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1、20192019年中考英语：阅读理解优编题（一）及答案 【实战训练】 A （2019 中考教育类选练） Next time youre unhappy or complaining about your life, dont turn to a cheerful comedy. You might find a tear-jerking tragedy(催人泪下的悲剧) is just the thing you need to brighten your day. A team of researchers at Ohio State University, US, has found sa
2、d movies can make people happier, Science Daily reported last month. Many people find tragedies make them realize how good their own lives are, the study showed. “People seem to use tragedies as a way to reflect on the important relationships in their own lives,” said Silvia Knobloch-Westerwick, lea
3、der of the study. “Tragic stories often focus on themes of eternal(永恒的) love, and this leads viewers to think about their loved ones and count their good and helpful things.” In the study, researchers gathered 361 college students and showed them the 2007 movie, Atonement. The movie is about two lov
4、ers who are separated(分离) and finally die during World War II. Before and after the movie, the students were asked questions measuring(衡量) how happy they were with their lives. Researchers also asked them before, after and three times during the movie to measure various emotions, including sadness.
5、Researchers found that the sadder students felt while watching the movie, the more likely they were to think about real people they had close relationships with in life. This increased their happiness after watching the movie. Knobloch-Westerwick explained that negative(消极的) moods make people more t
6、houghtful. “Positive(积极的) emotions show that everything is fine, you dont have to worry, you dont have to think about problems in your life,” she said. “But negative emotions, like sadness, make you think more critically about your situation. So seeing a tragic movie may make you sad, but that will
7、make you to think more about your own close relationships and appreciate them more.” 1 The link between watching a tragic story and feeling better has long been recognized. The ancient Greeks even had a word for the feeling of happiness after seeing something sad that led to the modern English word
8、“catharsis (宣泄)”. The study also showed that relationships are a very important source of happiness in our lives, so it is no surprise that thinking about your loved ones makes you happier, researchers said. 1. Which of the following about the study of Ohio State University is NOT true? A. Only sadn
9、ess is measured in the study. B. Students emotions are measured by asking questions. C. The study shows relationships are a source of happiness. D. Those who felt sadder when watching the movie were more likely to be happier after that. 2. Why are ancient Greeks mentioned in the passage? A. To intro
10、duce the meaning of the word “Catharsis”. B. To explain the importance of knowing how to become happier. C. To prove that they were of high intelligence and guessed its meaning. D. To tell readers the relationship between tragedies and happiness was found long ago. 3. From Knobloch-Westerwicks expla
11、nation, we can learn that . A. seeing tragedies makes you more thoughtful B. positive emotions make you think more about your relationships C. negative emotions show you have no need to think about your situation D. after seeing comedies, you will appreciate your close relationships more 4. Which is
12、 the title of the passage? A. Watching sad films may start smiles B. There is eternal love in the world C. Its useless to complain about life D. Comedies should make way for tragedies 参考答案 1A 2D 3A 4A 2 【实战训练】 B Marys plan for next week Monday 7:30 go to the cinema with Alice Tuesday 11:00 doctor We
13、dnesday 9:00 table tennis game evening-study for exam Thursday 8:30 concert Friday Afternoonhelp Uncle Sam in his restaurant Saturday 9:0010:30 art class 14:00 visit grandmother Sunday 8:00 supper with Betty and Ann Peters plan for next week Monday study group meeting 3:00 p.m. Tuesday basketball ma
14、tch 4:30 p.m. Wednesday go to see some friends 2:00 p.m. Thursday noon, lunch with Larry Friday 2:004:00 p.m. volunteer(志愿者) work Student Centre Saturday Shopping 10:00 a.m. Sunday Basketball team party 9:00 p.m. 1. Peters study group meeting will be on _. A. Saturday morning B. Monday afternoon C.
15、Saturday evening D. Friday afternoon 2. From Peters plan we learn that Peter likes _. A. table tennis B. music C. art D. basketball 3. On Sunday morning Mary will _. A. be free B. be busy C. see the doctor D. go shopping 4. What will Mary do on Wednesday evening? A. See her friends B. Play basketbal
16、l C. Go to her art class D. Prepare for an exam 【答案及解析】 3 1. B 细节题。在 Peter 的计划中找 group meeting 可找到星期一下午 3 点。 2. D 推断题。根据他的计划表中星期二他要参加篮球赛，星期天又篮球队聚会可以推断出。 3. A 推断题。因为在 Mary 的计划表中，星期日上午没有安排，由此可以推断：她星期日上午有 空。 4. D 细节题。在 Mary 的计划表中的 Wednesday一栏中可找到。 【实战训练】 C -流行小天王 He is quiet and shy. He likes to hide h
17、is eyes behind his hair. He doesnt smile very often. However, if you talk to him about music, hell have a lot to say. This is Jay Chou, the 24-year-old Taiwanese pop king(天王). His fans are so excited because he will sing songs in Beijing on September 12. Those songs are from his new album (唱片), “Ye
18、Huimei”, and the album was released (发行) in July and was named after his mother. Chou grew up just with his mother. He did not talk much and did badly in many school subjects. His mother noticed the boys special interest in music and sent him to learn piano when he was only three years old. He loved
19、 it and kept on practicing. Chou is not very handsome. He does not speak clearly when he sings or talks. But the singer has huge crowds of fans. “He is really good at music. It makes him attractive(有魅 力的) to me,” said Liu Jiajun, a Junior 2 student in No.101 Middle School in Beijing. “He is true to
20、himself. He never follows others,” said Zhang Yujie, a Junior 1 girl at Huaibei Middle School in Sihong, Jiangsu Province. 根据以上短文内容，然后从每题所给的四个选项中选择最佳选项。 1. From this passage, we know that Jay Chou _. A. is very handsome B. has a bright smile C. often makes too much noise D is a pop music star 2. His
21、 fans are so excited because _. 4 A. he released a new album in July B. he will sing new songs in Beijing C. he can play the piano very well D. his new album was named after his mother 3. When he was a little child, he _. A. talked a lot every day B. did well in his study at school C. started to lik
22、e music D. had huge crowds of fans 4. According to one of his fans, Jay _. A. is a good student B. has long and beautiful hair C. is a well-known pianist D. is very attractive to them 5. The sentence “He never follows others” in the last paragraph means _. A. he always has his own style(风格) B. he li
23、kes to walk alone C. he doesnt like other peoples songs at all D. no one can catch up with him 【答案及解析】 1. 选 D。根据第 5 段中的 Chou is not very handsome. 可知 A 不对；根据第 1 段中的 He doesnt smile very often 可知 B 不对；根据第 1 段中的 He is quiet and shy 可知 C 也不对。 故答案选 D。 2. 选 B。根据第 2 段中的 His fans are so excited because he
24、will sing songs in Beijing on September 12 可知答案。 3. 选 C。根据第 4 段的 His mother noticed the boys special interest in music 可知 Chou 小的时候就对音乐很感兴趣，也就是或那时就开始喜欢音乐了。 4. 选 D。根据第 5 段中 It makes him attractive to me 可知答案。 5.选 A。这句话本意是说他不会跟随其他人，但跟文章主题音乐联系起来，以及根据前面一句话 He is true to himself 可知隐含意义为他有自己的音乐风格。 【实战训练】
25、D （2019 中考教育类选练） We all s ee and hear about extraordinary(优秀的) people around us and wonder why we cant be more like them. Its not the big things that make someone extraordinary. Its the small things. They become extraordinary by making a difference in someones life. Here are some of the things extra
26、ordinary people do every day: 5 Praise(表扬)someone. It can make the others feel great about themselves. A compliment can have a positive impact(影响) on their lives. Your team or family will love you for it. Its OK to admit(承认) you were wrong. You will not only gain the respect of your team mates, but
27、you will also gain credibility(信用). When you need help, dont be shy or stop yourself. Everyone needs a little help sometimes. When you ask for help, you receive help. Youre willing to listen; you also need support at times. When you dont understand how something works, let an expert show you. When y
28、ou let someone teach you something, you are telling the person that you respect his talent, time and what he is talking about. Sometimes it is very important to stay silent. Especially when youre angry, process your emotions, think back to what happened, and then come to a decision about how to deal
29、 with it. Before you say anything, consider others feeling. Never be rude with words or actions. ( ) 1. In the passage, how many points about being an extraordinary person does the writer refer to? A. Five. B. Six. C. Seven. D. Eight. ( ) 2. For an extraordinary people, if he makes a mistake, what w
30、ill he do? A. Praise others. B. Be angry. C. Admit his mistake. D. Stay silent. ( ) 3. What makes a person become extraordinary? A. Do some big and great things. B. Some small things. C. Having a lot of money. D. To be a famous person. ( ) 4. Something unhappy happens, and you have to make a decisio
31、n. What shouldnt you do? A. Stay silent. B. Process your emotions. C. Think back to what happened. D. Be rude with words or actions. ( ) 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. How to process your emotions. B. How to admit mistakes. C. How to become an extraordinary person. D. How to do more s
32、mall things. 6 参考答案 1A 2C 3B 4D 5C 【实战训练】 E （2019 中考保健与健康类选练） Cooking Kills Four Million People a Year Polluted airborne particles（大气悬浮颗粒）kill 7 million people a year, reports the World Health Organization. That news may not come as a surprise to anyone who has seen images of chimneys in Beijing, De
33、lhi or Mexico. But those factoriesor even the jammed roadways of modern citiesare not the biggest killer. Each year, some 4.3 million people die earlier than they should because of polluted air inside their homes, says the WHO. Whats causing the air inside peoples homes to be so poisonous that it ki
34、lls around 11,000 people a day? Stoves. “Having an open fire in your kitchen is like burning 400 cigarettes an hour.” says Kirk Smith, a professor at the University of California at Berkeley, whose research suggests that household air pollution from cooking killed between 3.5 million and 4 million p
35、eople in 2013. Not all stoves cause this kind of harm. The ones Smiths talking about are those that the 3 billion people in the developing world use for heat and cooking, which burn solid fuels such as wood, coal, or crop waste instead of gas. The smoke from those fires produces harmful fine particl
36、es and carbon monoxide into homes. Poor ventilation then prevents that smoke from escaping, raising fine particle levels 100 times higher than the limits that the WHO considers acceptable. Breathing this air day in day out finally causes a lot of diseases: more than a third of the 4.3 million die of
37、 a stroke, while a quarter die of heart disease. And around one-third of annual lung disease deaths worldwide are due to waste from coal stoves. Exposure tends to be extremely harmful for the people who spend the most time around the fireusually women and young children. In fact, the WHO reports tha
38、t household air pollution almost doubles the risk for childhood lung disease. 1. According to Kirk Smiths research, _. A. factories are the biggest killer worldwide nowadays 7 B. burning 400 cigarettes an hour is extremely dangerous C. household air pollution from cooking is surprisingly harmful D.
39、some 4.3 million people die earlier each year than they should 2. What should be the deadly killer in a household kitchen? A. Solid fuels. B. Coal stoves. C. Poor gas. D. Cooking smoke. 3. The underlined word “ventilation” in Paragraph 4 probably means _. A. airing B. cooking C. burning D. cooling 4. The author intends to tell people _. A. how to avoid polluted air in their homes B. to stop cooking in the household kitchen C. to guard against household pollution from cooking D. how to prevent childhood lung diseases in household 参考答案 1 C 2. D 3. A 4. C 8