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1、,初中英语中考阅读理解,客观阅读和主观阅读,阅读理解的考察方式：,一、中考的阅读会选什么样的文章？,体裁 -多样 （多为记叙文、说明文、应用文， 有时也有议论文） 题材 -丰富 （小故事、日常生活/学习小窍门、文化习俗、名人轶事等）,二、客观阅读题的题目设置：,细节理解题 整体概括题 理解推测题,1、什么是细节理解题？,考察该文章中有关事件发生的具体细节的题目，如：时间、地点、人物、事件、方式等；,What When Who Where Why How,Which statement is true according to the passage?,William Shakespeare w
2、as a writer of plays and poems. Some of his most famous plays are Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth. He wrote thirty-seven plays in all. They are still popular today. Shakespeare wrote many famous plays except _. A. Hamlet B. Macbeth C. Romeo and Juliet D. Man and Superman. (What),让我们看几个例子：,He was b
3、orn in 1564 in England. At school he liked watching plays. He decided to be an actor when he finished school at the age of fourteen. In 1582, he married a farmers daughter. She was eight years older than he was. Shakespeare decided to be an actor in _. A. 1578 B. 1582 C. 1599 D. 1616 (When),Their fi
4、rst child was a daughter. Later they had twins. In 1585, Shakespeare left his hometown, Stratford-upon-Avon. His wife and children stayed behind. No one knows why he left or what he did between 1585 and 1592. In 1585, Shakespeare left his hometown Stratford-upon-Avon _. A. with his wife B. with his
5、daughter C. alone D. with his wife and children (With whom),A: and dont forget the milk, we havent got any left. B: So we need milk, bread, chicken and eggs. Anything else? A: No. Wait a minute. Were having Anne and Tony to dinner on Friday. She doesnt eat meat. Youd better get some fish. B: OK. See
6、 you later., Which shopping list does the speaker take?,1 large fish, bread, 4 chicken thighs, 2 kilos pork 2 litres milk, 1 kilo fresh beef, 8 chicken wings, 1 doz eggs, 1 fresh fish 1 litre milk, some bread, 4 chicken breasts, 1 doz eggs, 1 kilo fresh fish 2 litres milk, 1 doz eggs, 2 kilos fish,
7、1 whole chicken Which shopping list does the speaker take? A. B. C. D. ,(Which),What time did Mrs Green call the police?,What time did Mrs Green call the police?,At 9:00 a.m. B. At 9: 30 p.m. C. At 9:40 p.m. D. At 9: 45 p.m.,(What time),Why do Canadians and Americans often invite friends for meals a
8、t home? A. Because they can save time. B. Because they can spend less money. C. Because they enjoy entertaining at home. D. Because they have modern and beautiful houses.,In Canada and the United States, people enjoy entertaining(请客) at home. They often invite friends over for a meal, a party, or ju
9、st for coffee and conversation.,(Why),Here are the kinds of things people say when they invite someone to their home: “Would you like to come over for dinner Saturday night?” Sometimes, however, people use expressions that sound like invitations but which are not real invitations. For example: “Plea
10、se come over for a drink sometime.” They are not real invitations because they dont mention a specific time or date.,Which of the following is a real invitation?,Which of the following is a real invitation? A. “If youre free, lets go for a drink sometime.” B. “Please go to the cinema with me some da
11、y.” C. “Would you like to have a cup of tea with us sometime?” D. “Ive two tickets here. Can you go to the concert with me?” (Which statement is true according to the passage?),Dear Sir or Madam, Last Thursday, I travled on the 8:00 train from Glasgow to London Kings Cross and I was quite angry with
12、 the service of your company. The train didnt come on timeWe had further delays on the way and had to wait another thirty minutes. As a result, I missed my plane from London to Frankfurt and had to wait for several hours Your faithfully David Robertson, How did David go to Frankfurt from London ?,(H
13、ow),How did David go to Frankfurt from London ?,Dear Sir or Madam, Last Thursday, I travled on the 8:00 train from Glasgow to London Kings Cross and I was quite angry with the service of your company. The train didnt come on timeWe had further delays on the way and had to wait another thirty minutes
14、. As a result, I missed my plane from London to Frankfurt and had to wait for several hours Your faithfully David Robertson,By plane. B. By bus. C. By car. D. By train.,2、什么是整体概括题？,从文章的整体层面上设置的主观概括题，如：为本文选择一个恰当的题目、推测本文作者想要表达的意图等。,What is the main idea of this passage? What does the passage want to t
15、ell us?/ What does the writer actually want to say? (the writers attention) Which is the proper title according to the passage?,In Canada and the United States, people enjoy entertaining at home. They often invite . Here are the kinds of things people say when they invite someone to their home: So n
16、ext time when you hear what sounds like an invitation, listen carefully. Is it a real invitation or is the person just being friendly?,The passage is mainly about _. A. entertainment at home B. real invitations or not C. expressions of starting a conversation D. ways of ending a conversation (main i
17、dea),Each year there is an increasing number of cars Most Americans find it hard to think what life would be without a car. However, some have realized the serious problem of air pollution by cars One way to get rid of the polluted air is to Another way is to To prevent the world cut down on the num
18、ber of their carsgo to work by bike Although cars have brought us a better life, they have also brought us new problems.,The writer wants to tell us that _.,The writer wants to tell us that _. A. Riding a bike is the only way out. B. The number of cars must be cut down C. Man wont live without cars
19、D. Cars bring us not only a better life but also serious problems.,(the writers attention),Which is the best title for the passage? A. A New Way to Get Rid of Polluted Air B. Cars and Polluted Air C. Many Serious Problems in the USA D. Changes in Car Production,(the best title),3、什么是理解推测题？,根据文章的上下文，
20、猜测某个词在该情境中的具体含义； 根据对文章片断的理解，重新排列成正确的顺序； 根据所给的部分文章内容，推测其故事结尾或其他部分。,In the passage, the word “master” means “_” in Chinese. A. 服务员 B. 邻居 C. 佣人 D. 主人,. The wolf saw that the dog was fat and comfortable, so he asked, “Cousin dog, do you know where I can find some food?” “Oh, there is always food in my h
21、ouse,” said the dog. “My master gives me plenty of meat.” “Master?” said the wolf. “Whats that?” “The man I work for,” said the dog. “My job is easy. I ”,Coffeehouses and the London Stock Exchange In the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy and noisy places. Businessmen and bankers went to co
22、ffeehouses to their business, as well as to drink coffee. In fact, the London Stock Exchange (股票交易所) is believed to have started from these coffeehouses., From the last paragraph （段落）we can see .,A. a new business was started in coffeehouses B. coffeehouses are still used by businessmen and bankers
23、C. businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses just for coffee D. most people wouldnt like to go to coffeehouses because of the noise,Coffeehouses and the London Stock Exchange In the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy and noisy places. Businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses to their
24、 business, as well as to drink coffee. In fact, the London Stock Exchange (股票交易所) is believed to have started from these coffeehouses., From the last paragraph （段落）we can see .,It is a beautiful day in June. The sun is hot. Its time to harvest strawberries, and the strawberry fields are full of peop
25、le. They are picking fruit for fun. They can buy strawberries in a supermarket, but it is cheaper to pick their own fruit. Strawberries from the farm are also fresher. The story implies(暗示) that strawberries in the supermarket are _. A. larger B. less fresh C. cheaper D. better for your health,三、解题技
26、巧：,通常老师出题时会考虑一个段落出一题，因此，同学们做题时可以按照这个思路一段一段地向下找答案。 答题前可以先通读全文，同时有意识地把一些关键词句勾画下来，以便答题时能迅速找到相应的答案。 如果时间紧张，也可以先读题，再根据每一段开头的主题句，到相应的段落中找答案。,同学们在练习中要注意：,有意识地针对自己的薄弱点做一些练习： 如果是细节题经常错，那么每次做类似的题目时都要在原文中把相应的句子勾画出来； 如果是整体概括题经常错，就要有意识地锻炼自己找文章的中心句和每一段的主题句（可以参照语文阅读中的相应做题方法），把这些句子结合在一起来概括文章的中心大意，切不可根据刚刚读过的最后一段来做此类
27、题目。,中考链接,让我们试一试,My favourite great book is The Adventure of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain. Tom lives with his aunt Polly in a quiet street of St Petersburg, Missouri. Hes a lively and clever young boy, and he finds himself in many exciting adventures (冒险) . He runs away with his two friends, Huck Finn an
28、d Joe, to an island in the middle of the Mississippi River for several days. With Huck he goes looking for treasure, with Becky he gets lost in a cave, and finally, they find a box of gold.,My favourite scene in the book is when everyone thinks Tom is dead. He decides to go to his own funeral. He hi
29、des and watches for a time, and then suddenly he appears. Everyone is surprised to see him but theyre also pleased to see him alive. Tom is the hero of the story, but there are other important characters. Huck is an outsider and everyone is afraid of him. Becky is pretty with fair hair, Joe is Toms
30、best friend, and Injun Joe is the bad man of the story.,The theme of the story is about children growing up. It describes how strangers are seen in small towns of America. Finally, it talks about freedom, social rules and how people are punished (惩罚) for bad behavior. Why do I think The Adventure of
31、 Tom Sawyer is a great book? Mark Twain wrote the story in 1876, but its still read and loved by people all over the world today. And although its only a story, Twain wrote it in the everyday English of the southern states of America in the 19th century, so it sounds very real. Today its thought to
32、be one of the greatest books in American literature. Go on read it! I know youll enjoy it, too.,1. Where does Tom run away with his two friends? A. To a quiet street. B. To a small town. C. To an island. D. To a forest.,Hes a lively and clever young boy, and he finds himself in many exciting adventu
33、res (冒险) . He runs away with his two friends, Huck Finn and Joe, to an island in the middle of the Mississippi River for several days.,2. Who is the bad man in the story? A. Huck Finn. B. Injun Joe. C. Becky. D. Polly.,Huck is an outsider and everyone is afraid of him. Becky is pretty with fair hair
34、, Joe is Toms best friend, and Injun Joe is the bad man of the story.,3. How did people feel when Tom appeared at his own funeral? A. They were surprised and pleased. B. They were surprised and sad. C. They were worried and excited. D. They were frightened and happy.,He decides to go to his own fune
35、ral. He hides and watches for a time, and then suddenly he appears. Everyone is surprised to see him but theyre also pleased to see him alive.,4. The whole book is mainly about . A. freedom and social rules B. childrens bad behaviour C. the growth of young children D. strangers in American small tow
36、ns.,The theme of the story is about children growing up. It describes how strangers are seen in small towns of America. Finally, it takes about freedom, social rules and how people are punished (惩罚) for bad behaviour.,5. The writer writes the article to . A. ask us to read the book B. tell us how po
37、pular the book is today C. tell us when Mark Twain wrote the story D. tell us why the story sounds very real,Today its thought to be one of the greatest books in American literature. Go on read it! I know youll enjoy it, too.,我们怎样做才能提高阅读成绩呢？,坚持以下原则： 定量-坚持定时做一定量的练习； 耐心-对于每篇文章都要耐心地看下去； 忽略-要学会忽略遇到的生词，不
38、要逐字读文章，遇到不影响理解的生词跳过去； 学习方法-在老师讲解的过程中注意老师所讲的解题方法，学会如何有针对性地在文章中找答案，有意识地分析为什么有些题型总是会错，并试着找些类似的题目多加练习。,主观阅读题考什么？,1. 理解文章后找出相应答案，并用英语表述出来； 2. 我们所要完成的任务包括回答问题、填写表格、将一句英文翻译成中文、偶尔会要求把一句英文排列成正确的语序、猜测某个词在句中的意思。,如何解答这些题目：,有的问题的答案可以直接在文章中找到，但是我们需要付出足够的耐心； 有的问题的答案需要我们将有关信息重新组合一下，因此我们必须细心思考； 有的问题要我们表达自己的观点，需要我们简单
39、明了地表述出来。 将英文译成中文时要注意符合中文的语言习惯，不能简单地按照英文的顺序翻译。,In a country such as the United States, people with different history, culture and language join together and they pay much attention to personal ideas. Teachers try to make each student special. Students do not have to remember a lot of information. Ins
40、tead, they work and find answers by themselves. Do students in the United States have to remember a lot of information?,No.,There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age students learn to have their own ideas. Their education encourages personal thought. The importance is placed on how
41、 to arrive at an answer and not only to get the correct answer. There is often discussion in the classroom in America, isnt there? What does the education in the United States encourage?,Yes.,Personal thought.,In most Asian countries, people have the same language, history and culture. Perhaps for t
42、his reason, the education there pays more attention to group goals than personal ideas. Children in China and Japan often work together and help each other on homework. Which does the education in some Asian countries pay more attention to, group goals or personal ideas?,Group goals.,Put the sentenc
43、e “In some Asian countries, however, teachers often feel that their job is to pass knowledge to students. ” into Chinese.,然而，在一些亚洲国家，老师们觉得他们的工作就是把知识传递给学生。,中考链接,Our local community (社区）Youth Club is a very popular organization with young people in my town. I have been a member for four years now and
44、Ive taken part in a lot of interesting projects. These include fun activities such as holiday camps and discos. We have even made a video. But it isnt all just enjoyment. We have also started doing social work to help people in our neighborhood. We have organized activities or small children during
45、the holidays. We have also formed a special support group to help young people stop smoking .,We are particularly proud of the most recent group we have created. It organizes regular visits to the local home for the elderly. This idea came from a school visit to a home for the elderly. My class spen
46、t an afternoon at the home and everyone found the visit very rewarding (有意义的). The old people at the home were excited by our visits. They were very talkative (健谈的) and they told us their personal stories. During our visit, the home was full of the sound of laughter. We sang songs and played games w
47、ith the old people and had tea together. But we realized that life wasnt always easy.,Some of them were in poor health and were very unhappy. They couldnt go outside and the visits by children brought some sunshine into their lives. Many young people like me have very little contact with elderly peo
48、ple. As a result, we have a lot of wrong ideas about them. We have little or no idea of the kind of lives they lead in the homes. After this visit, my friends and I decided we should do something to help improve the quality of their lives.,Since the creation of our visiting group, over twenty volunt
49、eers have joined us. Up to now, we have organized three group evening parties and a concert. But I think the individual (单独的）visits are the most important. Club members regularly visit old people and everyone finds the experience rich and rewarding.,Our local community (社区）Youth Club is a very popular organization with young people in my town. I have been a m