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1、The Attributive Clause,定语从句,相关概念：先行词； 关系词及其分类,先行词：被修饰的名词或代词（组）。 关系词：连接定语从句和主句并在定语中起作用的词。 关系词的分类：根据关系词在定语从句的作用可分为：,1.定义：,2.先行词：,3.关系代词、关系副词：,在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。,引导定语从句的词,关系代词：,关系副词：,Who, whom, whose, which, that等,When, where, why等,关系词,关系代词,关系副词,that, which(先行词指物时
2、),that, who先行词指人时,that (先行词指“人物”时),when 时间：状语,where 地点；状语,why 原因；状语,（在从句中做主、宾、表）,（在从句中做主、宾、表）,（在从句中做主、宾、表）,关系限定词,whose 在从句中限定另一 名词。,关系代词的用法,人；物,物,人,人,人、物,主语；宾语,主语；宾语,主语；宾语,宾语,定语,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,可省,不可省,关系副词的用法,时间,状语,否,地点,状语,否,原因,状语,否,定语从句 修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的 名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。 1. Th
3、e students (who dont study hard) will not pass 先行词 定语从句 the exam. 主句:,The students will not pass the exam.,2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our 先行词 定语从句 English teacher. 主句:,The woman is our English teacher.,从句的主语：,you,从句的宾语：,whom,3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes). 主句：,A shoe sh
4、op is a shop.,从句的主语:,which,4. The book (that you want) is on the desk. 主句 从句的主语: 从句的宾语：,The book is on the desk.,you,that,引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who whom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间， 起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。 The man (that/who told us a funny story) is in the next room.,主语,I lost the book( that/which ) you gav
5、e me).,宾语,归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。 which,指物，作主语或宾语。 who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。 that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。,1) A plane is a machine _ can fly. 2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen. 3) The students _ dont study hard will not pass the exam. 4) The woman _ you saw in the park is our Engli
6、sh teacher. 5) He talked happily about the men and books_ _ interested him greatly in the school.,which/that,which/that/ / /,who/that,whom/that/ / /,that,Fill in the blanks. 1. I still remember the day _ we spent in the forest. 2. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. 3. The factory _
7、we will visit is large. 4. The factory _ his father works is large. 5. Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm. 6. This is the house _ we lived last year.,that/which,when/on which,that/which,where,when/at which,where/in which,归纳:关系副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点, 在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若 作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代
8、词that, which.,Fill in the gaps: 1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _ were in the fields. 2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate. 3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for. 4.This is the second novel _ I have ever read. 5.There is nothing in the wor
9、ld _ can frighten me. 6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree? 7.My hometown is not the same one _ it used to be twenty years ago.,that,that,that/,that/,that,that,that,以下情况只能用that 1 先行词既有指人又有指物 2 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，有the only,the very 等修饰时 3 先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing 等不定代词 4 主句是
10、以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时 5当先行词在定语从句中作表语时,“介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”引 导定语从句应注意： 1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素 A.与先行词的搭配关系 1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school. 3) I will never forget the year _ my son went to college. 4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yest
11、erday, _ most people had had supper.,on which,during which,in which,by which,B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1）Have you found the book _ I paid 29 US dollars? 2) Have you found the book _ I spent 29 US dollars? 3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?,for which,on wh
12、ich,from which,about which,2. “介词whom/which”与 “whom/which/that/ 介词”的转换。 1）The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood. The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is made of wood. 2) Is this the book which you are looking for? 介词for不能与 look分开。 3. way作先行词 1) The way (in which/that) he looks at the
13、 problems is wrong.,4. 表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介 词of, 有时可用whose转换。 1) There are 100 teachers in our school, _ 60 are women teachers. 2) He has three children, two _ work as teachers. 3) That table has four legs, all _ are very short. 4) Im painting a house, the roof _ is round.,Im painting a house whose
14、roof is.,5) They live in a house ,_ windows face south.,They live in a house, the windows_ _ face south.,of whom,of whom,of which,of which,whose,of which,用介词关系代词填空 1 The boy was staying in the room _ window he could climb down. 2. Hes the man _ I learnt the news. 3. Whos the comrade _ you just shook
15、 hands. 4. There are 52 students in our class, _ nearly 40 are League members. 5. I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner. 6. Do you know the driver who caused the traffic accident _ a man was killed. 7. This is the way _ she studies English.,through whose,from whom,with whom,of whom,of
16、whom,in which,in which,8. The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his friend. 9. The story about Shakespeare, _ this is one example , is well written. 10. The old man always wears his glasses _ _ he cant see anything. 11.The key_ she was opening the door broke. 12. The library _ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school. 13. No one know the reason _ she is leaving so early. 14. At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is being built.,for which,of which,without,which,with which,to which,for which,over which,