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1、welcome,History of the United States,Introduction,The Discovery of America The War of Independence The American Civil War Westward Expansion The Great Depression,Introduction to British and American Culture,The Discovery of America,Columbus In 1492, Columbus landed at one of the Caribbean islands. C
2、olumbus called the local people Indians.,Introduction to British and American Culture,Amerigo Vespucci 阿美利哥韦斯普奇（意大利航海家，商人，美洲新大陆以其命名为 America）,He first confirmed the fact that a new continent had been discovered. The New World was named America to honor Amerigo Vespucci.,Introduction to British and A
3、merican Culture,The First Permanent English Colony,In 1607 Three ships crossed the Atlantic Ocean and landed by the side of a river-the James River. The first English colony was founded at Jamestown, Virginia.,Introduction to British and American Culture,The Founding of the Thirteen Colonies,During
4、the first 150 years, the British colonies in North America became a “melting pot”. By the early 1760s, English settlers had established 13 colonies along the Atlantic coast.,Introduction to British and American Culture,The Birth of the United States,The Conflict between Britain and the American Colo
5、nists The War of Independence,Introduction to British and American Culture,The Conflict between Britain and the American Colonists,Background The British government started imposing new taxes on sugar, coffee and textiles(纺织业) . They passed many laws such as the Quartering Act and the Stamp Act(印花税法
6、 ).,Introduction to British and American Culture,Boston Tea Party 波士顿倾茶事件,Background In 1773, British government passed a new law-the Tea Act. Slogan “No taxation without representation” Time December 16, 1773 Event A group of Americans threw 342 boxes of tea into Boston Harbour(波士顿港）.,Introduction
7、to British and American Culture,The War of Independence,Time On October 19, 1781 Result The British soldiers were forced to surrender. Consequences George Washington became the first President. The 4th of July became the national holiday of America- the Independence Day.,Introduction to British and
8、American Culture,Complete a Timeline,1763: The French and Indian War ended 1773: _ 1774: The First Continental Congress 1775: _ 1776: _ 1781: _,Boston Tea Party/Tea Act,The War of Independence began,Declaration of Independence was adopted,The War of Independence ended,Introduction to British and Ame
9、rican Culture,The Declaration of Independence,On July 4, 1776 the Second Continental Congress officially declared independence and formed the United States of America by adopting the Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson（托马斯杰斐逊）of Virginia. (July 4 is celebrated as the nations bir
10、thday.),Westward Expansion “Manifest Destiny” 西进运动,1. The hardship of early pioneer settlers Oregon Trail (俄勒冈小道) The trip on foot took four to six months.,California Gold Rush加州淘金者,People traveled to California in the search for quick riches. The number of westward migrants multiplied.,The American
11、 Civil War南北战争,Northern vs. Southern Abraham Lincoln,Introduction to British and American Culture,Northern vs. Southern,Three significant conflicts between the North and South of America. The slave problem Different economic interests The political conflict Major issue Slavery,Introduction to Britis
12、h and American Culture,Northern vs. Southern,The Southern states Claimed for themselves the Confederate States (or the Confederacy) Slavery continued,The Northern States Fought to maintain the Union Called the Union States Slavery had been abolished,Introduction to British and American Culture,North
13、ern vs. Southern,Manufacturing,Continued,Less,The Union,Introduction to British and American Culture,Abraham Lincoln,March 1861 - took the office of the president. April 12, 1861-the Civil War began. September 22, 1862- issued the Emancipation Proclamation which granted freedom to about 4 million sl
14、aves. Made a famous speech in Gettysburg.,Introduction to British and American Culture,The Civil War,on April 9, 1865 The Civil War officially ended with the unconditional surrender of the South. Consequence It resolved two fundamental issues: Slavery was completely abolished; America became a singl
15、e and stronger nation.,Introduction to British and American Culture,The Great Depression,In October 1929, the stock market crashed, marketing the beginning of the Great Depression. During this time, the United States experienced deflation, unemployment soared from 3% in 1929 to 25% in 1933, and manu
16、facturing output collapsed by one-third.,Dorothea Langes Migrant Mother, depicts destitute pea pickers in California,Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal 罗斯福新政, Hoovers response to the depression President and Mrs. Roosevelt “First of all, let me assert my firm belief that the only thing we have to f
17、ear is fear itselfnameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror which paralyzes needed efforts to convert retreat into advance.”, FDR and the Early Phases of the New Deal To bring immediate relief to those who were suffering Public Works Administration Civil Works Administration To bring the economy bac
18、k to prosperity Agricultural Adjustment Administration Tennessee Valley Authority To put safeguards in place so that the same situation would not occur again Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Securities and Exchange Commission The Second New Deal The New Deal did not pull the nation out of the G
19、reat Depression However, it did substantially improve the lives of millions of people for both the short term and the long term. The programs of the New Deal would help stabilize the country and bring hope to millions.,US in the Second World Wars,After World War II Became the strongest power in the
20、world,Introduction to British and American Culture,World War II,Isolationism and Neutrality First they came for the communists, and I didnt speak out because I wasnt a communist. Then they came for the trade unionists, and I didnt speak out because I wasnt a trade unionist. Then they came for the Jews, and I didnt speak out because I wasnt a Jew. Then they came for me and there was no one left to speak out for me. Immediate Cause of Americas entrance into WWII - the Japanese raid on the US Naval Base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on December 7, 1941,THANK YOU,