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1、Translation of Public Signs,公示语的翻译,一、定义,公示语：公开和面对公众，告示、指示、提示、显示、警示、标示与其生活、生产、生命、生态、生业休戚相关的文字及图形信息。 -汉英公示语词典，商务印书馆，2002 A board or other notice giving information, warning, direction, and etc. -Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (1978) A board, notice, and etc. that directs somebody towards s
2、omething, gives a warning, advertises a business. -Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary (1997) A notice that is publicly displayed giving information or instruction in a written or symbolic form.- New Oxford Dictionary of English (2001). A board, poster, or placard displayed in a publ
3、ic place to advertise or to convey information or a direction. -The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language(2003),二、公示语的语言风格,大量实用名词 售票机 Ticket Machines 注意行人 Caution Pedestrians 动词、动名词的使用 保持通畅 KEEP CLEAR 请小心台阶 PLEASE MIND YOUR STEPS 词组、短语的使用 因故停用 Out of Order 短时停车 Short stay 缩略语的使用 停车场 P
4、 厕所 WC,二、公示语的语言风格,严禁使用生僻词汇 留学生公寓 INTERNATIONAL STUDETNS HOUSE 全自动门 Automatic Door 文字图形并用 简洁语汇 精确措辞 送客止步 Passengers Only 边道封闭 Footpath Closed,三、公示语信息的静态和动态意义,静态意义：提供信息 出口 Way Out 新鲜果蔬 Fresh Produce 国际出发 International Departure 大英博物馆 The British Museum 动态意义：告知展现指示 请勿与司机攀谈 Do not speak to the driver 仅限
5、紧急情况下使用 Emergency Use Only 严禁停车 No stopping at any time 紧握扶手 Hold the Hand Rail,四、公示语的示意功能,指示性Directing （static) 票务与旅游中心 Ticket & Travel Centre 地铁 Underground 行人 Pedestrians 公共厕所 Public Toilet 问询服务 Information 婴儿换巾处 Baby Change,四、公示语的示意功能,提示性Prompting (dynamic) 限高3.3米RESTRICTED HEIGHT 3.3M 请勿践踏草坪Ple
6、ase Keep Off the Grass 请右侧站立 Please stand on the right 请此处交款 Please pay here,四、公示语的示意功能,限制性Restricting (dynamic) 施工现场 禁止入内Construction Site keep Out 抱好犬只 Dogs must be carried 勿靠两侧 keep clear of the edges 残疾人通道 Handicapped Only 导盲犬不限 Except Guide Dogs,四、公示语的示意功能,强制性Compelling (dynamic) 警戒线 勿超越Police
7、Line Do Not Cross 严禁拍照 No Photography 禁止通行 Dont Walk 禁酒区 Alcohol Free Zone 禁止导游讲解 NO BRIEFING OF GROUPS,五、公示语的特定功能,引发兴趣 装修前大甩卖CLOSINGDOWN FOR MODERNIZATION 最后机会 Last Chance to Buy 提供服务 免税店 Duty Free 旅游纪念品 Souvenirs 加深理解 安全无事故车站 accredited as a Secure Station 您的安全 我们的天责 YOUR SAFETY IS OUR PRIORITY,五、
8、公示语的特定功能,促进行动 进门赢大奖 COME IN AND WIN 厂家特价直销 DEAL DIRECT WITH MANUFACTURER AT SPECIAL PRICES 八折优惠 20% Off 当日可取 Daily Service 巩固形象 谢谢您到访北京车站 Thank you for visiting Bejing Railway Station 我们关注！欢迎批评！We care! We want your comments!,五、公示语的特定功能,服务社会 为改善北京的空气质量，本车安装有环保引擎 This bus is fitted with an environmen
9、tally cleaner engine helping to improve Beijings air quality. 共同努力，世界更精彩 Working together, we can make a world of difference. 防范犯罪 警示他人，迅速撤离 Warn others. Move away. 盗贼当心 Thieves Beware,六、公示语的种类,Shopping Signs Under Construction Temporarily Closed.内部施工，暂停开放 No Refund, No Exchange票已售出，概不退换 Souvenir Sh
10、op 旅游纪念品商店 Deal Direct with Manufacturer at Special Price厂家特价直销 20% off八折优惠,Traveling Signs,Three Pool Mirroring the Moon三潭印月 World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site世界自然与文化遗产 Green Treasury and Natural Zoo天然动植物标本园 Underground Passage 地下通道 Dead End 禁止通行,Traffic Signs,Bend Ahead. Slow Down! 前方弯路慢行 Sl
11、ow down, Look around, and Cross 一慢二看三通过 Speed Limit, 30 km/h 限速：每小时30公里,Institution Names,Ministry of Land and Resource 国土资源部 Department of Justice司法厅 Commission of Limitative Affairs 法制工作委员会 Chinese Academy of Social Science 中国社会科学院,Names of Places,锦江乐园Jinjiang Amusement Park 静安新城 Jingan New City 南
12、京东路East Nangjing Road 北三环 North Third Ring 玉佛寺Jade Buddha Temple 三元桥 Sanyuan Overpass,Public Slogans,Power to the people 一切权力归人民 Say No to Drug and Protect Your Life 拒绝毒品珍爱生命 One World One Dream 同一个世界，同一个梦想,七、公示语的翻译现状,C-E Signs Research Center ( Beijing International Studies University) 北京第二外国语学院公示语
13、翻译研究中心 对全国公示语翻译与使用现状进行调查,了解外籍人士对公示语翻译与使用的满意度和需求,比较中外在公示语的翻译与使用方面的异同,探讨公示语的翻译与使用的功能性和语用性问题及解决对策,确认公示语翻译与使用的发展趋势、重点和难点; 为制定国家公示语翻译标准提供参考依据。,受访者对中国英语公示语的认可度,中外关注的错误类型对比,八、公示语翻译实例 e.g. 1 Misguiding,e.g. 2 Misunderstanding,e.g. 3 Misunderstanding,e.g. 4 Word for word rendering,e.g. 5 Word for word render
14、ing,e.g. 6 Incomprehensible,一次性用品 A TIME SEX THING 乘梯须知 MULTIPLY BY STEPS BEARD KNOW 红眼病监测站Disease of jealousy inspection station,e.g. 7 Mixed use of Chinese and English,e.g. 8 Word order,e.g. 9,Misspelled English Words,e.g.10 Misunderstanding the Source or Target Language,城门四面开，丝路今胜昔 With city gate
15、 wide open, the Silk Road is much better than old days. Open to the outside world every way, Xian is becoming better 前方修路，谨慎驾驶 Road Work Ahead,11. Omitting,患心脏病、高血压、酗酒者忌座”. Anyone who with heart disease, high blood, please dont get on. No recommendation for people suffering from heart diseases, high
16、 blood pressure or the effects of over drinking. 肇庆市公安局报警中心 Zhaoqing City Center of Reporting to the Police Police Report Center (of Zhaoqing City),e.g. 12 Failures on Principles of Politeness,旅客登记时，须凭足以证明本人身份的有效证件，并说明住宿原因。旅客必须遵守宾馆饭店的规章制度，服从工作人员的管理，爱护饭店的公共财物。对违反上述规定的旅客，饭店有权责成改正。 Guests are requested
17、 to show their own valid papers to prove their identities and to tell the reason for lodging when they cheek in at the hotel. Every guest has the obligation to abide by the rules and regulations of the hotel, cooperate with the personnel in carrying out their duties and take care of the property in
18、the hotel. The authority of the hotel has the right to reason with anyone who has violated the regulations mentioned above. Please help us to speed up your check-in by presenting your ID card. Our guests are kindly expected to heed the rules and regulations. Your cooperation will be appreciated in m
19、aking our service effectively.,e.g. 13 Failures on Taboos,严禁随地吐痰、便溺 Dont spit, piss and shit everywhere ,e.g. 14 Over-generalization of the Source Language,高高兴兴上班去，平平安安回家来 Go to work happily, come back safely. Drive carefully Safety first in Driving,e.g. 15 Unclarity,非紧急情况 请止步 No Entry On Peacetime
20、应急买票 Buy Ones Ticket After Normal Time 寻人广播 Look For Broadcast 代客邮寄 Substitute Mailing,e.g. 16 Wrong use of words,天涯海角 The End of the World End of the Earth/Lands End 欢迎您再来！Welcome you again! We look forward to seeing you again. 民族园 Racist Park The Ethnic Minorities Park,参考文献,戴宗显等，公示语汉英翻译研究，中国翻译，2005（6）； 全国公示语翻译现状的调查与分析，中国翻译，2007（5）； 丁衡祁，努力完善城市公示语 逐步确定参照性译文，中国翻译，2006（6）。,