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1、,阅读基础训练 - 猜测词义,When a contractor is ready to begin construction of a superhighway，he makes a preliminary study of the drawings and blueprints supplied by the engineers. He gains mental picture of the whole job before he begins actual construction,答案A. preparatory。 preliminary和preparatory的前缀都是pre，表示“
2、预先”的意思，又根据常识，凡是搞工程建设在着手建造时一定要作建筑前期准备，包括研究审查工程师的设计图纸等。且据词prepare,故A为唯一正确选项。,Read the paragraph quickly and guess the meaning of the underline word:,A.preparatory B. afterwards,C. scientific D. necessary,常见设问形式,1 The word “” refers to/ probably means/ could best be replaced by _ 2 The word “” is most
3、likely to mean_ 3 What do you think the expression “” stands for? _ 4 By saying “” we mean_ 5 “” as used in the passage, can be best defined as _.,技 巧 点 拨,2 对比法,3 因果法,4 联想法,5 构词法,1定义法,通过定义,定语从句/词组,同位语/词组(that is, or, i.e , such as , in other words , namely , put another way)来确定词义 1. It will be very
4、hard but also very brittlethat is, it will break easily. A easily broken B soft inside C very hard D expensive,一 定义法,2.The herdsman ,who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. A keeper of a group of animals ,esp. cattles B a butcher C a man who sell sheep D a person who looks after and kill
5、 animals 3. The word “adolescence” means the period between children and adulthood. A 少儿期 B 幼儿期 C 青春期 D 成人期,在一个生词的前后有时会出现它的反义词或常用来对比的词语，我们从而可以推知该生词的意思。这时应该特别注意表示转折或对比的连词（although, but, while, etc.）、副词（instead ,yet ,etc）或介词短语（on the other hand, on the contrary, etc.）,二 对比法,2. Most of us agreed, howev
6、er ,Bill dissented. A have a different opinion B support C like it very much D doesnt show his ideas,l. Twelveyearold Sally was an active girl，but her sister was quite sedate A. pretty B. calm C. protective D. energetic,根据对上下文或整句的理解，运用其因果关系，猜出该生词的意义. 1.The lack of movement caused the muscles to weak
7、en .Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again. A going on for a long time B that may be permitted C not very strong D in a bad condition,三因果法,2.One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. A without food,clothes,and other things necessary fo
8、r life B believing to control events C deciding in advance 3.That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. A very large B crowed C noisy D good,利用常识、自己的经验、经历及社会、科技等方面的知识猜词 1. She read my letter slowly to the end and then tore it to shreds. A fragments B the
9、 whole C envelope D fires,四 联想法,1.The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel A the top of the frame of a door or window B the bottom of the frame of a door or window C the top part of the roof or ceiling 2. After inventing dynamite, Nobel became a very rich man. A powerful explosive B ligh
10、t C engine D electricity,英语中某些生词的产生有一定的规律可循，这种规律称之为构词法。英语中常见的构词法有转换、派生、合成三种。对构词法知识有一定的了解，在阅读中，我们就可以运用相应的构词法来猜测某些生词的含义。,五 构词法,比如，我们也许不知道unforeseeable的含义，但我们可以根据构词法得知它是一个派生词。于是把它拆成un,fore,see,able;其中see是词根，fore是“先、前、预”的含义，un是否定，able是“能的”，因此unforeseeable就是“未能预见到的”。 再如，我们也许从未见过“lipservice”这个词。通过观察分析该词，我
11、们知道它是一个合成词，由“lip”和“service”两词构成，“lip”是“嘴唇”，“service”是“服务”，于是，我们不难猜出“lipservice”是“口惠而实不至，空话”的意思。,1.We must safeguard the world peace. A protect B care or custody C prevent D to keep safe with a burglar-alarm 2.Dont listen to his nonsense. A havig no meaning B meaningless words C humorous speech D not
12、 making sense,PRACTICE,1) He found an unpretentious job as a wheeler of cement（水泥）and loved being unnoticed. A. unshowy B. unlucky C. easy D. unhappy,2) Alberts success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence. A. time B. competition C. perseverance D. beginning again,3) He fel
13、t very alone; he had lived in Baltimore City for a month and had met no one in the inhospitable city. A. unfriendly B. uncomfortable C. unhealthy D. enormous,4) The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. work B. study C. name D. interest,5) Sh
14、e sneered, “You are the worst type of parasite. You make me sick! You take our friendship and love, but you give nothing of yourself! A. person B. enemy C. friend D. one who lives on another,提示： 这一阅读理解练习的特点是每一题都看三个句子，每后一句总比前一句多一层新意思，每一题都有一个相同划线部分的词语。必须学会根据上下文提供的信息，结合一定的常识才能推理判断出新词语的准确意思。,Further con
15、solidation,Further consolidation,例题： Tom cant find his sneakers. A.Money B. bowls C. shoes,Tom cant find his white sneakers A.Money B. bowls C. shoes,Tom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers. A.Money B. bowls C. shoes,l）Jane is usually prompt. Alate Bon time Cpleased,PRACTICE
16、,Jane is usually prompt for her classes Alate B. on time，C. pleased,Jane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class. Alate Bon time Cpleased,B,Tom saw an owl in a tree last night Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sun,2）Tom saw an owl last night Aa bird Ban animal Ct
17、he sun,Tom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near Aa bird Ban animal Cthe sun,A,1) The boy wants to ride a brown pony. Adog Bcat Chorse,C,2) Since he rejected the advice his teacher gave him，he failed in the exam Atook Brefused Cmade,B,3)The children are looking at a large, hairy(毛的
18、) ape at the zoo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of snake Ca kind of bird,A,4)The fresh trout is very cheap, but I dont know how to cook it Afish Bfruit Capple,A,5)Jack was injured when he played basketball this morning，and he could not come to school A. ill Bhurt Csad,B,6)The lady asked the waitress to g
19、et her a clean saucer to put her coffee cup on Aa glass Ba cake Ca small plate,C,7)we seldom see a sparrow in the sky because the air is not so clean now as used to be Aa kind of dog Ba kind of plane Ca kind of bird,C,8)Im sure to pass the quiz for English on Monday Agame Bclass Ctest,C,小 结,1定义法 2 对比法 3 因果法 4 联想法 5 构词法,一. SKILLS,二. ATTENTION,必须联系上下文,Thank you,