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1、 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常 是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了语 法结构的需要，或者是为了强调，谓语 的全部或一部分却提到主语前面，这种 语序叫做倒装。 倒装可分为: a.全部倒装 b.部分倒装 倒装 (Inversion): 、部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系 动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之 后的句子，叫部分倒装句。 Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 英语倒装句分为两种： 、整个谓语在前的句子，叫 完全倒装。 Here comes the car. Inversion(倒装句) 若有主从句，哪句倒装。 部分倒装还是完全倒装。 A
2、. 完全倒装 There be +主语 There lived an old man in the mountain. There stood an old tree front of the house There still exist some problems 1. 2. here/there/now/then + vi. +主语 out/in/up/down/away 在句首，表强调 eg: 1. Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Now comes your turn. Out went the children. 注：代词做主语时，
3、主谓语序不变代词做主语时，主谓语序不变 Here you are. Here it is. In he comes. 副词 + 动词+ 主语 副词 + 代词+ 动词 3. 句首状语为表示地点的介词词组。 eg: From the valley came a frightening sound. South of the city lies a big steel factory. 介词短语 + 谓语 + 主语 谓语通常是be , stand, sit , lie 等动词。 4. 直接引语的全部或一部分在句首时。 “Do you think my clothes fit well?” asked
4、 the emperor. “Mr smith“ said Mary,“ May I borrow your pen?“ 注意：注意： 主语是代词时，不用倒装。主语是代词时，不用倒装。 “ “Where are you going?” he askedWhere are you going?” he asked. 5. 表语置于句首。 1) 形容词+系动词+主语 2) Present at the meeting were Professor White and 3) many other guests. 2) 过去分词+系动词+主语 Gone are the days. 3) 介词短语+be
5、+主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers and toys. 6. 为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，为 了使上下文紧密衔接。 a. Inside the Pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens. b. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. B. 部分倒装 1. 用于疑问句 2. Do you understand it? 2. 用于省略if的虚拟语气条件状语从句。 Had y
6、ou received your lessons, you might have passed the exam. Were I to do the work, I should do it some other way. Should I be free tomorrow, I could go with you. 3. adj./n./v. +as 引导的让步状语从句 Try as he would, he might fail again. Pretty as she is, she is not clever. =Though she is pretty, she is not cle
7、ver. Child as he was, he had to make a living. = Though he was a child, he had to make a living. 4. So, Nor, Neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分 内容，谓语时态，形式与前句一致。 He has been to Beijing. So have I . Peter cant answer the question. Neither can I . so / nor / neither + 助动词/情态动词/ 系动词+ 主语 单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词 当前面的句子中主语、谓语或
8、肯否定形式不同时， 则用so it is with.句型来表示。 Tom likes singing, but he doesnt like dancing. So it is with Mary. Tom is clever and he studies hard. So it is with Mary. 如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则 不倒装。 “It is hot today.” “So it is.” “He finished it on time.” “So he did.” 5.用于no soonerthan; hardlywhen （只倒主句，主句一般用过去完成时
9、而从句用过去时 。）, not until （只倒主句） 句型中。 Not until the teacher came did he finish his work. No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang. Hardly had I sat when he stepped in. 6. never, hardly, seldom, scarcely(几乎不), barely, little, often, at no time, not only （只倒前面） 等词放在句首。 Little did he know who the
10、 woman was. Never shall I do this again. Not only is better education important for improving ourselves but also it is important for developing our society. 但是当连接主语时不倒装 Not only he but also I have kept the secret. 7. 用于only开头的句子；(修饰副词，介词短语或 状语从句）,主句要倒装。 Only this afternoon did I finish the novel. On
11、ly in this way can you master English. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in. 注：only 修饰主语时，不倒装. Only he can do this work. 8.sothat/ suchthat中 so+ adj./adv或 such提前到句首时，此部分用倒装语序. So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. In such a hurry did he leave t
12、hat he forget to lock the door. 9.在以often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, 等作状语的频度副 词位于句首时。 Often did I speak of him before. Many a time has he helped me with my experiment. Look at the following sentences 1. We will not be able to improve the situation until we know more.
13、- Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation. 2. Chinas then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world was among the speakers. - Among the speakers was Chinas then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the w
14、orld. 3.We wont have enough drinking water until we stop polluting our lakes and rivers. 4. Sustainable development can be possible only with international cooperation. 5. We seldom think of the small changes that we can do to make a big difference. - Not until we stop polluting our lakes and rivers
15、 will we have enough drinking water. - Only with international cooperation can sustainable development be possible. - Seldom do we think of the small changes that we can do to make a big difference. 6. We can save the earth only by changing the way we live. Only by changing the way we live can we sa
16、ve the earth. 7. The Earth Summit is not only a place to talk about problems, but also a place to find solutions for the future. Not only is the Earth Summit a place to talk about problems, but also a place to find solutions for the future. 强 化 练 习 1. _the plane. A. Down flying B. Down was flying C.
17、 Down flew D. Flew down 2. Under a big tree _, half asleep. A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man C D 3. She plays the piano very well._. A. So every one of us does B. Every one of us does C. So does every one of us D. So do every one of us 4. Never _such a wond
18、erful place as Hangzhou. A. are hanging B. had I seen C. I have seen D. have I seen C D 5. Not only _a promise, but also he kept it. A. has he made B. does he make C. he made D. did he make 6. Not until he got off the bus _that he had got his wallet stolen. A. he found B. did he find C. he had found
19、 D. had he found 7. Only in this way _progress in your English. A. you make B. can you make C. you be able to make D. will you able to make D B B 8. _and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat 9. -Where is your father? -Oh,_. A. here he
20、comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he C A 10._in which they had came to the island. A. Nearby were two canoes B. Nearby two canoes were C. Were two canoes nearby D. Two canoes nearby were 11. The door opened and there _. A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old
21、 man enter D. an old man entered A B 12. Little _ when I took the trip and _ did my brother. A. have I known; so B. had I know;neither C. do I know; so D. did I know; neither 13. Was it not _ you arrived at his house _ you discovered that he was on holiday? A.when; that B. until; did C. until; that
22、D. when; did D C 14. Many a time _ to see me while _ in hospital. A. did he come; was I B. did he come; I was C. he came; was I D. he was; I was 15 .Now and then _ up to see what happened. A. did he wake B. he wake C. he wakes D. he did wake 16. She is not fond of cooking,_ I. A. so am B. nor am C.
23、neither do I D. nor do 17. Early in the morning _ the news _ the Chinese Team defeated the Japanese Team. A comes; what B. came; that C comes; that D came; what B A B B 18. At the foot of the mountain_. A. lie a beautiful lake B. does a beautiful lake lie C. lies a beautiful lake D. do a beautiful l
24、ake lie 19. At no time _ his personal interest first. A. should a communist place B. a communist should place C. a communist place D. does a communist place C A 20. On the wall _two large portraits. A. are hanging B. hanged C. hang D. hangs 21.Not once _their plan. A. did they change B. they changed
25、 C. changed they D. they did changed 22. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _so happy! (NMET2000春季) A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt C A D 23.Little _about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.(上海1994) A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares
26、 D. he cared 24. Not only _ polluted but _ crowded. (上海1991) A. was the city;were the streets B. the city was;were the streets C. was the city;the streets were D. the city was;the streets were B C 25._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.(上海1995) A. If it is not B. Were
27、it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not 26.So _ that no fish can live in it.(上海1992) A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake is C. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow 27. Not a single song _at yesterdays party.(上 海2000) A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing C C C 28.Hardly_ when it
28、 began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive 29.Mr. Smith promised to help me and_ the next day. A. neither he did B. so he did C. neither did he D. so did he A B 30.Not until the bell rang_in. A. do they come B. came they C. did they come D. they came C 31. Onl
29、y in this way _ this Maths problem. A. you can work out B. can you work out C. you will be able to work D. will you can work out 32. My wife is a teacher, and _. A. so am I B. so I am C. also I am D. too I am 33. _, the boy knows a lot about computer. A. Though is he young B. As is he young C. Young
30、 as is he D. Young as he is . B A D 34. After that we have never seen her again, nor _ her. A. we have heard from B. have we heard from C. did we hear from D. we heard from 35. Not until yesterday evening _ the party had been put off till next Saturday. A. I knew B. didnt I know C. did I know D. I d
31、idnt know . B C 36. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it. A.did he make B. had he made C. make he D. he made A 37. Never _ such a robot. A.we have seen B. have we seen C. we saw D. we havent seen 38. _ a letter for you. A. There are B. Is here C. Here is D. Is there 39. _ a big paper-making factory by the lake. A. There stands B. Does there stand C. Standing there is D. It is standing 40. Look out! _ A. The bus come there B. There comes the bus. C. Does the bus come? D. Comes the bus there. B C A B