九年级----知识复习.ppt

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1、九年级-知识复习,U3U5,Unit3,1.语态: 英语有两种语态:主动语态和补动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 被动语态的构成 由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成 助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。 被动语态的用法 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。,2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事(主动语态)如: Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。 b

2、e allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事(被动语态)如: LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。 3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞 让/使(别人)做某事 get sth. done(过去分词)have sth. done 如:I get my car made. = I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车 4. enough 足够 形容词enough 如:beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough名词 如:enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做 如:

3、 I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。,5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止说话。 stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。 6. 看起来好像sb. seem to do sth. = it seems that +从句 He seems to feel very sad. It seems that he feels v

4、ery sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。 7. 系动词不能独立作谓语,要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有:look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持), kept等。连系动词除be 和become 等少数词可接名词作表语外,一般都是接形容词。 如:They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired.,8. 倒装句: 由so助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语 意为:也是一样She is a student.

5、So am I. 她是一个学生,我也是。She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了,我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。 She will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校,他也是。 9. yet 仍然,还 常用在否定句或疑问句当中 10. stay up 熬夜如:I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。 11. clean up 打扫 整理 如: I have cleaned up the b

6、edroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。,12. 程度副词: always总是 usually经常 sometimes有时 never从不 如:I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。 13. 曾经做某事: Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I havent. 14. go shopping(去购物), go fishing

7、(去钓鱼), go swimming(去游泳), go boating(去划船), go hiking(去登山), go trekking(去徒步) 15. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉 如: Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。,16. take the test 参加考试pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败 17. the other day 前几天 18. agree 同意 反义词 disagree不同意 动词 agreement 同意反义词 disagreement 不同意名词 18.

8、 keep sb/ sth. 形容词 使某人/某物保持. 如:We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。 19. bothand +动词复数形式 如: Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball.,20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么) 如: Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语 21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing

9、sth. 有机会做某事 如:I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing. 22. at present 目前 23. at least 最少 at most 最多,24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. S

10、he spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book. 25. have +时间段+off 放假,休息 如:have 2 days off 26. reply to 答复某人 如:She replayed to MrGreen. 27. agree with sth. 同意某事 如:I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如:I ag

11、ree to LiLei.,28. get in the way of 碍事,妨碍 如: Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。 29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 与think of 的区别 当两者译为: 认为、想起、记着时,两者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。 think about 还有“考虑”之意 ,think of 想到、想出时

12、两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。,31. 对 热衷,对兴趣 be serious about doing 如:She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。 be serious about sth. 如:She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。 32. practice doing 练习做某事 She often practice speaking English.

13、33. care about sb. 关心某人 如:Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也 用于句中 either也 用于否定句且用于句末 too 也 用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生 I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。 I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。,Unit4,1.pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句 假装 I pretended tha

14、t I fell asleep. 2 be late for 迟到 如: I am late for work/ school/ class/ party. 3. a few 与 a little 的区别,few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不可数名词 两者表肯定意义如:He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的 修饰不可数名词 但两者表否定意义 如:He has few

15、friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。,4.if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句 即 虚拟语气 通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动作或存在的状态 所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气,虚拟语气表示说话人所说的 话不是事实,而是一种祝愿,建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句,非真实条件 句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反时,其虚拟语气结构为: 句 型条件从句主 句谓语动词形式动词过去式(be动词用were)would+动词原形 即:(从句)if +主语+动

16、词过去式(be 动词用were), 一般过去时 (主句) 主语+would+动词原形 过去将来时 如:If I had time, I would go for a walk. 如果我有时间,我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话,我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你) I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员,我会表示拒绝。(事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员),5. still 仍然,还 用在be动词之后,行为动词之前

17、 如: I am still a student.我仍然是个学生 I still love him.我仍然爱他。 6. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿)词前面有数词或several 一词时要不能加s ,反之,则要加s 并与of 连用, 表示数量很 多 如:several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几百/千/百万/十亿人 hundreds of trees 上百棵树 7. what if + 从句 如果怎么办, 要是 又怎么样 如: What if she doesnt come? 要是

18、她不来怎么办? What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办? 8. add sth. to sth. 添加到 如: I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。,9. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张 feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好 10. too +形/副+to do sth. 太而不能 如: Im too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。 11. help with sth. 如:They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如

19、:They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松 12. in public 在公共场所 如: Dont smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。 13. energetic adj. 活力的 如:She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力 如:She has lots of energies. 她有活力。,14. ask sb. to do 叫做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事

20、如:Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. 15. start doing = start to do. 开始做某事 如: He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。 16. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物 如: I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。 17.wait for sb.等某人 如:I am wait for him. 我正在等他。 18. int

21、roduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人 如: I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜,19. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 如:Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。 20. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭 have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐 21. plenty of 修饰不可数名词,也可以修饰可数名词 许多 They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食物/苹果。 22.

22、 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如: give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果 23. get along with sb. 与相处 如:Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相处得好吗? 24. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事 如: I would rather walk than run. 25. whole 整个 26. in fact 事实上,27. let sb. down 让某

23、人失望 如:Dont let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。 28. come up with sth. 提出 想出 如:He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上 赶上 Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。 29. have experience doing 在做某事有经验如: I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。 30. come out 出版,出来 如:The magazine comes out

24、 once a week. 这种杂志每周出一次。 31. by accident 偶然地,无意之中 如: Last week I cut my finger by accident. 上个星期我不小心割到自己的手指。 32. hurry to do 匆忙 I hurry to call the police. 33. more than 超过,34. offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物 宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。 由连接词+ 主语+ 谓语 构成 常由下面的一些词引导: 由that 引导 表示陈述意义 that 可省略 He says (that) he is at h

25、ome. 他说他在家里。 由if , whether 引导 表示 一般疑问意义(带有是否、已否、对否等) I dont know if / whether Wei Hua likes fish. 我不知道韦华是否喜欢鱼。 由 连接代词、连接副词(疑问词) 引导 表示特殊疑问意义 Do you know what he wants to buy? 你知道他想要买什么吗? 从句时态要与主句一致 当主句是一般现在时,从句根据情况使用任何时态 He says (that ) he is at home. 他说他在家里。 I dont know (that) she is singing now. 我不

26、知道她正在唱歌。 She wants to know if I have finished my homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Do you know when he will be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来? 当主句是一般过去时,从句应使用过去某时态(一般过去时, 过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时) He said (that) he was at home. 他说他在家里。 I didnt know that she was singing now. 我不知道她正在唱歌。 She wanted to know if I had finished m

27、 homework. 她想要知道我是否已经完成了我的作业。 Did you know when he would be back? 你知道他将会什么时候回来?,Unit5,现在完成时态 由have/ has 过去分词 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 常与already, just , yet , ever, never 连用 Have you finished your work yet?你完成了你的工作了吗? Yes, I have. I have just finished it. 是的。我刚刚完成了。 I have already finished it . 我已

28、经完成了。 Have you ever been to China? 你曾经去过中国吗? No, I have never been there. 没有,我从来也没有去过。 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作 或状态和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括现在在内)的一段时间的状态连用如:(for + 时间段,since + 时间点,或过去某一动作, 以及how long ) 注: 非延续性动词在现在完成 时态中不能和for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。 应转为相应的延续性动词 如:buy- have die- be dead join - be in borrow- kee

29、p leave- be away I have bought a pen.- I have had a pen for 2 weeks. The dog has died.- The dog has been dead since last week. have (has) been to + 地点 去过某地 已经回来 have (has) gone to + 地点 去了某地 没有回来 have been in + 地点 一直呆在某地 没有离开过 如: She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。(已经回来) She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。

30、(没有回来) She has been in Shanghai for 2 days.她呆上海两天了。(没有离开过上海),1.情态动词must, may , might, could, may , cant表示推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形,都可以表示对现在情况的揣测和推断但他们含义有所不同 must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性) may, might, could有可能,也许 (20%80%的可能性) cant 不可能,不会 (可能性几乎为零) The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it. The CD might/could/ma

31、y belong to Tony because he likes listening to pop music. The hair band cant be Bobs. After all, he is boy! 2. whose 谁的 疑问词 作定语 后面接名词 如:Whose book is this? This is Lilys. 3. belong to 属于 如: That English book belongs to me. 4. 当play 指弹奏乐器时,常在乐器前用定冠词 如: play the guitar play the piano play the violin 当

32、play 指进行球类运动时,则不用定冠词 如: play football play basketball play baseball,5. if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时, 从句用一般现在时代替将来时 如: If you dont hurry up, youll be late.如果你不快点,你将会迟到 6. if you have any idea= if you know 如果你知道 7. on 关于(学术,科目) 8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事 如: I try to climb the tree. 我尝试爬树。 9. because of , because

33、 because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语 because + 从句 如: I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。 I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因我得搬家。 10. own v.owner n. listen v.listener n. learn v.learner n. 11. catch a bus 赶公车 12. neighbor 邻居 指人 neighborhood 邻居 指地区也可指附近地区的人,13. local 当地的 如:local teacher 当地的教师 14. noise

34、 n. 噪音 是个可数名词 noises 15. call the police 报警 如:Quick! Call the police! 快!叫警察! 16. anything strange 一些奇怪的东西 当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,放在这些词的后面 17. there be sb./ sth. doing 如There is a cat eating fish. There must be something visiting our home. 18. escape from 从哪里逃跑出来 如: He e

35、scaped from the burning building. 他从燃烧的大概中逃出来。,19. an ocean of + 名词 极多的,用不尽的 如:an ocean of energy. 20. unhappy 不高兴的 反义词 happy 高兴的 21. final adj. 最后的 finally adv. 最后地 22. dishonest 不诚实的 反义词 honest 诚实的。 23. get on 上车 get off 下车 24. use up 用光、用完 如:They have used up all the money. 他们已经用完了所有的钱。 25. attem

36、pt to do 试图 如:The boys attempted to leave for Beijing. 男孩子们试图想去北京。 26. wake 动词 唤醒 常用的词组:wake up 意为醒来 如:Please wake me up at 8 oclock. 请在8点钟叫醒我。 27. look for 寻找 指过程find 找 指结果 如:I am looking for a pen. 我正在找一支笔。(指找的过程)I found my pen just now. 我刚刚找到了我的笔。(指找的结果) 28. hear 听 指听的结果 listen 听 指听的过程 如:Did you

37、hear ? 你听到了吗?(指听的结果,听或没听到)I often listen to the music. 我经常听音乐。(指听的过程) 29. try ones best to do sth. 尽某人的最大努力去做某事 如: He tried his best to run. 他尽他的最大努力去跑。,30. 名词所有格 名词所有格的构成有两种形式 是在名词后面加 s 或是以s结尾 的名词,只在名词的后面加 如:Anns book 安的书, our teachers office我们老师们的办公室 注:双方共有的所有格,只在后面一个名词加s, 如:Lily and Lucys father 莉莉和露西的爸爸(她们的爸爸是同一个人) 有of 介词短语表示无生命东西的所有格 如: a picture of my family 我家人的相片 有时也有s表示无生命的东西的所有格 如:todays newspaper, the citys name,

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