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1、Chapter 13 Charlotte and Emily Bronte Meredith,Talented writers but died young,Charlotte Bront (18161855) Emily Bront (18181848) Anne Bront (18201849) Branwell Bront,The Bronts,Their Life Story,a poor clergyman family of Celtic blood,1820, move to Haworth of Yorkshire,untouched moorland wildness wit
2、h its strong winds,unhappy childhood,mothers death; stern and dominant father; strict aunt; lack of suitable society,Charlotte, took care of sisters and brother, Branwell,charity school,very poor condition,lovers of literature,read a lot,poems and stories together,The three sisters,Charllote, Emily
3、Brussels in 1842,French & German to open up a school,Charlotte, a teacher,unrequited love(单恋),a volume,novels,failed,succeeded,misfortunes,1848, Emily died a victim of consumption(肺结核) 1848, Branwell died of the illness; 1849, Anne died of the same illness; Father lost his eyesight,Charlotte decided
4、 not to be married to look after Father; Later married to Fathers curate /kjureit/(副牧师),Charlotte died less than a year after her marriage.,The three Bront sisters, in a 1834 painting by their brother Patrick Branwell. (Branwell used to be between Emily and Charlotte, but subsequently painted himsel
5、f out.),Anne Emily Charlotte,Charlotte Bronte 夏洛蒂勃朗特,Charlotte Bronte,In 1816 Charlotte Bronte was born in a country priest family in Yorkshire, Northern of the United Kingdom .Her mother died when she was very young. Three years later, eight-year-old Charlotte was taken to a special charity collect
6、ion orphans of clergy Cohen bridge woman boarding schools, where she lived a hard life and which became good materials for the creation of Jane Eyre.,Charlotte Bronte,In 1845,her first work (the Professor) was born, but the publisher refused to publish it, which shacked her deeply. However she conti
7、nued to create instead of giving up. One year later , she finished Jane Eyre. which brought her a great success.,In 1831 she entered the Miss NG school studying and then as a teacher in this school. A few years later she found a job as a tutor, which people didnt thought highly of at that time. Even
8、tually she engaged in literary creation.,Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte,Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative of the title character, a small, plain-faced, intelligent and honest English orphan. The novel goes through five distinct stages: Janes childhood at Gateshead, where she is abused by her aunt an
9、d cousins; her education at Lowood School, where she acquires friends and role models but also suffers privations; her time as the governess of Thornfield Manor, where she falls in love with her Byronic employer, Edward Rochester; her time with the Rivers family at Marshs End (or Moor House) and Mor
10、ton, where her cold clergyman-cousin St John Rivers proposes to her; and her reunion with and marriage to her beloved Rochester at his house of Ferndean.,Plot introduction,Jane Eyre,The book tells the story of an orphan girl ,Jane Eyre, whose parents died shortly soon after her birth. She is adopted
11、 by her uncle Mr. Reed who died soon, too. Then she falls into the hands of her unfeeling aunt who hates her and maltreats her because of her rebellious spirit. Then she is packed off to Lowood School, a charity institution for those poor and unwanted children. There ,the children are unbelievably m
12、altreated. They have to suffer from hunger and cold. Most of them are in bad condition. With the help of her kind-hearted teacher Miss Temple and her friends, Jane spends 8 years there, with the last two years as a teacher for the school. Then Jane becomes the governess of the little, illegitimate F
13、rench daughter of Mr. Rochester, who is a middle-aged man with a bruised heart and rather quick-tempered but very sharp-eyed and understanding. Jane falls in love with him and tells to him. And Mr. Rochester, attracted to Janes strong sense of self-dignity and equality and her high intelligence, is
14、in love with her, too.,Plot Summary,But they could not get married because Mr. Rochester is married though his wife is mad who is kept under lock and key in the house. When they are to get married, Jane learns the news and breaks the engagement.Then Jane is confronted with a difficult choice: to sta
15、y with Mr. Rochester as a mistress or to leave him as a dignified, independent woman. Jane chooses the latter and she fled the house. She goes through a lot of hardships and nearly perished on the moors. Fortunately, she is saved by a parson Rev. Rivers and his sisters, who happen to be her cousins.
16、 And she also finds herself the heiress to a large number of money from her uncle. She divides her money with her newly founded cousins. Now she is rich. While Mr. Rochester runs into misfortune. He loses his sight and becomes injured in order to save his mad wife in a fire set by the mad woman. Kno
17、wing the misfortunate that her lover went through, Jane returns to him. Then they become the real couple and live together from then on.,In 1848, Her brother died of illness. Later, Emily and Anna (her sisters) contracted tuberculosis and died. Charlotte suffered, she focus on writing so that she co
18、uld temporarily forget feelings of sadness. She completed The Shirley in 1849,which is her another great success. She married a former priest of her father in 1854.The late love brought her a comfort and joy, but the marital happiness was so short. Six months after the day, Charlotte and her husband
19、 left miles deep into the wilderness of watching Valley falls, they suffered rainstorm on the way back, then she got a disease. In 1855, the 38-year-old Charlotte died.,Emily Jane Bront /brnti/ (1818-1848),An English novelist and poet Wrote under the androgynous pen name Ellis Bell,Emily Bront Paint
20、ed by Chuck Hamrick,Emily was the third eldest of the four surviving Bront siblings, between the youngest Anne and her brother Branwell. Emily Bront is perhaps the greatest writer of the three Bront sisters - Charlotte, Emily and Anne.,Published only one novel Best remembered for her solitary novel,
21、 Wuthering Heights A classic of English literature. Some of her best lyrics are also rated with the best in English poetry.,The theme of the novel,The novel is a riddle which means different things to different people. From the social point of view, it is a story about a poor man abused, betrayed an
22、d distorted by his social betters because he is a poor nobody. Heathcliff is a rebel against the bourgeois matrimonial system (婚姻制度).A full human life (完美人生) in a capitalist society was impossible of attainment. As a love story, this is one of the most moving： the passion between Heathcliff and Cath
23、erine proves the most intense, the most beautiful and at the same time the most horrible passion ever to be found possible in human beings.,Relational Graph,Catherine,Hindley,Heathcliff,Edgar Linton,Isabella,Earnshaws,Cathy,Hareton,Linton,Excerpt form Wuthering Heights,Catherine Earnshaw, may you no
24、t rest as long as I am living! You said I killed youhaunt me, then! The murdered do haunt their murderers. I believeI know that ghosts have wandered on earth. Be with me alwaystake any formdrive me mad! only do not leave me in this abyss, where I cannot find you! Oh God! it is unutterable! I cannot
25、live without my life! I cannot live without my soul!,The structure of the novel,A unique structure: The story is told through independent narrators unidentical with the author, whose personality is therefore completely absent from the book.,The story is told mainly by Nelly, Catherines old nurse, to
26、 Mr. Lockwood, a temporary tenant at Grange. The latter too gives an account of what he sees at Wuthering Heights. And part of the story is told through Isabellas letters to Nelly.,More enticing and genuine.,While the central interest is maintained, the sequence of its development is constantly diso
27、rdered by flashbacks.,Emilys Writing Features,Expresse the feelings of the hero in terms of spiritual suppress, tension and conflicts and the result to which such a feeling would lead. The combination of extremely simple, austere and an adorned (修饰的) language with the most mighty and intensified (强大
28、而有力的).effects,Brief introduction of Emily Jane Bront (Chinese version) http:/ of Wuthering Heights,http:/ 1939,Year: 2009,Year: 2011,George Meredith,George Meredith, (12 February 1828 18 May 1909) was an English novelist and poet of the Victorian era.,Meredith was born in Portsmouth, England, a son
29、and grandson of naval outfitters. His mother died when he was five. At the age of 14 he was sent to a Moravian School in Neuwied, Germany, where he remained for two years. He read law and was articled as a solicitor, but abandoned that profession for journalism and poetry. He collaborated with Edwar
30、d Gryffydh Peacock, son of Thomas Love Peacock in publishing a privately circulated literary magazine, the Monthly Observer.,eorge,Early Life (1828-1845),Meredith met Edward Peacock and his beautiful sister, the widowed Mary Ellen Nicolls. Mary Ellen and George married in 1849 when he was twenty-one
31、 years old and she was twenty-eight The marriage was not a success. They were both intelligent, demanding and impatient. Meredith, though he greatly admired witty women as social companions, did not find in Mary Ellen the uncritical support that he craved. Mary Ellen, for her part, certainly needed
32、more from the marriage than a self-absorbed husband who could not even earn a living. Their one child, Arthur, was born on June 13, 1853. The Meredith marriage continued to deteriorate until, in 1858, Mary Ellen Meredith eloped with the artist Henry Wallis. Interestingly, although he never forgave M
33、ary Ellen, Meredith nevertheless seems to have understood what drove her to elopement.,Professional Beginnings and First Marriage (1846-62),He collected his early writings, first published in periodicals, into Poems, published to some acclaim in 1851. In 1856 he posed as the model for The Death of C
34、hatterton, a hugely popular painting by the English Pre-Raphaelite painter Henry Wallis 18301916. His wife ran off with Wallis in 1858; she died three years later. The collection of “sonnets“ entitled Modern Love (1862) came of this experience as did The Ordeal of Richard Feverel, his first “major n
35、ovel“.,The Death of Chatterton,He married Marie Vulliamy in 1864 and settled in Surrey. Marie Vulliamy, was as unlike Mary Ellen as possible. Marie was a practical, domestic woman who was willing to put her husbands needs and interests ahead of her own. Though by no means stupid or uneducated, she d
36、id not have the demanding intelligence and sharp wit that had characterized Peacocks daughter. They met in 1863 and were married on September 20, 1864.The marriage seems to have been very successful. Marie was a good housekeeper and a competent hostess. They had two children.,Middle Age and Second M
37、arriage (1862-1884),He continued writing novels and poetry, often inspired by nature. His writing was characterized by a fascination with imagery and indirect references. He had a keen understanding of comedy and his Essay on Comedy (1877) is still quoted in most discussions of the history of comic
38、theory. In The Egoist, published in 1879, he applies some of his theories of comedy in one of his most enduring novels. Some of his writings, including The Egoist, also highlight the subjugation of women during the Victorian period. The Egoist is the most unified, controlled and carefully structured
39、 of Merediths novels. It is pure comedy with a rich psychological component. For once his style was subordinated to and in harmony with his purpose. The Egoist earned Meredith the approval of the most influential critics. It was the beginning of a growing fame which, some would argue, eventually gre
40、w much greater than the bulk of Merediths work deserved.,Success and Old Age (1885-1909),Unfortunately, in 1885, Meredith was facing personal bereavement. Marie Meredith died of cancer on September 18, 1886. Merediths own health was not good. In addition to being increasingly crippled by locomotors
41、ataxia, he had poor digestion and gradually had to give up his physically active life. The death of his son, Arthur, in 1890 was another sorrow. After 1895 he stopped writing prose, but he continued writing poetry. His last collection of poems A Reading of Life, with Other Poems was published in 190
42、1. In 1905 he was awarded the Order of Merit. He died on May 18, 1909.,Works Essay on Comedy (1877) Novels The Shaving of Shagpat (1856) Farina (1857) The Ordeal of Richard Feverel (1859) 理查弗维莱尔的苦难 Evan Harrington (1861) Emilia in England (1864), republished as Sandra Belloni in 1887 Rhoda Fleming (
43、1865) Vittoria (1867) The Adventures of Harry Richmond (1871) Beauchamps Career (1875) The House on the Beach (1877) The Case of General Ople and Lady Camper (1877) The Tale of Chloe (1879) The Egoist (1879) 利己主义者 The Tragic Comedians (1880) Diana of the Crossways (1885) One of our Conquerors (1891)
44、 Lord Ormont and his Aminta (1894) The Amazing Marriage (1895) Celt and Saxon (1910),Poetry Poems (1851) Modern Love (1862) 现代爱情 Poems and Lyrics of the Joy of Earth (1883) The Woods of Westermain (1883) A Faith on Trial (1885) Ballads and Poems of Tragic Life (1887) A Reading of Earth (1888) The Empty Purse (1892) Odes in Contribution to the Song of French History(1898) A Reading of Life (1901) Last Poems (1909) Lucifer in Starlight,Thank you for listening !,