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1、中铁五局广大铁路扩能改造工程站前五标 仰拱施工专项施工方案改建铁路广通至大理线扩能改造工程站前五标仰拱施工专项施工方案编 制： 审 核： 批 准： 中铁五局（集团）有限公司广大铁路项目经理部二O一四年十月Opinions and suggestions on the partys mass line educational practiceAccording to the central and provincial, municipal unified deployment, according to municipal Party committee about carrying out
2、the partys mass line educational practice activity in the citys implementation opinions, the spirit of the partys mass line educational practice activities from 20* in January to 99 months, carried out at all levels of departments and directly affiliated institutions and grass-roots party organizati
3、ons. According to my actual County, the county to carry out the education practice put forward the following implementation opinions.First, the overall requirementsCounty county education practice to the eighteen Party of eight, the spirit of the the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Com
4、mittee as the guidance, conscientiously implement the spirit of general secretary Xi Jinping book series of important speech, earnestly implement the Central Committee really, opinions and advice , party implementing the guiding ideology of opinions to determine the objectives and requirements, step
5、 method, in accordance with the look in the mirror, dress up, wash bath, cure treatment, the general requirements of for the people pragmatic honest people as the theme, in carrying forward the spirit of Zhuanglang Zhuang, improve their work style, service to the masses of the people, the foundation
6、 of consolidating grassroots, promote transformation across efforts, to further implement the central eight regulations and The opposition party and government austerity waste regulations , double section provincial regulations, municipal provisions of the twelve plan and the implementation measures
7、 for on improving the work style of close ties with the masses law, highlight style building, carry out the whole wind spirit, resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism and wasteful extravagance to solve the problems, Party members and cadres of the style and the masses of people strong, th
8、e Ministry of Party members and cadres to further improve their thinking and understanding, to further change the style of the wind, the masses to close, honest and pragmatic people honest image to further establish the foundation to further reinforce the basic level. Style of the building of the ne
9、w results to promote the construction of a powerful force of the county and the ecological culture of the county and county construction.In educational practice activities of the unit is mainly: the county and below county departments under the organs, enterprises and institutions directly under the
10、 township, street, and community, village, non-public economic organizations, social organizations and other grass-roots organizations. Agencies and branches, each single unit, follow the rules on internal institutions. Educational practice with step by step.To adhere to the county leadership, leade
11、rship and leading cadres to focus on outstanding catch to directly contact the service of the masses of law supervision departments and window units, service industry, educational practice, pay attention to grasp the heavy towns, streets and villages, community education activities and the masses of
12、 grassroots groups in close contact to strengthen, and the majority of Party members, cadres and the mass line line Marx doctrine view of the masses and the partys education.Always speak seriously as a basic attitude, adhere to positive education, to carry out criticism and self criticism group, adh
13、ere to the pragmatic, more emphasis on leadership, pay more attention to the layers of the demonstration, more focus on the four winds, solve the problem, pay more attention to open the door, the participation of the masses, pay more attention to the classification guidance. Orderly, pay more attent
14、ion to the cooperation and cohesion driven, more strict requirements on injection, really supervision practice, ensure education practice is not empty is not empty is not partial, not as a mere formality.Two, the key point of the taskThe main task of the countys education practice is to seize agains
15、t four wind this focus on centralized solve outstanding problems asked County, township leadership and leading cadres of the four winds, the disadvantages of the style, scale behavior to a large scale investigation, overhaul, cleaning greatly. At the same time, respond to the concerns of the masses,
16、 safeguard the interests of the masses, pay attention to solve practical problems, solve the people around the unwholesome tendencies especially on eat, take the card, Yong lazy luxury, extravagance and waste fees, privileges and other issues, timely and effective, without any discount to solve, to
17、improve the style of real implementation of the requirements of real to the grassroots, real let group Benefit the public.(a) focus on solving the four winds outstanding issuesThe central and provincial requirements, the county leadership and leading cadres of key performance concept is not correct,
18、 do not dare to play, to engage in image project, political project, a leadership guide, a set of ideas, orders and prohibitions, and a policy, there are countermeasures county. The units directly under the heavy focus on solving Yung lazy drag, buck passing skin, work is not implemented, the servic
19、e is not active. The dynamic problem of law enforcement and supervision departments and window units, service industry mainly solve the door hard, ugly face, something difficult, and arbitrary charges, fines, levies, and breach of privilege, chinakayao, not the problem of law. The township, street T
20、he collar of leading bodies and leading cadres to solve key does nottheir own conditions to develop the correct road, the maximum to avoid investment risk, gain profit.(three) vigorously promote the brand. To establish brand awareness, awareness of the use of brand, brand value, brand acquisition pe
21、rformance, enhance the competitive strength. Concentrated manpower, careful planning, packaging and publicity of a number of unique, market influence and coverage of the brand, the implementation of key breakthroughs, to enhance the competitive strength, walking business road the competition of alie
22、nation and characteristics, the pursuit of stability and development of the market.(four) to promote the integration of resources. To further broaden their horizons, effective integration of resources within the group, the city resources, other industries and regional resources, mutual trust, mutual
23、 benefit, seeking win-win principle, in the framework of national policies and regulations, strict inspection and argumentation, legal consultation, examination and approval procedures, strict regulation of economic activities, attract injection the social investment to the industry group, to achiev
24、e leveraging the development, ensure that the value of state-owned assets.(five) to strengthen the construction management personnel. Strengthen the management of education and training of cadres and workers of the existing business, firmly establish the concept of the market, enhance the sense of c
25、risis to adapt to market competition, the sense of urgency, improve the ability to respond to market competition, improve management and operation of the market. At the same time, according to the need of industrial development, vigorously the introduction of high-quality management management perso
26、nnel, and strive to build a high-quality professional management team, hard work, and promote the entire workforce knowledge structure, age structure, structure optimization and upgrading ability, enhance core competitiveness, adapt to the need of market competition.(six) seriously study the policy
27、for policy. Serious research about social support the development of cultural undertakings in the country and the XX policy, especially the policy of industrial development, financial investment policy, financial policy and tax policy, and actively seek policy, projects and funds, enterprise and ind
28、ustry group mission to promote leapfrog development.目 录1、编制依据、编制范围11.1编制依据11.2编制范围21.3编制原则22、工程概况22.1工程概况32.2 设计情况32.3工程难点及重点及对策53 施工方案53.1施工工艺流程53.2 施工工艺64、劳动力组织及机具配置155、质量保证措施155.1质量管理机构155.2 质量管理制度155.3仰拱施工质量保证技术措施165.4 关键工序质量保证技术措施176、安全保证措施186.1 安全生产管理机构设置196.2 安全生产管理制度196.3 保证施工、人身、设备安全等措施21仰拱
29、施工专项施工方案1、编制依据、编制范围1.1编制依据（1）相关设计图纸；（2）批准的隧道施工组织设计；（4）铁路隧道工程施工技术指南（TZ 204-2008）（3）铁路隧道监控量测技术规程（TB101212007）；（4）铁路隧道工程施工安全技术规程（(TB103042009）；（5）铁路隧道工程施工质量验收标准（TB104172003）；（6）关于进一步明确软弱围岩及不良地质铁路隧道设计施工有关技术规定的通知 （铁道部文件（铁建设2010120号）（7）国家、中国铁路总公司、云南省有关安全、环境保护、水土保持等方面的法律、法规、条例、规定。1.2编制范围 广大线站前五标管段内隧道仰拱施工。1
30、.3编制原则（1）仰供开挖前检查验收原则：仰供开挖前必须有施工技术人员与施工领带班人员检查确认已经施作的拱墙初期支护处于稳定状态，钢架锁脚锚杆（管）施作到位，钢架交处于稳定基岩上。（2）监控量测收敛分析原则：仰供开挖前必须对前期的围岩收敛量测数据进行分析，确保已经施作的拱墙初期支护处于稳定状态。（3）减少对围岩的扰动原则：仰供开挖过程中采用控制爆破，钢架脚位置预留2030cm采用人工开挖，减少对钢架的影响。（4）全站仪监测原则：仰供开挖过程中全程采用全站仪检测拱墙初期支护，因为级、级围岩监控量测断面间距分别为10m和5m，仰供开挖长度不得超过3m，因此监控量测点与开挖断面可能不在一个断面上，通
31、过开挖前临时在开挖仰供断面上布点并取得初始读数的方式进行全程监测。（5）专人指挥挖掘机施工原则：爆破完成后或者采用机械开挖的仰供出渣过程中由领带班人员全程指挥挖掘机施工，确保挖掘机不触碰到已经施作完成的钢架。（6）紧凑施工原则：仰供开挖前必须将仰供钢架加工完毕并试拼装验收合格，喷射混凝土用原材料储备足够，生产线调试完毕状态良好，喷浆机调试完毕并状态良好且有备用，施工用电检查完毕并有备用电源；钢架拼装人员、喷射混凝土施工人员到位。确保一旦仰供开挖进行，其他工序连续不间断施工，正真实现工序零衔接、等班制。2、工程概况2.1工程概况广大铁路扩能改造站前五标共有隧道8座，总长15266m，设计围岩有级
32、、a级、b级、a级、b级、k级、c级，其中b级围岩及所有级围岩均有仰供初期支护。b级围岩仰供初期支护为15cm厚喷射混凝土，级围岩仰供初期支护均有钢架。2.2 设计情况仰拱的施工包括仰拱开挖、仰拱初支、仰拱二衬及仰拱填充四部分。根据广大铁路扩能改造工程设计文件，隧道c、k、b、a、b型衬砌均设计了仰拱，复合式衬砌设计参数表见下表：第 23 页 共27 页复合式衬砌设计参数表衬砌类型级级加强级级加强V级V级加强V级一般抗震V级断层破碎带抗震ababVaVbVKVc支护喷砼规格拱部、边墙C25C25C25C25C25C25C25C30仰拱C25C25C25C25C30设置部位及设置厚度拱墙：12c
33、m180拱部：23cm拱部：23cm拱墙：25cm拱墙：27cm拱墙：27cm拱墙：27cm拱墙：29cm边墙：12cm边墙：23cm仰拱：15cm仰拱：25cm仰拱：25cm仰拱：25cm仰拱：27cm钢筋网钢筋规格（HPB235）66668888设置部位拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙网格间距（cm）25*2525*2520*2020*2020*2020*2020*2020*20锚杆规格拱部22中空22中空22中空22中空22中空22中空22中空22中空边墙22砂浆22砂浆22砂浆22砂浆22砂浆22砂浆22砂浆22砂浆设置部位拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙拱墙长度（m）333.53.544
34、44间距（m）拱部环向1.21.21.21.21.21.211纵向1.51.51.21.21111边墙环向1.21.21.21.21.21.211纵向1.51.51.21.21111钢架类型无格栅格栅型钢型钢型钢型钢型钢设置部位无180拱部拱墙拱墙全环全环全环全环间距（m）无1.51.01.20.80.80.60.80.60.6二次衬砌拱墙厚度（cm）40（砼）40（砼）45（砼）45（钢筋砼）45（钢筋砼）50（钢筋砼）55（钢筋砼）55（钢筋砼）仰拱厚度（cm）45（砼）45（砼）50（砼）50（钢筋砼）50（钢筋砼）55（钢筋砼）55（钢筋砼）55（钢筋砼）2.3工程难点及重点及对策（1
35、）不良地质条件下仰拱开挖可能发生坍方对策：严格按照铁建设2010120号文件施工：仰拱开挖一次不能大于3米，开挖后立即进行支护及喷射混凝土，封闭成环。仰拱开挖过程进行监控量测，发现异常情况立即停止施工。（2）反坡排水的隧道，地下水自仰拱流出时，级围岩仰拱虚渣清理困难。对策：做好抽排水措施，预留集水井，将自中心沟倒流的水采用土或者土袋堵住。超挖回填部分采用同级混凝土回填。3 施工方案3.1施工工艺流程测量放线，五线上墙仰拱开挖监控量测几何尺寸测量虚渣清理级围岩立钢架报验合格喷射混凝土报验合格合格级围岩报验合格安装仰拱钢筋立仰拱端模板及仰拱浇筑仰拱、边墙混凝土立中心沟模板浇筑仰拱填充7h后 3.2
36、 施工工艺 根据铁建设（120）号文规定：隧道开挖后初期支护应及时施作并封闭成环，、V级围岩封闭位置距离掌子面不得大于35m。仰拱开挖前必须完成钢架锁脚锚杆（管），每循环开挖进尺不得大于3m。3.2.1 测量放线 根据导线点测量出仰拱填充线的位置及标高，用红油漆标记出仰拱填充线，根据仰拱填充线计算出仰拱开挖深度，并下发技术交底。仰拱开挖人员按照技术交底对仰拱指挥开挖。利用仰拱填充线将其余四线标记于墙上，其余四线分别为“高钢筋线、矮钢筋线、纵向盲管线、环向盲管线”。放线长度不能大于3米，避免领工员指挥开挖产生误解。3.2.2 仰拱开挖、监控量测及尺寸控制3.2.2.1仰拱爆破 仰拱开挖采用机械开
37、挖或者钻爆开挖，仰拱开挖长度每循环不能大于3米。（1）爆破参数 1）主爆药采用爆炸性能、抗水性能、安全性能较好及环境污染小的2号岩石乳化炸药，规格为32mm250mm。 2）周边眼采用直径20mm低爆速的光爆药卷。装药结构用竹片绑扎，导爆索传爆，间隔装药，根据围岩情况，对间隔距离和药量进行调整。 3）起爆材料采用1-20段的非电毫秒雷管起爆，塑料导爆管引爆，其中火雷管作为网络起爆用。（2）钻眼深度 钻眼深度综合考虑施工进度要求、钻机的效率、爆破有效进尺等因素确定。掏槽眼比其它眼超深0.5m。（3）掏槽方式 根据洞内围岩的地质特性，、级围岩段采用浅孔微振动控制光面爆破。（4）光面爆破的主要参数
38、开挖采用光面爆破，以减轻爆破对周边的扰动，控制超欠挖。光面爆破的主要参数有周边眼的间距、光爆层的厚度、周边眼密集系数、周边眼的线装药密度等。光面爆破参数通过试验确定，并根据现场爆破效果不断进行调整。通过爆破实验确定爆破参数，试验时参照围岩台阶法开挖爆破设计图，选定实验段的参数后，再通过现场爆破效果修正参数。现场跟踪开挖爆破质量信息，并及时调整，保证光面爆破开挖效果。试验参数见下表光面爆破设计试验参数表项目周边眼间距E(cm)周边眼抵抗线W（cm）相对距离E/W装药集中度（kg/m）参数608045650.71.00.200.30仰拱开挖炮眼布置图如下示意图：炮眼装药量参考数据序号雷管段别炮孔名
39、称炮孔深度（m）炮孔数量（个）单孔装药量（kg）小计装药量（kg）13掘进眼3100.31.525内圈眼3120.31.837周边眼3240.33.6合计466.9 附注：周边眼与底板眼沿径向外斜3，辅助眼与掘进眼垂直工作面。单位面积钻孔数4个/m2，炸药单耗0.78Kg/m3；预计循环进尺3m。每循环炸药量约为60kg。3.2.2.2 监控量测 隧道仰拱开挖要求对开挖过程全程进行监控量测，由于规范要求隧道拱顶下沉和净空变化的量测断面间距：级围岩不得大于10m、V级围岩不得大于5m。隧道监控量测点未必在仰拱开挖的范围内，采集的数据可能对判断围岩变化作用不大，为了确实掌握仰拱开挖对围岩的影响，在
40、开挖前使用免棱镜全站仪在拱顶位置预先测量开挖正断面拱顶的坐标，然后记录初始高程；在边墙上同一里程，同一标高上取2个点作为净空变化的观测点坐标。开挖过程中每4小时观测一次数据，直到仰拱混凝土浇筑结束后，按照监控量测实施细则进行观测。当拱顶下沉、水平收敛速率达5mm/d或位移累计达100mm时，应暂停掘进，并及时分析原因，采取处理措施。3.2.2.3 仰拱尺寸测量 仰拱开挖尺寸采用仰拱填充面线进行控制，开挖至设计深度后采用施工线将左右两侧仰拱填充线采用施工线牵引，采用钢尺或者塔尺进行量测，量测过程中水准仪配合抽检尺寸。3.2.2.4 仰拱开挖尺寸验收 （1） 隧底开挖底部高程应符合设计要求。隧底范
41、围岩石局部突出每平方米内不应大于0.1 m，侵入断面不大于5cm。 （2）边墙基础及隧底地质情况应满足设计要求，基底内无积水浮渣。 （3）当基底需要进行加强处理时，应符合设计要求。 （4）隧底轮廓符合设计要求，隧底允许最大平均超挖值为10cm。3.2.3 浮渣清理 仰拱开挖成型后应立即进行浮渣清理，保证仰拱面上无杂物及浮渣，仰拱清理至基岩面。 反坡排水隧道内应配备足够的抽水设备，预留集水井，如有水从中心水沟流入仰拱面可以将中心水沟先使用土袋或者土将中心沟暂时堵住，减少水倒流进仰拱面；仰拱底面冒出的水采用临时土沟引入至集水井。水抽干后立即清理浮浆及浮渣。3.2.4 立仰拱钢架（1）钢拱架制作 仰
42、供钢架必须于仰供开挖前制作完毕并运至洞口备用，钢拱架在钢筋加工场制作，加工后要试拼，允许误差为：沿隧道周边轮廓偏差为30mm，平面(翘曲)偏差20mm。（2）钢拱架的安装 安装前，应检查钢拱架制作质量是否符合设计要求，不合格禁用。钢拱架安装时应与初喷混凝土间紧密接触。钢拱架两侧拱脚应与下台阶B型接头板连接稳固。分片钢拱架在开挖面组装成整榀钢拱架，每节连接螺栓应拧牢固。（3）验收 钢架安装允许偏差应符合下列要求： 1）钢架间距允许偏差为100 mm； 2）钢架横向允许偏差为50 mm； 3）高程偏差允许偏差为50 mm； 4）垂直度偏差允许偏差为2。 5）钢架保护层厚度允许偏差为5 mm。3.2
43、.4 仰拱喷射混凝土 按施工配合比要求，将混凝土用料在洞外搅拌机中进行拌合，用搅拌运输车运至洞内，然后送入喷浆机中，在喷射机喷头处加入速凝剂，采用空压机压缩空气动力将混合料喷出，施喷压力为0.10.15MPa，喷射分段、分片、分层，由下向上，从无水、少水向有水、多水地段集中，多水处安放导管将水排出。施喷时，喷头与受喷面基本垂直，距离保持0.61.2m。喷锚支护喷射砼，分初喷和复喷二次进行。初喷在开挖(或分部开挖)完成后立即进行，以尽早封闭暴露岩面，防止表层风化剥落，第一次喷混凝土厚4cm，喷后要平整圆顺。 喷射砼分段、分片由下而上顺序进行，一次喷射厚度控制在6cm以下，喷射时插入长度比设计厚度
44、大5cm铁丝，每12m设一根，作为施工喷层厚度控制用。 检测标准： 喷射砼分层喷射时，底层喷射厚度不小于4cm。 喷射砼表面密实、平整，无裂缝、脱落、漏喷、露筋、空鼓和渗漏水。 施工要点： 喷射作业前，要检查水泥、砂、石、速凝剂、减水剂、水的质量，满足规范要求；喷射机、砼搅拌机等使用前均检修完好，就位前要进行试运转；并埋设好测量喷射砼厚度的标志。 检查开挖断面，欠挖处要补凿够，敲帮找顶、清除浮石。用高压水或高压气清除附着岩面的泥污、灰尘和细岩碴等。 涌水量较小时，可以增加水泥用量和速凝剂掺量，变更配合比后喷射；涌水量较大的地方，可先采用集中排水措施后，再进行砼喷射。 对超挖部分喷射同标号砼或采
45、用同级混凝土回填。3.2.5 仰拱钢筋施工 仰拱衬砌钢筋应符合设计及规范要求：钢筋在加工弯制前应调直；钢筋表面的油渍、铁锈等应清楚干净；钢筋拉直、弯钩、弯折、弯曲应采用冷加工。 （1）仰拱钢筋在隧道外按照设计图纸尺寸进行预弯。各类勾筋及箍筋必须严格按照设计图纸进行制作。受拉热轧光圆钢筋的末端应作180弯钩，其弯曲直径不得小于钢筋直径的2.5倍，钩端应留有不小于钢筋直径3倍的直线段。受拉热轧光圆和带肋钢筋的末端，当设计要求采用直角形弯钩时，直钩的弯曲直径不得小于钢筋直径的5倍，钩端应留有不小于钢筋直径3倍的直线段。 （2）钢筋在仰拱面或者临时堆放场地加工的必须满足以下要求。 钢筋必须下垫20cm以上，避免污泥或污水侵泡、污染钢筋。 单面搭接焊搭接长度大于等于10d;双面搭接焊搭接长度大于等于5d。焊缝厚度S不应小于0.3d，焊缝宽度b不小于0.8d。钢筋采用搭接焊时两焊接钢筋必须同心同轴。 （3）钢筋采用板扎连接时根据设计图纸做好末端直角弯勾，直角弯勾根据设计图纸进行制作。 （4）仰拱预留二衬钢筋尺寸必须符合设计要求。 （