《广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院高级英汉汉英口译9.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院高级英汉汉英口译9.ppt（42页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、Session 9,两种特殊句式,Analyze 2 Sentence Patterns,1.比较句式 (Comparison) 2.否定句式 (Negation),Words of Comparison in Chinese,1.差比副词更、还、愈、益(发)、甚(于) 2.极比副词最、至、极、绝、太、特、挺、非常、特别、最为、顶 3.差比形容词次(于)、优(于) 4.比较动词比、像、似、好比、胜过、超过、赛过、强于、等于、相当于、不如 5.比较结构跟(和/与/同)一样(差不多)、就像(跟/和)一样(似的)、有那么/这么、比(更/还)、与其宁可、为最,Words of Comparison i
2、n English,1.异根形式，eg. good-better-best 2.屈折形式，eg. long-longer-the longest early-earlier-the earliest 3.辅助形式 比较连词，eg. than, as 比较介词，eg. from, to, of 比较结构，eg. asas, soas, nothan, not soas, more than, thethe, more and more, none the, sameas,Comparisons in C & E,Things to be compared: feature, condition,
3、 range, degree, quantity, time, frequency, proportion, size Categories of comparison: 相似、类似、近似、不如、胜过、极比等,Comparisons in C & E,NB: (1) relative adjectives and adverbs of time, place eg. wooden, ending, very, ago, above, where (2) superlative adjectives eg. excellent, marvelous, foremost, top,Comparis
4、ons in C & E,1. Comparison of equality 平比句式 eg. Today some countries find themselves fighting internal wars as desperately and real as the world wars in the first half of last century. 在全球化趋势日益显著的时代，中国的发展离不开世界的稳定，就好像鱼离不开水一样。,Comparisons in C & E,2. Comparison of difference 差比句式 eg. There is no more
5、dangerous experiment than that of trying to go against the will of the people. 八月的石榴成熟了，一串串红得比花还鲜艳。,Comparisons in C & E,3. Comparison of extremity 极比句式 eg. He always encouraged his subordinates to find the clearest and simplest route to an answer. 我认为，加强我们双方公司在未来的密切合作是最为明智的做法。,Comparisons in C & E,
6、4. Comparison of preference 择比句式 eg. It is better to be clothed in rags than to be clothed with shame. 宁为玉碎，不为瓦全。,Comparisons in C & E,5. Comparison of contrast 对照句式 eg. If you know not me, you know nobody. 其实地上本没有路，走的人多了，也便成了路。鲁迅故乡,Comparisons in C & E,6. Comparison of gradation 渐次句式 eg. The better
7、 one understands cultural differences, the better one can cope with his interpreting tasks. 错综复杂的国际环境，令国家关系变得越来越脆弱、越来越微妙。,Some Differences to Note,1. Chinese comparisons mainly resort to vocabulary means. English comparisons mainly resort to grammatical means. 2. Degree and focus of comparison very
8、often cannot match.,1. This is a question probably more frequently asked than any others in connection with our product. 这个是人们可能最经常问到的与我们产品有关的问题。 （这个是比别的问题更经常被问到的与我们产品有关的问题。） 2. The obstacles and barriers that stood in the way were formidable foremost being the psychological barriers. 前进道路上最大的障碍是心理障
9、碍。 （前进道路上存在的障碍很艰难，最突出的就是心理的障碍。）,Examples Analysis,我们可以看到，美国的财政部、商业部等，它们对中美关系的关心程度现在比过去大得多了，他们在中美关系方面发挥了比较积极的作用。 We can see that many US departments, such as the Treasury and Department of Commerce are now showing greater interest/are now much more interested in Sino-US relations than before. They ha
10、ve played quite a positive role in Sino-US relations.,Examples Analysis,我们可以看到美国的外交和对待中国的态度比过去的意识形态考虑要少一些。 We can see that the US considers less ideological factors when deciding its policies of and attitudes towards China. We can see that ideology is less of a concern in Americas policies of and at
11、titudes towards China. We can see that US diplomacy and its attitude to China are no longer solely based on ideology.,Examples Analysis,就拿贸易来讲，如果认真算一下帐，虽然说我们增长得比较快，但是实际上和美国来讲的话差得也还远得很。 Take trade as an example, our growth is fast, but the volume is much smaller than that of the US, if we are careful
12、 in our calculation.,Examples Analysis,香港和台湾对美国的依赖程度减少了，而把担子转嫁到中国大陆来了，因此就出现了大陆和美国之间的贸易不平衡。 Hong Kong and Taiwans reliance on the United States has decreased and they have shifted their burden to Chinas mainland, resulting in the trade imbalance between Chinas mainland and the US. Hong Kong and Taiwa
13、n are now less dependent on the United States and shifted their burden to Chinas mainland. Thats why trade imbalance appears between the United States and Chinas mainland.,Examples Analysis,现在美国逐步地对中国的投资越来越增加。通过投资的增长，大公司之间的内部贸易必然要增加。 Now the United States is increasing its investment in China gradua
14、lly. With the growth of investment, the internal trade among big companies will naturally grow.,Examples Analysis,特别是随着中国现在改革越来越深化，美国向中国的出口也会很快增长，今年就比去年增加很多。 Particularly, with the continuous furthering of Chinas reform, US export to China will grow very fast. This years export to China increased fa
15、ster than last year.,Examples Analysis,我打个比方，入世对中国就像跳高。有一个一米的小孩子，你要让他跳两米的高度，这是不可能的。 Lets draw an analogy, accession to the WTO is like a high jump to China. There is a one-metre child and you want him to jump two metres. That is impossible.,Examples Analysis,美国最主要的、最难以对付的贸易逆差伙伴，是日本。 Therefore, Japan
16、 is Americas primary deficit trade partner and the most difficult one to deal with.,Examples Analysis,Nothing is more harmful to the peaceful settlement of the dispute than his ill-timed statement. 对于冲突的解决，最有害的就是他这篇不合时宜的讲话。,Examples Analysis,The air of lowlands is not so cool as that of hills. 低地的空气
17、比山上的空气要暖和一些。,Examples Analysis,Nothing could show more clearly that South Africa has overcome the shadows of its past. 这最清楚地表明，南非已经摆脱昔日的阴影。,Examples Analysis,We in Wal-Mart are every bit as passionate about offering exceptional value to our customers as we are about maintaining high profit margins.
18、沃尔玛公司对于为客户提供不同寻常价值的热情，绝不亚于对保持高利润额的热情。,Negations,Classification of Negations 1.词否定 2.句否定 3.部分否定 4.双重否定 5.多重否定 6.直接否定 7.间接否定,Focus of Negation,He didnt come to the factory yesterday. he? come? factory? yesterday?,Focus of Negations NOT Matching,1. I dont think that would help. 我认为那是无济于事的。 （我不认为那个有帮助。）
19、 2. The engine didnt stop because the fuel was finished. 马达停了，不是因为燃料用尽。 （马达没有停，因为燃料用尽。） 3. No man cries stinking fish. 哪个卖鱼的都不说鱼臭。 （没有人喊臭鱼。）,Focus of Negations NOT Matching,4. Spiders are not insects, as many people think. 蜘蛛不像许多人想的那样是昆虫。 （蜘蛛不是昆虫，如很多人想的那样。） 5. She is no more a doctor than a nurse. 她
20、既不是大夫，也不是护士。 （大夫和护士她哪个都不是。） 6. We are not here to make troubles. 我们来这儿不是为了惹麻烦。 （我们不是在这儿惹麻烦。）,Focus of Negations NOT Matching,7. All that glitters is not gold. 发光的并不都是金子。 （所有发光的不是金子。） 8. It is not our policy to become involved in trade disputes. 我们的方针是不卷入贸易纠纷。 （卷入贸易纠纷不是我们的方针。） 9. John doesnt speak Fr
21、ench as well as his younger sister. 约翰的法语说得不如他的妹妹好。 （约翰不说法语好如他妹妹。）,Focus of Negations NOT Matching,10. The International Conference on Population and Development will be remembered as the first international conference not devoted to womens issues and interests where they nevertheless were the main
22、focus of attention. 国际人口和发展大会虽然不以妇女问题和她们的权益为专题，但却是以这些问题为关注重点的一次国际会议，人们将难以忘怀。 （人们将记住国际人口和发展大会不是以妇女问题和权益为主题的第一次会议，但是）,Affirmation vs. Negation (E vs. C),1. 此门不通。 Please use the other door. 2. 我一夜没有合眼。 I lay awake all night. 3. He is serious. 他不是说着玩儿的。 4. Just make yourself at home. 请不要客气。 5. The expla
23、nation is pretty thin. 解释无法自圆其说。,Examples Analysis,相互了解，是发展国与国之间关系的前提。惟有相互了解，才能增进信任，加强合作。 Mutual understanding is the basis for state-to-state relations. Without it, it would be impossible for countries to build trust and promote cooperation with each other.,Examples Analysis,中国的历史文化始终处于发展和进步之中。 Chi
24、nas culture and history have never stopped progressing.,Examples Analysis,维护社会稳定同保障公民基本人权是一致的。 To maintain social stability is consistent with the safeguarding of the basic human rights of citizens. To maintain social stability and to ensure citizens basic human rights do not contradict each other.,
25、Examples Analysis,美国只能同台湾保持非官方往来。 The United States can only maintain contacts of a non-governmental nature with Taiwan. The United States cannot do anything more than maintaining unofficial contacts with Taiwan.,Examples Analysis,The United Nations should attach importance to the question of develo
26、pment. Otherwise, it will not be able to win the support of the overwhelming majority of its member states. 联合国应该重视发展问题，这样才能赢得绝大多数会员国的支持。,Examples Analysis,As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without break in the history of several thous
27、and years. 中国作为人类文明发祥地之一，在几千年的历史进程中，文化传统始终不断延续。,Examples Analysis,There shall be no development in the region without peace and stability. 没有和平与稳定就不会有这个地区的发展。 要取得本区域的发展就一定要有和平与稳定。,Examples Analysis,I would like to assure you once again that we are not insensitive to the problems of developing nations. 我想再次想您保证，我们关心发展中国家的问题。,Examples Analysis,We strongly believe that there can be no growth in the economy without political stability. 我们坚信要取得经济的增长首先需要政治稳定。,