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1、Paragraph one,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 1?,Paragraph one,The incident of the getting the hit: about going to school When he is asked to go to school The Boy vowed never to go and take it as a waste of time Because his philosophy is the same as that of his companions he kee
2、ps and he revered his companions and take their words as oracle,Paragraph two,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 2?,Paragraph two,The life style (that captivated him) His life style is like the boys, they left home, living in neighborhood junkyard sleeping in abandoned cars, eating
3、 brown bread sometimes going into the white people dominated circles to work as servants, attendants, for instance, to work as an attendants to a golf player. To steal bear and soda bottles from shebeens.,Paragraph three,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 3?,Paragraph three,Living
4、environment the value of an education was never emphasized the first thing children learned was not how to read and write, but how to fight, steal, rebel money to send children to school was grossly lacking, survival was first priority Result: he would never go to school under the condition that he
5、was living in such an environment, that he was attracted to the life style of his companions.,Paragraph four to seven,What happened to the boy one morning?,Paragraph four to seven,Before the bath (4-6) He was waked up at four in the morning and asked to get into a washtub his response is to refuse b
6、ecause: he had no natural inclination for water. he had no trait of cleanliness, and the only washtub the family had always sprung a leak.(生漏缝). Result: throughout seven years of his life the number of baths he had taken could be counted on one hand with several fingers missing. his mothers response
7、 to his refusal: to shook a finger to menace, to force him to take a bath,Paragraph four to seven,what happened after he was forced to take a bath? (the process of bath),Paragraph four to seven,obeyed the order of his mother but still had doubt why to take a bath the mother used a scropbrush and Lif
8、ebuoy soap to purge him of years and years of grime the boy ached, bled and howled, feeling pain shoot through his limbs when the sharp brush touched his stubborn callouses.,Paragraph eight,What happened after the mother and boy heard a knock at the door? (The bath interrupted),Paragraph eight,My mo
9、ther leaped away from the tub and on tiptoe headed to the bedroom The boy was seized by fear, sat frozen in the bathtub,Paragraph eight,Why did mother leaped away and on tiptoe headed to bedroom and why was the boy sat frozen? Why would the thought of the coming of the police make them so fear.,Para
10、graph eight,Because they wanted the person outside to have the wrong perception that there is no one inside the home. Because the boy might fight with others, steal soda and beer bottles or other things, and might rebel and resist or defy a generally accepted convention, regulation or break a law, o
11、r committed an arrestable crime.,Paragraph nine to thirteen,What is expressed in the following few paragraphs?,Paragraph nine to thirteen,the mother forgot totally about the set date that the granny would come. After hearing grandmas distinctive shrilling voice, Mother heaved a sigh of relief and fe
12、lt relax and then opened the door to let in the granny, and said to granny that she was greatly scared. Then the the granny asked mother if she is ready to send boy to school.,Paragraph fourteen and fifteen,What is expressed in paragraph 14 and 15?,Paragraph fourteen and fifteen,After he was asked t
13、o get out of bathtub, he was handed to a piece of cloth to dry himself. At the same time a lot of questions emerged in his mind. So, The boy still didnt know what would happen to him after he took the bath Then the boy saw the mother went into the bedroom and brought out a stained white shirt and a
14、pair of faded shorts. And asked him to put on clothes.,Paragraph sixteen,What was he like after putting on his fathers garments? What was the purpose to have him smeared? What did he looked like after being smeared with a mixture of pigs fat and vaseline? Why did he feel so hot?,Paragraph sixteen,Th
15、e boy looked ridiculous, funny and would probably bring about laughters. To insulate him from cold. His skin looked as shining as morning star. Also he felt awkward and embarrassed, and this awkwardness made him feel hot.,Paragraph seventeen to nineteen,What happened when the boy heard that he is go
16、ing to start school?,Paragraph seventeen to nineteen,When he heard that he was going to start school he gasped to indicate that he was greatly surprised. And leapt from chair in a sudden as if the chair was made of hot lead. He spoke without any second thought (blurt) about his unwillingness to go t
17、o school Then he raced to the windowsill tried to quit home but was caught At last he struggled (tussled) and tried to break away but only to be held fast by his mother.,Paragraph twenty to twenty-one,What did the mother do after she pinned down the boy? And what was the boys response? What was the
18、outcome?,Paragraph twenty to twenty-one,The mother asked grannys help her to get a rope to have the boy bound. Granny helped mother. The boys response is to bite and to claw every hand that grabbed him and howled protestation against going to school. the outcome was that the boy was no match for the
19、 two determined matriachs, and his hands and feet were bound and dragged through the door.,Paragraph twenty-two,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 22?,Paragraph twenty-two,This paragraph gives the description the view about the daily traffic that the family had viewed when they wen
20、t to school. Old man and woman, wizened (wrinkles on forehead), bent and ragged (shabby, worn) began their rambling. To be continued,Paragraph twenty-two,Workless man and woman assembled in their usual coteries for shebeens and there they talked about how to get through pass inspection without being
21、 found out their smuggling, and some others thought hard about their conditions of life under the background of many people drinking, laughing which is meaningless and made people feel uneasy. Young boys and girls were beginning their wanderings along the narrow, dusty streets in search of food, and
22、 also carrying on the back bawling infants.,Paragraph twenty-three,What is described in the paragraph 23? What is the detailed description of the chubby black woman?,Paragraph twenty-three,an unexpected meet with chubby black woman.,Paragraph twenty-three,She came along the opposite direction with a
23、 scuttle overflowing with coal on her head that was covered with a cloth. Loosely swathed (tied) to her back with a piece of sheepskin was an infant, bawling. She was also followed by an half-naked boy, potbellied, sucking thumb, placing into the plastic bag the coal he picked up from the road that
24、fell from the scuttle that his mother carried. Finally, she stopped to say something to the family.,Paragraph twenty-four to twenty five,What is said to the family from the chubby black woman in paragraph 24-25?,Paragraph twenty-four to twenty five,Wish that the chubby black woman had and the wish t
25、hat did not come true.,Paragraph twenty-four to twenty five,What was the wish that did not come true? What is the way that the chubby black woman expressed her wish?,Paragraph twenty-four to twenty five,The chubby black woman failed to send her son to a school. The chubby black woman said that in a
26、regretful way, and also in unsolicited way (without being asked to give the advice) And also tearfully she said, before sending the boy to a school, the ill influence along the street had already put him under control and turned him into a tsotsi.,Paragraph twenty-six,What is the main idea that is e
27、xpressed in paragraph 26?,Paragraph twenty-six,Granny and mothers consolatory remarks to the strange woman. What might be the the contents of those consolatory remarks?,Paragraph twenty-six,The consolatory remarks might be something to let her not to be so sorry, and she might still be able to send
28、her son to school and turn him back to be a good boy again.,Paragraph twenty-seven,After hearing the consolatory remarks what was the following part of the story?,Paragraph twenty-seven,Tearfully and made no attempt to dry her tears, the strange woman went on her story that her son had been turned i
29、nto taotsi, and already went beyond help even if the mother wanted to because the he had died.,Paragraph twenty-eight,In a sympathetic way, what else did the boys mother ask in paragraph 28?,Paragraph twenty-eight,In her sympathetic voice the boys mother asked the reason why the chubby black womans
30、son died.,Paragraph twenty-nine,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 29? What is the real reason that caused the death of the chubby black womans son?,Paragraph twenty-nine,The chubby black woman expressed the reason of the death of her son and also expressed the reason why she would
31、 like to give the unsolicited advice. The reason that the chubby black womans son died is that he shunned school, and grew up to live by the knife. The knife was his means to his life and also was the cause to his death. She would like to apply the story of her son as an example to educate boys of s
32、imilar ages to recognize the value of education and ill fortune of those who refused to go to school.,Paragraph thirty,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 30?,Paragraph thirty,The response that the boys mother had after she was told the story. What is exactly the response?,Paragraph
33、 twenty-eight,The response of hers was that she got stirred or excited and shouted something into the boys ear. She wanted the boy to get the implication that if he did not go to school the same thing would happened to him?,Paragraph thirty-one,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 31
34、?,Paragraph thirty-one,The boy got confused and could not find any connection between going to school and the death of the son of the chubby black woman. What may be the reason that made him not to believe the connection.,Paragraph thirty-one,According to his own experience, none of his companions d
35、ied in the same way, so his mother might exaggerate incident.,Paragraph thirty-two,The granny also expressed her sympathy to the chubby black woman.,Paragraph thirty-three,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 33?,Paragraph thirty-three,The family reached the school and was led to the
36、 principals office. The office is a tiny cubicle facing a row of privies and a patch of yellowed grass.,Paragraph thirty-four,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 34?,Paragraph thirty-four,The principal met the family and in a friendly way he called him as a rascal. The paragraph als
37、o gives a description of the principal and his appearance.,Paragraph thirty-four,1. The principle himself sitting behind a brown table on which a pile of dust and cobweb-covered books were there. 2. Appearance of the principle Clothes ( foppishly dressed in a pin-striped suit) Face ( austere, shiny,
38、 inscrutable) Size ( imposing ) -The above three facts reminded the boy of his father in one of his upper pockets there was arrayed a variety of pens and pencils, in the other was nestled a lily-white handkerchief which is for decoration, not for utilitarian purpose.,Paragraph thirty-five and thirty
39、-six,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 35-36?,Paragraph thirty-five and thirty-six,When the mother was being asked if the boy the principle was looking at was the one that they once talked about, the mother gave an affirmative answer. And the principal gave his remark that the boy
40、 is living up to his notoriety and seeing the boy being tired, he asked mother to untied him.,Paragraph thirty-seven,What did the principle do and why did he purposely did so?,Paragraph thirty-seven,The principal stood and step to the door to close door in order to let the boy see a row to canes of
41、different length and thickness hanging behind door. And said that if the boy behaved himself he would not use them on him.,Paragraph thirty-eight,What was the response of the boy after he talked with principal?,Paragraph thirty-eight,The response of the boy was he gasped to express his surprise, and
42、 at the same time he abandoned any idea of quitting school.,Paragraph thirty-nine,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 39? What was the mothers response after the boy being registered?,Paragraph thirty-nine,The mothers response after the boy being registered. A broad smile across her
43、 face enormous burden being lifted from her should and conscience. In what sense can we understand the burden lifted from her conscience?,Paragraph thirty-nine,If a mother who failed to send her children to school, she felt greatly regretted, and would felt her conscience stricken or smitten.,Paragr
44、aph forty,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 40? What was in the mind of the boy when he was on his way home?,Paragraph forty,The family left the principals office and went in the direction to home. On the way boy still thought about refusing going to school and to join his friends
45、 in the junkyard.,Paragraph forty-one,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 41?,Paragraph forty-one,The reasons that support him not going to school?,Paragraph forty-one,Reluctance to surrender his freedom and independence to tyrannous discipline. Heard about bad things about life in
46、tribal school, school is nothing but a torture chamber ( daily beating and worked students like mule to long school hours, and seeing those canes was the evidence to the rumors he had heard about ) His loyalty and allegiance to the gang.,Paragraph forty-two,What is the main idea that is expressed in
47、 paragraph 42?,Paragraph forty-two,Reasons support going to school. What are those reasons?,Paragraph forty-two,Chubby black womans lamentation over her son gave a forceful example for going to school. And the boy did not wanted to end up dead in the streets. The humiliation and pain that his mother
48、 had gone though to get him enrolled in school,Paragraph forty-three to forty-five,What is the main idea that is expressed in paragraph 43-45?,Paragraph forty-three to forty-seven,on his way home. What happened on his way home?,Paragraph forty-three to forty-seven,1 Later that evening he was returni
49、ng home from playing soccer and was accosted by a neighbor and informed him that there was bloody fight at his home between his father and his mother. And his mother left. 2 the boy was stunned, controlled his rage and asked if there was anyone in the house. 3 Then he was informed that he should not go near the house. Because his father was in the house and was mad. Why could we say that the boys father was mad?,Paragraph forty-three to forty-seven,He father was mad because he Armed with a cleaver he chased his bothers and sisters away When neighbors tried