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1、形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名 词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。 它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。,副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词 的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语.,一、形容词和副词的概念,形容词作定语一般放在被修饰 的名词之前。 如: a new book, two big trees 等。,二、形容词和副词的用法,形容词放在系动词be 、look、 get、 keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、 smell等之后。 如:1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3.They turn green.,如果形容词修饰不定代词so
2、mething, anything, everything, nothing等时，要放在不定代词后面。 如:something interesting nothing new,副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副 词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。 如: 1.She works hard .（修饰动词） 2.I am very busy.（修饰形容词） 3.He runs too quickly .（修饰副词） 4.We play happily. （修饰动词）,通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。,slow _ real _ usual _ careful_ easy _ happy _
3、 heavy _ angry _,slowly,usually,easily,heavily,really,carefully,happily,angrily,big,bigger,Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解,Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解,big,bigger,biggest,fast,Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解,fast,faster,Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解,fast,
4、faster,fastest,Look at the pictures and understand 看图并理解,三、形容词和副词的级,形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级 1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词和副词的原级。 如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting run quickly, asas ,(与一样） not as（so)as （与不一样）中间
5、用原级。 The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one.,2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较”或“更一些”。标志词：than (比） 单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加more. 如:smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder more interesting , more quickly,3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。 标志词：in+大范围, of all, of
6、 +the+具体的数字 表示“最”的意思。（两者以上用最高级） 单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加most. 在形容词的最高级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如 ：smallest, tallest, newest, best most interesting, most difficultly,单音节和少数多音节的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 的构成分规则和不规则。变化如下：,不规则变化，要多加注意哦！,good bad many little ,well badly much far ,better,best,worse,worst,more,most,less
7、,least,better,best,farther,farthest,worse,worst,more,most,important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ good_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _ heavy_ _ delicious_ _ much_ _,给出下列词的比较级和最高级,more important,most important,easier,easiest,wetter,wettest,happier,happiest,more caref
8、ul,most careful,thinner,thinnest,better,best,hotter,hottest,more easily,most easily,more,most,nicer,nicest,bigger,biggest,heavier,heaviest,more delicious,most delicious,more,most,一、形容词和副词的原级： 表示两者（A与B）在某一方面相同时用句型： A + 谓语 + as + 形容词或副词的原形 + as+ B. eg: Tom 和 Sam 一样高。 Tom is as tall as Sam. Tom 和 Sam 跑
9、得一样快。 Tom runs as fast as Sam. 英语和数学一样重要。 English is as important as math. Lucy 和Lily 学习一样好。 Lucy studies as well as Lily.,2. 两者（A与B）在某一方面A不如B时用句型： A + 谓语+ not as / so + 形容词或副词的原形 + as+ B. eg: Tom 不如 Sam 高。 Tom is not as / so tall as Sam. Tom 不如 Sam 跑得快。 Tom doesnt run as / so fast as Sam. 英语不如数学重要。
10、 English is not as / so important as math. Lucy 不如Lily 学习好。 Lucy doesnt study as / so well as Lily.,3、形容词比较级的用法: （1）两者（A与B）进行比较，“A比B较/更”。 A + 谓语 + 形容词或副词的比较级 + than + B. eg: Tom 比 Sam 高。 Tom is taller than Sam. Tom 比 Sam 跑得快。 Tom runs faster than Sam. 英语比数学重要。 English is more important than math. Lu
11、cy 比Lily 学习好。 Lucy studies better than Lily.,（2）两者（A与B）进行比较，“A比B大/长/高” A+谓语+数量词+形容词或副词的比较级+than+ B eg: Tom比Sam大两岁。 Tom is two years older than Sam. （3）两者（A与B）进行比较，“哪一个更/较” Which/Who 谓语 + 比较级, A or B ? eg:数学和英语哪一科较简单？ Which is easier, math or English? Tom和Sam谁跑得更快？ Who runs faster, Tom or Sam?,（4）两者（
12、A与B）进行比较，“其中A是两者中较” A+谓语 + the +比较级 + of the two. eg：Tom is the taller of the two boys. 汤姆是这两个男孩中最高的 . （5）比较级+ and + 比较级， 表示 “越来越” eg：Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热。 shorter and shorter 越来越短 longer and longer 越来越长 more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 more and more interesting越来越有趣,（6）The + 比较级，the + 比
13、较级 “越，就越” eg：越多越好。 The more , the better. 你吃的越多，你就越胖。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become. （7）用形容词的比较级来表达最高级的概念： A+谓语+比较级+than any (other) +可数名词单数+范围。 “A是中最的”或“A比(其他)任何都” 注：当A在范围内比较时，必须加other;当 A不在范围内比较时，去掉other. eg：上海比中国其他的任何一个城市都大 Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. 上海比日本的任何一
14、个城市都大 Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.,（8）修饰比较级的词 much(的多)、far (的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（仍然）、 any (任何) a bit(一点儿) a little (一点儿) eg: This city is much more beautiful than that one.这座城市比那座城市漂亮的多。 Today is even hotter than yesterday. She drives still more carefully than her husband. 她开车仍
15、然比她丈夫认真。,（9）修饰形容词原级的词： very、rather、pretty、so、quite、too He is too tired to walk on. 他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。 My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him. 我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他。 His lifestyle is quite different from mine. 他的生活方式和我的相当不同。,三、形容词、副词的最高级 形容词和副词的最高级常用来表示三者或三者以上人或物的比较。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the, 而副词的最高级前可以不加定冠词t
16、he。但是当形容词的最高级前已经有了作定语用的形容词性的物主代词或名词所有格时，不在加the。 1、主语+谓语+the +形容词或副词的最高级+of/in短语。表示“主语是中最的”。 My mother is the busiest in my family. 我妈妈是家中最忙的。 I jump (the) farthest in my class. 我是我们班跳得最远的。 Tom is the tallest of all the students. Tom是所有学生中最高的。,2、one of the+形容词最高级+n.复数 “最之一”。 Beijing is one of the lar
17、gest cities in China. 北京是中国最大城市之一。 3、the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 名词 表示“第几大长高” The Yellow River the second longest river in China黄河是中国第二长河。 4、Which/Who +谓语+ the +形容词或副词最高级, A ,B or C ? 表示“三者中哪一个更、最” Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ? 月球、地球和太阳哪一个更大？,四、 比较级与最高级的互换 1Jim is taller than any
18、other boy in our class.(吉姆比我们 班上任何一个男孩都高) = Jim is taller than the other boys in our class.(在我们班上吉姆其它的男孩高) = Jim is the tallest in our class.（吉姆是我们班最高的） 2. Jim is taller than any girl in our class.（吉姆比我们班的 任何一个女孩都高）,More examples: 1.Mary is cleverer than her little sister. 2.The new building is high
19、er than the old one. 3.His shirt is more expensive than mine. 4.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. 5.She is five years older than I am. 6.He is 2 centimeters taller than her. 7.This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one.,比较级的用法： than 1.汤姆比杰克高. 2.这只箱子要比那只箱子大. 3.那些苹果比这些大. 4.第一个问题很容易,但第二个更容易.,
20、Tom is taller than Jack.,This box is bigger than that one.,Those apples are bigger than these ones.,The first question is very easy, but the second one is easier.,(2) 数量的比较 1.我的笔比你的多. 2.我喝的茶比他多. 3.他吃的饭比我少. 4.一班的学生比二班多.,I have more pens than you (do).,I drink more tea than he (does).,He has less rice
21、 than I (do).,There are more students in Class 1 than in Class 2.,形容词最高级的用法 (in; of) 那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的. 今天是一年中最热的一天. 他的房间是三个中最干净的一个. 上海是中国最大的城市.,The girl with red hair is the tallest in our class.,Today is the hottest day of the year.,His room is the cleanest of the three.,Shanghai is the largest in Ch
22、ina.,注意,1.The new building is higher than the old one.,Those apples are bigger than these ones.,2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.,如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用 名词性物主代词。,比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比， 物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称， 特别注意在than或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现 的替代词 that ，those, one ,ones.,注意,3.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is
23、. She is five years older than I am.,I drink more tea than he (does).,than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词 情态动词can, may, must, could, should和助动 词do, does ,did, will，have等来简答。,4.I have more pens than you (do).,many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。,注意,5.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.,one of+ the+最
24、高级+复数名词,Which/Who+ 比较级，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高级，A ，B or C?,6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom,Which language is _ , English, French or Chinese? A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult,C,注意,7. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family .,在使用形容词最高级时
25、，一定要把自己包括 在比较的范围内。,8.This is the third largest city in China .,当表示“第二，第三”等意思时，经常在最高 级的前面加second, third,等词。,9.Its our largest machine in our factory.,当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加 定冠词the.,双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级 和最高级的特殊情况：,1、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful interesting more in
26、teresting most interesting dangerous more dangerous most dangerous 2、某些单音节形容词，加more, most 构成比较级和最高级。 glad more glad most glad pleased more pleased most pleased tired more tired most tired often-more often- most often,3、表示在两者之间相差的程度用“具体数字+比较级+ than+ 比较对象”。 eg: The road is two metres longer than that
27、one . 这条公路比那条公路长两米。 This pencil is four inches shorter than that one . 这只铅笔比那只铅笔短四英寸。 4、有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more 和most构成比较级和最高级。 friendly huge calm free true clever,5、形容词原级的比较。 形容词的原级与asas连用表示肯定意思，是“和一样”的意思；与not as/ so as连用表示否定意义，是“不如”或“不一样”的含义。 She is as pretty as her mother. The b
28、ook is as new as that one. The story is as interesting as that one. The question is not as / so difficult as that one. My bike is not as / so good as yours.,6、形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(得多)，far(得多)，a little(一点)，a bit(一点)，a lot(大量)，still(还，还要)等词语表示不定程度或数量。 eg: I am even less lucky. She is far be
29、tter than me at writing. This pen is much better than that one. Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.,7. 形容词的比较级 + and + 形容词的比较级 （前后形容词是同一个） 越来越 She is becoming thinner and thinner. Our country is becoming richer and richer. There are more and more students in our school. Living in the world
30、is becoming more and more difficult.,8、the + 形容词的比较级 + + the +形容词的比较级 表示“ 越，就越” The more you eat, the fatter you will be. The harder you study, the more you will get. The smaller the house is, the less it will cost. The sooner, the better.,9、the + 形容词比较级 + of 短语 两者中比较的一个 She is the prettier of the t
31、wo girls. The bike is the older of the two. His is the taller of the two. This one is the more beautiful of the the two picture.,10.表示“是的几倍”，用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构，或者“倍数+比较级+than”结构。 eg: This classroom is three times as big as that one. This classroom is twice bigger than that one.,Make Comparisons,Write
32、down the comparatives and the superlatives of these words big nice long new cheap young late safe thirsty heavy easy hard high few old thin expensive interesting carefully quickly good bad little far many/much,Follow ups(随堂练习),1、-Mr Zhou, all of the students in our group, who lives _? -I think Li Le
33、i does. A. fat B. father C. farthest D. farest 2、The Changjiang River is _ than any other river in China. A. shorter B. longer C. shortest D. longest 3、Bob never dose his homework _ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as 4、_ she is, _ she f
34、eels. A. The more busy, the more happy B. The busy, the happy C. Busier, happier D.The busier, the happier 5、The weather is getting w_ a_ w_ .(越来越糟糕),C,B,B,D D,orst nd orst,。,Have a try，please。,1.Which do you like _(well),apples or oranges? 2.Who is _(old),Jim or Tom ? 3.Jack is running _ and _(fast
35、) . 4.Our country is becoming _and _ (beautiful). 5.He is _(tall) of the the two boys.,better,older,faster,faster,more,more beatiful,the taller,4.Find out the mistakes in the sentences below. All of us felt happily at her birthday party. I am more older than Harry.,3. Her coat is newer than you. 4. The weather in Beijing is colder than in Xiamen.,5. Sue is one of the tall girls in her class.,happy,much,yours.,that ,tallest ,