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1、,人教课标版 高二 选修 7 Unit 4,Discovering useful words and expressions,Words Study,1. to change slightly to make something work better 2. a mental shelf for cooking meat, toasting bread, etc 3. connected with what is being done or discussed 4. an idea,adjust,grill,relevant,concept,Find words in the unit for
2、 the following meanings.,5. an honour 6. something that has been organized 7. written work in an office, such as writing reports or letters. 8. to breathe air into your nose noisily,paperwork,sniff,privilege,arrangement,Complete the paragraph with the word or phrases in the box.,otherwise airmail be
3、 dying to adjust muddy hear from fortnight platform remote,Sharon looked at herself in the mirror and sighed. She had posted the _ letter to Tim last week but had had no reply. She smoothed her hair down with a wet comb, wiped her _ shoes, and thought about the three boy she had ever met, _ she woul
4、d not have months she had know him.,airmail,muddy,otherwise,He was the nicest fallen in love with him. She still remembered that he _ quickly when he heard she came from a _ village. At first she had _ him every week but now she had not heard for a _. Why? She had decided to find out.,adjusted,remot
5、e,heard from,fortnight,She walked down the _ to catch the train to New York feeling both excited and nervous. She _ see him again but what if he didnt want to see her?,platform,was dying to,1. relevant (adj.) relevantly (adv.) “有关的,有实际价值(重要性)的” 反义词: irrelevant be relevant to “与有关” = be connected wit
6、h have sth to do with 这种工作与性别无关,The work of this kind is not relevant to sex. 这类课程与当今的社会问题的关系 而论已毫无实际价值。 The type of the course is no longer relevant to todays social problem.,2. adapt adjust adapt (oneself) to “适应，适合” You should adapt yourself to the new environment. 你应该适应新环境。,adjust “适应” “调整”、“调节”
7、使之适应 adjust (oneself) to =adapt (oneself) to “适应” He adjusted his tie before entering the hall. You cant see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.,adapt (oneself) to 的to是介词, 后跟名词或动词-ing形式。类似的词组有:,be (get) used to 习惯于 be related to 与相关 lead to 带领,导致,通向 devote oneself to 献身于 contrib
8、ute to 为作贡献 access to 接近/进入(某地的)方法,注意,look forward to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 give rise to 引起 be accustomed to 习惯于 be addicted to 沉溺于 stick to 坚持 belong to 属于 refer to 提到, 涉及到,查阅,3. privilege “ 殊荣” It was a privilege to know you. 能认识你真是荣幸之至。 privilege 还表示“特权”、“权利” have the privilege to do sth = have
9、the right to do sth “有特权(权利) 干某事” Only members have the privilege to use the ground. the privilege of citizenship/ equality 公民权/平等权,4. otherwise (adv. conj.) “用别的方法, 其他方面; 否则, 不然 (or)” He is slow, but otherwise he is a good worker. Seize the chance, otherwise (or) you will regret it. 祈使句, and (or, o
10、therwise) + 简单句 (简单句常用将来时),1) Hurry up, _ you will be late. A. and B. otherwise C. if D. unless 2) Study hard, _ you will pass the exam. A. and B. or C. if D. unless 3) Study hard, _you will not pass the exam. A. and B. otherwise C. if D. unless,B,A,B,Phrases Study,Phrases,1. hear from 收到来信 2. be dy
11、ing to 渴望 ;极 想 3. come across (偶然) 碰见、发现 4. dry out 完全变干; 干透; (使)变干 5. dry up 干枯; (供应,思路)枯竭 6. in need 在困难中; 在危机中 7. stick out 伸出 8. up to 多达 9. make a difference 有影响; 有作用 10. care for 关心; 照顾; 喜欢; 想要,与hear 相关的短语: hear about 听到关于的消息 hear from 收到的来信 hear of 听说, 听到 hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事 hear sb. do
12、ing sth. 听见某人正在做某事,1. hear from sb. = receive ones letter,在某些感官动词如: see, hear, feel, watch, observe, notice, listen to等后,既可接现在分词作宾语,也可接不带to的不定式作宾补。,(1) Did you hear someone _ (laugh) outside? (2) I heard someone _ (read) loudly in the morning. (3) He was heard _ (sing) in the next room.,laughing,rea
13、d,to sing,The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play,A,“渴望”的类似说法 1. have a strong desire for sth. 2. be eager to do 3. be thirsty for sth. 4. desire to do sth. 5. long to do sth. / for sth.,2. be dying for/ to do sth. 渴望, 极想, 渴望做某事 Im dying for a
14、 piece of cake. I am dying to know where you are from.,(1) 我极想出国 _ (2) 他很渴望喝点酒 _,I am dying to go abroad.,He was dying for a little wine.,3. come across 偶然遇见/发现 The boys had never come across anything like this and started jumping out of the windows.,她在找东西时偶然发现了一些旧信件。 She _ in the course of her sear
15、ch.,came across some old letters,与come相关的短语： come along 快点, 来吧 come back 回来, 折回 come from 来自, 从来 come off 从离开, 脱落 come out 出来, 出版 come up 走过来, 走近 come over 过来 come to 来到, 结果是,Dont forget!,I _ some interesting books in the room. A came about B came across C came out D came off (2) This situation shou
16、ld never have _. A came over B came up C came back D came about (3) How is your work _? A coming along B coming back C coming to D coming up,B,D,A,4. dry out (使)变干; 干透,(1) 他告诉我加热罐子是为了使剩余的食物变干。 He told me that the can was heated to _ (2) Water the plant regularly, never letting _. (让土壤干枯),dry out the
17、 leftover food.,the soil dry out,5. dry up (河流，湖泊等)干枯; 弄干、晒干、变干; (供应、思路) 枯竭 (1) During the drought, the river dried up. (2) The writers long separation from social dried up his imagination. (3) 太阳很快就会把马路晒干的 _,The sun will soon dry up the roads.,6. in need 在困难中,在危急中 be in need of sth 需要 have the need
18、 for sth 对的需要 according to the need 根据需要,句意理解: A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难朋友才是真朋友。 (1) 我们应该帮助有困难的人。 We should help those in need. (2) 他现在很需要一大笔钱。 He now is in great need of much money.,7. stick out 伸出, 突出 stick out for sth 坚持要求某事物 stick to sth 不放弃 (1) She _ (伸出脚) and tripped him over. (2
19、) 当车开动时不要把头伸出车窗外。 Dont stick your head out of the window while it is running.,stuck out her foot,(3) Once a decision has been made, all of us should _ it. A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to,B,8. make a difference 有影响, 有作用, 有差别 make no/ a little/ much/ some difference无/ 有一点/ 有很大/ 有一些差别 t
20、ell the difference between 说出的差别 be different from 与不同 make a difference between 区分,(1) 我们应该区分开对错。 We should make a difference between right and wrong. (2) 对我来说, 他去不去都没关系。 It makes no difference to me whether he goes or not. (3) Does it _ any difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00? A. tell
21、B. be C. give D. make,D,9. care for 关心, 照顾; 喜欢, 想要 care about 在乎，关心 take care of 照顾，保管 with care 仔细地，认真地 be careful of 当心，小心 be careful about 讲究 be careful for 当心，惦记,(1) 她一点也不在乎我 She doesnt care about me at all. (2) 你想要一杯茶吗？ Would you care for a cup of tea?,Revising useful structures,1 so Ive includ
22、ed some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. 2 The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.,3 and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys 4 first up a mountain to ridge from where we had fantastic views 5 T
23、he only possessions I could see were one broom,1. I made the jar which _ _. 2. Painting is an activity that _ _.,her birthday,I gave her for,enjoy,I really,3. The interpreter to whom you _ is on holiday. 4. The man who _ _ is a doctor. 5. The woman whose daughter _ is over there.,need to talk,just m
24、arried,my best friend has,I went to school with,6. The school where you _ has been improved. 7. Anne is doing some research on the time when her _.,studied last year,grandmother was a child,8. The reason why he _ was that he was watching an interview of the first Chinese astronaut on TV.,was late fo
25、r school,定语从句 I,一、定义： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 The man who lives next to us is a lawyer.,The man is a layer. The man lives next to us.,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。,二、关系代词和关系副词的作用： 1. 由who, whom, whose引导的定语从句这类定语从句中who用作主语, whom作宾语, whos
26、e作定语指人。 This is the man who helped me. 这位是帮过我的那个人。,The Doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位大夫在屋里。 Do you know the man whose name is Liu Xiang? 你认识那个叫刘翔的人吗？,2. which引导的定语从句 这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。 This is the book which you want. 这就是你要的那本书。 The building which stands near th
27、e river is our school. 河边的那栋楼是我们学校。,The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 有机器的房间是车间。 1) whom，whose，which作介词宾语 时, 介词一般可放在它们之前, 也 可放在从句原来的位置上, 在含有 介词的动词固定词组中, 介词只能 放在原来的位置上。,注意！,This is the person whom you are looking for. 这位就是你在找的那个人。 2) 引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代 词往往用which，不用that。 I have lost my
28、book, which I like very much.,注意！,3. 由that引导的定语从句 that在定语从句中可以指人或物, 在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。 The letter that I received was from my father. 我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。,在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句： 1) 先行词是不定代词: all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。 All that we have to do is to practice every
29、 Day. 我们要做的就是每天练习。,注意！,2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。,Bear them in your mind!,3) 先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 你给我的书我全读完了。 4) 先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。,He is
30、 the only person that I want to talk to. 他是唯一的我想跟说话的人。 5) 先行词既有人又有物时。 They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。,4. 由when, where, why引导的定语从句。 I know the reason why he came late. 我知道他为什么来晚了。 This is the place where we lived for 5 years. 这就是我住过五年的地方。,I
31、will never forget the Day when I met Mr. Li. 我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。 先行词是表示地点时, 有时用where，有时用that (which)引导定语从句。这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用that (which), 否则用where。,This is the house where he lived last year.这就是我去年住的房子。 This is the house that (which) he visited last year. 这就是我去年去过的房子。,5. 由as引导的定语从句 as可作
32、为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。 1. such as “像一样的”， “像之类” the sameas “和同样的,注意！,在这两个句型中, as是关系代词, 其中such, same做定语, 修饰主句的名词、代词, 这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词, as在从句中担任主、宾、表。 This is the same thing as we are in need of. Such people as you say are short now.,2. such as such为代词，意思为 “这样的人/物”，as修饰先行词such。 This book is not such as I h
33、ope. 3. the sameas/the same that “用一个” as that都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as.,She is the same age as you that you are. 4. , as “有些” 在这里, as引导非限定性定语从句, 相当于which引导的非限定性定语从句, 有时可互换。 He is from Beijing, as/which they know from the way he speaks.,三、注意事项：,关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分。 a. This is the place where he w
34、orks. This is the place which (that) we visited last year.,b. That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which) we spent together? c. This is the reason why he went. The reason that (which) he gave us was quite reasonable.,1. Ive read all the books _ you gave me. A. whic
35、h B. them C. what D. that,2. There isnt much _ I can do. A. what B. which C. that D. how,C,D,I. Choose the right answer.,3. He keeps a record of everything _ he had seen there. A. he B. that C. which D. what,4. Tell us about the people and the places _ are different from ours. A. that B. who C. whic
36、h D. whom,A,B,5. Mr John said that Suzhou was the first city _ he had visited in China. A. that B. where C. which D. what,A,6. The TV play I watched last night is the best one _ I have watched this year. A. which B. what C. whose D. that,D,7. Last Sunday they reached Qingdao, _ a conference was to b
37、e held. A. which B. that C. when D. where,D,8. Is this the museum _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one,9. I began to work in Beijing in the year _ New China was founded. A. when B. that C. which D. where,A,A,10. This is the very film _ Ive long wished to see. A. which
38、 B. that C. who D. whom,11. There is no difficulty _ cant be overcome in the world. A. that B. which C. who D. what,A,B,12. Who is the person _ is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower? A. who B. that C. which D. whom,B,13. This was the supermarket _ I bought this kind of tin. A. where B. th
39、at C. who D. which,14. The house _ the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery. A. that B. where C. what D. when,A,A,15. This is the last time _ I shall come here to help you. A. that B. which C. when D. what,16. The house _ we live is not big. A. in that B. which C. in which D. that,A,C,17. My
40、neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. that C. which D. whom,C,18. All _ glitters is not gold. A. that B. which C. 不填 D. what,19. I now know why Mao impresses everyone who meets him the way _ he does. A. which B. what C. 不填 D. now,C,A,20. Beijing, _
41、is the capital of China, is a beautiful city. A. that B. it C. which D. 不填,21. She was no longer the woman she was. A. that B. which C. what D. who,A,C,22. Thats the hotel _ last year. A. which we stayed B. at that we stayed C. Where we stayed at D. where we stayed,D,23. The doctor did all _ to save
42、 the wounded boy. A. what he could B. he could C. everything which he could D. for which he could do,B,24. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that againsts B. that against C. who is against D. who are against,C,25. The place _ you are standing used to be an old church. A. which B. where C. that
43、 D. when,26. Youve made the same mistake _ you made last time. A. as B. like C. which D. that,A,B,27. It is not such an interesting magazine _ I thought. A. as B. that C. which D. 不填,28. _ you know, he is a famous musician. A. As B. which C. That D. 不填,A,A,29. Mr Zhou, _ native language was Chinese,
44、 could read and write several foreign languages. A. whose B. his C. which D. that,A,30. Do you know the actor _ you saw playing Hamlet is now doing King Lear? A. who B. whom C. whose D. which,B,31. I took my friend to the Summer Palace, _ we had some photos taken. A. where B. which C. that D. 不填,A,3
45、2. Do you remember the day _ your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts? A. which B. on which C. about which D. 不填,B,33. The bus, _was already full, was surrounded by an angry crowd. A. which of most B. most of which C. which of the most D. most of that,B,34. We all remember the days _ we studied together at school. A. which B. that C. when D. 不填,35. Do you know the reason he didnt come? A. that B. which C. for D. why,C,D,36. I showed the doctor the place _