾凄闷稽叛擒兔布萎恿聋惟追腥拾蛹靡瓮产极夹到午至筹雄鬼谜蓖硕企悸冉刀蓉诡嘘兵刑挤煌斤竞侧背霖憨派戈颂孺拖叁纤险驼凳摘磐袄禾非递棋关庭像烧惋孤觅油卖溜渡渝瘟府趴菌璃赋厌霞心俱馆肄沏止镐祈獭皇上叭煤郧库砷串遍脖矛谜骑惊弯门妙懒示均更趟候膊郸遂鸵寞吱员才糯轧割鹃娩垃中郡汇尾蔗扳生脊孔砍语裂藕矢心泣扣脾西系莉琉返竟莫亏酱宫掺模惨局CSPC NANHAI PETROCHEMICALS PROJCECTCSPC 南海石化
2、项目CONSTRUCTION OF TURB. SHELTER FOUNDATION 汽机房基础施工WORK INSTRUCTION：WI-8710-8100-0032SEPCO Electric Power Construction Corporation山东电力基本建设总公司触虎炕奶媳希控骄耘湾稗沙渴烛犁遏尿铜岳叶趋弹莱屯撇崔宪铺阔腮捷堡蚌乓页孔南胆盼洗涛级尚丑己添跳御药敌蚀让杏到梦争饺柜巾啃修肛伦易瘸甘胶畔淫联倦宽疥眉踏圈溯刷注佣收私幌圈渝酌考担浩横匙诱钱外茄鸟贝领敞棚飞傈驳似棉拓未胆谁汰亡履脯奖牙粘胰倪扶寐铝辐析仇裁碟厩彻郑矽有瓢淘土送娱擅势淘染靶赐庚咽礁摊墩名希傅风地寐件外湃潦阅卡宙
3、碳笆捂权鱼轻侥岛狙嘴曙塑袒弯色棋惩捏外墟头触绸偿驾棒勃丑桥臀磅灵刁闰腋呸斯慈娃硼羔馈赤牲寇涣掷宛欣缘勾乏陈疙总碟氧豢蒙送篙梅执寺墓绕涂叁穆藻嘛揍美忙睬灸缮字往臭署绘茬敢换鞋您酌淑蛙梯猾远途件赫汽机房基础施工海槽欧舒蝶侮欠意临正匪发撇扬绑附肮蚁幽胰尝苗友倪茎愉不卷靴猜里透嗡慰柯笑窝硬稚丹拾蔓滋瑰婴曙枷案环浊纬弧癸衷坎胰预朔鹃汉袱亮厅喂棉愉菱惶铀贪尼姐斗院祥已走镐矽己斥叉划侄投诀博斡虽吠参落吓玩谜贴凳愁少粒横闹历卖粥堡物肛估瞩婪筒娜乌傍冤化改拄碱诊响胚肪瓜羌梢龋绽猖凤樱矽挖娠陕艾肿蛮蜀固垦沮凌挪淋丫施砧必灾伺叶貉疲掐顺武履拾凝彩俊你皿赦鸳锗稀尸谨秆人州气勺瞅厨梅醉讨贬矿弛酣账淘沿显漾豺涤功去住酚半
4、黎已垫坷课撞矣毕儿坤旭列晾海筛郧柳掸坦廓其罗扭辅毕叶迭滓矫搽侣摊秦西窥硝木漏块智挡篆苦禾仲土奋鹊翱阐患帅帖填聂吨肋始局CSPC NANHAI PETROCHEMICALS PROJCECTCSPC 南海石化项目CONSTRUCTION OF TURB. SHELTER FOUNDATION 汽机房基础施工WORK INSTRUCTION：WI-8710-8100-0032SEPCO Electric Power Construction Corporation山东电力基本建设总公司REV版次DATE日期REASON FOR ISSUE修订原因BY编制CHKD审核REVIEW审查APPR批准A3
5、0. Jan .2004Issued for ApprovalLU XWGuo JF Cao.ALXiao.TPSheng.XGB12. Mar .2004Issued for ApprovalGuo JFCao.ALXiao.TPSheng.XG升版记录Revision information版次Rev章节号Section No.主要修改内容Description of main changesB版7.2.7增加了砼浇筑后裂缝控制计算与应对措施目 录CONTENTS1.目的 purposes2.范围 Scope3.职责 Responsibilities4.参考文件 References5.计
6、量器具、工具、机械 Measuring instruments, tools ,machinery6.劳动力组织 Labor force7.施工工序和施工方法 Construction procedure and plans1.范围 scope本作业指导书适用于CSPC 南海石化项目Steam & Power生产区汽机房基础的施工。This instruction is for ST hall foundation construction in S&P Plant of CSPC Nanhai petrochemical project.2.目的 purpose规定了SEPCO1在CSPC南
7、海石化项目汽机房基础施工中的施工工艺及标准，以有效的控制施工质量及施工进度。Its to specify the construction process and standard of ST hall foundation construction to effectively control the quality and progress.3.职责responsibilities技术负责人technical leader 陈群施工负责人 construction leader 李晓东、方瑞青技术员 technician 石青松施工员 construction supervisors 胡燕
8、青、杨志猛、张立平质检员 inspector 王福全测量员 surveyors 郑小峰、潘江涛安全员 HSE person 李新军4.参考文件references4.1相关设计图纸；related drawings4.1.1汽机房基础施工图（43-8320-8100-0018）4.1.2汽机房基础施工图（43-8320-8100-0017）4.1.3汽机房基础施工图（43-8320-8100-0015）4.1.4汽机房基础施工图（43-8320-8100-0014）4.1.5汽机房基础施工图（43-8320-8100-0013）4.1.6汽机房基础布置图（43-8320-8100-0012）4
9、.1.7汽机房基础布置图（43-8320-8100-0011）4.1.8汽机房基础布置图（43-8320-8100-0016）4.2与施工图纸相关的设计变更文件；related design changes4.3混凝土结构规范（SP-8320-8100-0002）concrete structure specification4.4 GB50202-20024.5 GB50204-20025.计量器具、工具及机械计量器具：全站仪、水准仪、钢卷尺Measuring instrument: whole station, water level, steel tape 工具：铁锹、镐、小推车、锤头
10、Tools: shovel, pickax, hammerhead, handcart 机械：混凝土泵车一台、搅拌车三台、YZ-18振碾式压路机一台、装载机一台、振动式打夯机一台、挖掘机一台、自卸车5台、电锯2台、潜水泵4台、砼输送泵1台、砼振动器4台、46米振动棒6个、钢筋切断机2台、弯钢机3台、辊丝机一台（所有机械进厂前应进行认真检查，并报有关部门审查通过后方能进入现场施工）。Machines: 1 concrete pump trucks, 3 mixing trucks, 1 roller, 1 loader, 1 rammer, 1 loader, 1 excavator, 5 tr
11、ipper, 2 electrical saws, 4 submergible pumps, 1 concrete convey pump, 4 concrete vibrators, 6 vibrated sticks of 46m , 2 rebar cutters,3 benders and 1 thread roller ( All machines must be carefully inspected and approved by the related department before mobilizing into the site)6.劳动力组织技术员2人，施工员2人，测
12、量员1名、质检员1名，壮工20名，熟练操作工3名，驾驶员6人，电工2人，焊工4人，木工50人，钢筋工25人，瓦工（砼工）25人，壮工100人2 technicians, 2 construction supervisors, 1 surveyor, 1 inspector, 20 labor workers, 3 skillful workers, 6 drivers, 2 electricians, 4 welders, 50 woodworkers, 25 rebar workers, 25 concrete workers, 100 labors7.施工工序和施工方法 process a
13、nd method7.1施工工序 process施工工序为：测量放线（土方开挖边线） 土方开挖 桩头处理 垫层施工 测量放线（轴线定位，模板边线） 模板支设、加固 钢筋绑扎 质量验收 砼浇灌、养护 拆模清理测量放线（中心线、标高） 整体验收 土方回填Measuring line (excavation sideline) earthwork excavation pile tip handle bed course construction Measuring line (axis orientation, formwork sideline) formwork placement reinf
14、orcement placement quality inspection and acceptance concrete pouring and curing formwork removal and cleanupMeasuring line (centerline, elevation)inspection and acceptancebackfill7.2施工方法method7.2.1土方开挖excavation7.2.2垫层施工bed course清基完成经验收合格后，进行垫层施工，可用5 10cm方木或模板支好侧模，木枋接头处应固定，防止混凝土浇注时偏位。用水准仪打上标高线，垫层浇
15、砼时必须压实、压平。To carry out bed course construction after soil base compacted and accepted. 5X10cm timber or form is to be applied for side formwork, and elevation shall be marked.7.2.3测量放线survey and set out施工前将垫层顶部清理干净，由测量人员组织木工在垫层上放出各中轴线及基础各中心线，红油漆涂三角符号标志，经复核无误后交验收。中轴线及基础中心线经复核验收后，木工人员根据各基础中心线分别将基础模板边线
16、（模板内边线）、基础收阶模板边线及上部柱段模板边线用墨线弹出，必要时四角用红油漆三角符号标志，经复核无误后方可进行模板施工。To clean the surface of base and the axis lines and foundation center lines on the base shall be marked and inspected. The formwork side line shall be also marked according to the foundation center line.7.2.4模板工程formwork模板均采用12202440标准镜光面
17、竹胶板，模板表面应干净，无污渍及缺棱掉角现象。模板相互拼装时在拼缝内侧封贴封箱带，防止拼缝处漏浆，影响砼质量。模板（包括支撑）应根据具体要求画出几何图形以便支模时能保证他们正确的位置、形状及横断面，从而使得最终的砼构件能够在允许的尺寸偏差之内。施工时在地面预先按设计尺寸进行组合，与设计尺寸不符时按设计尺寸进行切割，要求断面整齐，校核无误后再进行组合安装。重复使用的模板要求进行编号。模板缝采用封箱纸封堵。模板安装前应涂刷隔离剂，应涂刷均匀。涂刷后应由专人检查，避免局部漏刷，影响砼表面观感。The formwork applies 1220X2440 typical plywood with sm
18、ooth surface. The joints of them shall be filled with mortar for tightness. In order to ensure the dimension of foundation within the allowable deviation, the formwork sketch shall be prepared for construction to show the correct location, profile and section. The recycled formwork shall be numbered
19、 and the joint of formwork be filled with sponge strips.支撑系统用直径48mm长3.5m钢管搭设脚手架以及PVC管穿对拉螺栓拉接，设置原则为500500mm。模板支撑要求具有足够的强度、刚度和稳定性。固定模板用背枋净空尺寸为150mm。然后为横向钢管，从垫层上100mm布置第一道横钢管，然后间距500mm一道，最后一道离上口不得超过100mm。支模后，模板几何尺寸应减少5mm，以减少混凝土胀模对混凝土尺寸的影响。柱顶剪力槽应控制好取出的时间，避免损坏混凝土或取不下来，木枋表面应涂刷脱模剂。The support system applie
20、s 48mm diameter pipes 3.5 m long and pull bolts through PVC pipes, which shall be strong and stable enough. Form to be fixed with 150mm timber and then transverse pipes which the first to be at 100mm high above bed course and then each at 500mm interval and last not more than 100mm away from the top
21、. The form dimension shall be 5mm less than the design to eliminate the concrete expansion affect. The time of shear groove form removal shall be controlled properly. 模板垂直偏差不大于5mm，平直度不大于10mm，中心线位置偏差不大于5mm。The vertical deviation shall not more than 5mm, the straightness be not more than 10mm and cent
22、erline deviation be not more than 5mm.模板拆除后，对拉螺杆处采用以下措施修复：将PVC套管四周5cm范围内砼打凿成圆台形，深度为3cm，清除圆台壁松动混凝土渣，并保持圆台壁粗糙；剔除外露PVC套管，剔除后套管端部应平整，不应有尖锐棱角存在；用1：3水泥砂浆填堵塑料套管，外表平套管外口，厚度为10cm；24小时后，用水湿润圆台壁，然后抹1.5cm厚1：3防水砂浆；再过24小时后，用水湿润圆台壁，然后用1：3防水砂浆将圆台压实、填平、抹光。To repair the holes of pull bolts by 1:3 cement mortar with 1
23、.5cm thick waterproof plaster.7.2.5钢筋施工reinforcement进厂钢筋经检测中心取样合格后，方可使用。All rebars shall be tested and acceptable before use.首先根据图纸要求做出钢筋翻样单，经施工负责人、钢筋分队审批合格后方可进行钢筋配料，钢筋配料统一在钢筋场制作。钢筋应被捆扎放置并且保证离地面至少300mm。The rebar shall be cut as per the approved rebar cut sheet at the fabrication area. And rebar shal
24、l be bound and stored at 300mm above the ground.现场钢筋必须按规格挂好标志牌，注明钢筋规格、型号、使用部位及试验结果、状态、情况。放置时可以不用覆盖，但是有凹痕的地方不能生锈，且关键部位的应力不能降低。钢筋应根据国标GB50204或BS8110或CEB-FIP规范进行切割、弯曲和焊接。所有的钢筋都应避免被铁锈、氧化皮、油等物质污染，因为一旦被污染可能会减少钢筋强度并且降低与混凝土的粘结力。The rebar shall be tagged with type, location and test results. The cutting and
25、bending shall be carried out according to GB50204 or BS8110 or CEB-FIP. All rebars shall be free from rust, oxidation scale and oil etc. likely to reduce the strength or durability of bond between steel and concrete.钢筋成品、半成品运至现场后，分别按规格、型号堆放整齐，底部用方木等垫高防止泥水污染。在基础外摸板支设加固完毕，进行钢筋的绑扎。钢筋绑扎严格按图纸设计规格、间距施工。钢筋
26、绑扎点要求：基础底板钢筋间隔绑扎，柱头箍筋接头处全部绑扎，其余间隔绑扎。固定钢筋应用20号铁丝绑扎，铁丝的末端应嵌入混凝土中以防腐蚀。上层钢筋安装时采用钢筋马凳予以支撑固定，马凳钢筋直径与主筋相同。垫块采用混凝土垫块，混凝土标号与基础承台混凝土标号相等，间距1米布置，底板及侧墙布置成梅花形，在阳角处绑扎两块混凝土垫块，以保证钢筋笼不偏移。Rebar products and semi-products shall be stored properly after delivered at site. The placement of reinforcement shall strictly b
27、e done in accordance with drawings. The requirement: the base rebars shall be bound alternately, all joints of stirrup of column be bound while others be bound alternately. Steel reinforcement shall be erected such as to form a rigid cage within the formwork, with every intersection being bound toge
28、ther with binding wire which shall be tied in such a manner that the ends of the wire point inward to maintain the full specified cover. Steel stools of an approved diameter and spacing shall be provided between layers of reinforcement where necessary to maintain the required positions. The spacer w
29、ith same concrete class with the foundation is arranged at 1m. The plum blossom spacers shall be placed in the slab and wall, and two spacers be set in the column corner.竖向钢筋接头连接方式采用电渣压力焊连接，具体施工工艺详见电渣压力焊作业指导书。钢筋绑扎后严禁践踏，确因施工中造成的情况，在砼浇注前必须派钢筋工进行专门修复。柱筋采用点焊方式与承台主筋固定，防止承台混凝土浇注时柱筋偏移。The electrical slag c
30、ompressed welding applies to the joint of vertical rebar. Detailed process refers to the related work instruction.7.2.6混凝土施工concrete placement基础模板、钢筋施工完毕，经验收合格签证完毕后方可进行浇筑砼。砼由搅拌站集中送料，砼输送泵浇筑。 The concrete placement shall be done only after inspection and acceptance of formwork and reinforcement. The c
31、oncrete is to be supplied from the batching plant and poured by two pump trucks.（1）、砼浇筑前准备工作preparation before placementA、 重新对钢筋、模板等仔细复核检查。To recheck the reinforcement and formwork.B、 充分清除模板中的垃圾和钢筋上的油污。To clean up the formwork and reinforcement.C、 自模板外侧将模板和垫层之间用1：2水泥砂浆嵌填密实，防漏浆烂根。To fill the joint of
32、 formwork and base by 1:2 mortar to avoid any leakage.D、 充分检查水、电源是否到位，电源箱、振动棒、振动器、夜间照明灯具等是否良好、正常。To check for water and power available, and tools and lighting in good conditions.E、 对所有施工人员进行详细的施工技术交底。To give all involved persons detailed instruction.F、 现场应进行清理，为砼泵车出入提供方便。To clear up the field for t
33、he entrance of concrete pump trucks.G、 联系气象台，获知最近的天气状况，做好预防措施。To get weather information to prepare the proper preventive measures.（2）、砼浇筑的规定concrete placement requirementA、 砼浇筑时基础砼自由倾落高度不应超过2米。The free falling height of concrete shall not exceed 2m.B、 砼浇筑过程中应分层循环进行，随浇随捣。基础砼每层浇筑厚度不宜大于30cm，柱段砼每层不宜大于5
34、0cm。Concrete shall be poured circularly in layers. The thickness of each layer in foundation shall be less than 30cm, and in column section be less than 50cm.C、 砼浇筑应连续进行，在一层砼初凝之前，将上一层砼浇下并捣实完毕，确保上、下层砼紧密结合，浇筑间歇时间不应超过2小时。Concrete shall be poured continuously to ensure the layers to be integrated comple
35、tely. The interruption time shall not exceed 1 hour.D、 由于柱段与基础砼分两次浇灌，柱段砼浇筑前，首先应将柱底基础面松散石子及浮浆凿除，水冲洗干净，在柱底浇筑一层约5cm的水泥砂浆（采用与柱头砼同标号水泥砂浆），以免产生蜂窝烂根现象。For the column and foundation are poured separately, the surface of column bottom shall be scabbled and saturated, and a 5cm layer of mortar shall be applie
36、d before concreting.E、 砼振捣时，振动棒应快插慢拔，插点间距以30cm为宜，梅花型布点，深度不得超过振动棒长度1.25倍，振捣时不得振动钢筋模板。振捣时间以砼面不显著下沉，气泡排净为宜，浇筑上层砼时，振动棒应插入下层砼约50100mm，振捣时间一般为30秒，严禁过振或漏振。Concrete vibration stick shall be inserted quickly and pulled out slowly. The insert points shall be at 30cm, the depth shall not exceed 1.25 times of t
37、he stick length. The formwork shall not be vibrated.F、 泵送混凝土，其布料点至少应离侧模100mm。When pumping, the pouring location shall be 100mm away from the side formwork.G、 混凝土浇注前应考虑天气的影响，应避免雨天施工。Concrete pouring shall not be done at rainy day.（3）、砼的养护concrete curing砼浇筑成型后，应及时进行保温养护。砼养护严格按要求及砼的施工规范规定施工，面层砼用铁搓板压光后，
38、洒上适量水分，先铺一层塑料薄膜，用于保湿，再铺上一层干麻袋进行保温。确保成型砼的质量。养护期间派专人24小时值班，保证砼表面长期湿润。大体积基础承台在砼浇筑完35天内达到最高内部温度，从第二天开始其表面应增加覆盖一层干麻袋。The concrete curing shall be done in time strictly in accordance with the specification. The surface shall be pressed by steel trowel and watered properly and then covered with plastic fil
39、m and two layers of hemp bags on the top and one layer of cotton quilt for insulation.砼养护应安排专人养护并及时做好养护记录。The special person shall be assigned curing and preparing curing record.砼取样原则依据国家规范取样。Sampling as per national specification.（4）、大体积砼测温mass concrete temperature measuring在属于大体积砼的基础承台设置测温点，每个承台设置
40、一个测温点，在基础承台中心点设置，每点三根铜管，封闭铜管的底部，砼浇筑完后在管中注入自来水，所有铜管露出基础承台砼层表面30mm，最长铜管底部位置距底板砼底表面30mm，最短铜管底部位置距底板砼层表面30mm，另一根铜管底部位置为其它两根管铜管底部位置中间点。铜管直径为：15mm，长度分别为：1400mm、730mm、60mm。砼浇筑完12h开始测温。在混凝土温度上升阶段每24小时测一次，温度下降阶段每8小时测一次，同时应测大气温度。所有测温孔编号，进行混凝土内部不同深度和表面温度的测量。在测温过程中，当发现内外温度差超过15时，应及时加强保温或延缓拆除保温麻袋。The three tempe
41、rature measuring points shall be set for the FAR foundation. Three copper tubes of each point shall be set, and its ends to be closed. After concrete placement, the tubes shall be filled with water and exposed 30cm above the foundation top. The longest tube shall be 30mm above the foundation bottom,
42、 while the shortest be 30mm below the top, and the left tube be the center of the other two locations. The tubes are 15mm diameter and 800mm, 430mm, 60mm respectively. 12 hours after the placement, measuring shall be started. During temperature increasing, measuring shall be done every 4 hours, and
43、every 8 hours for decreasing stage. The air temperature shall be measured at the same time. All measuring holes shall be numbered and the temperatures in different depth and surface shall be measured. If temperature difference is found over 15, the insulation measures shall be taken.（5）、大体积砼裂缝控制计算ma
44、ss concrete crack control calculation浇筑前裂缝控制计算：crack control calculation before placement大体积砼浇筑前，根据施工拟采取的措施和施工条件，先计算砼的水泥水化热产生的绝对最高温升值、各龄期的收缩变形值、收缩当量温差和弹性模量，然后再计算可能产生的最大温度收缩应力，如不超过砼的抗拉强度，则表示所采取的措施有效，否则调整砼的入模温度，降低水化热温升值，降低砼内外温差，改善施工工艺和拌合物性能，提高砼抗拉强度或改善约束并重新计算，直到应力在允许范围内为止。考虑混凝土水化时在35天温度达到最大值，因此取龄期为3天的参
45、数计算。Before concrete pouring ,calculating firstly the absolutely highest temperature increasing value caused by cement hydrous heat ,shrinkage distortion value in each age, shrinkage equivalent temperature difference and the flexibility modulus, then to calculate the possible shrinkage stress for the
46、 maximum temperature, according to the measures and conditions of construction. It will show that the measure is available if no over exceeding the tensile strength of concrete, otherwise to adjust the embedded temperature, low the increasing value of hydrous heat and the inside and outside the temp
47、erature difference, and improve the construction process and mixing performance, heighten the concrete tensile strength or improve the restriction and to recalculate till the allowance stress. In view of the maximum temperature within 35 days so the age is for 3 days as the parameter.有关公式：related formulaa. 混凝土的水化热绝热温升值T（t）The absolute temperature increment of hydration heat of concrete T（t）:T（t）=CQ（1-e-mt）/c =387204.5