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1、The two graphs show the main sources of energy in the USA in the 1980s and the 1990s. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the changes which occurred.,model answer: The two graphs show that oil was the major energy source in the USA in both 1980 and 1990 and that coal, natural gas and
2、 hydroelectric power remained in much the same proportions. On the other hand, there was a dramatic rise in nuclear power, which doubled its percentage over the ten years. Oil supplied the largest percentage of energy, although the percentage decreased from 42% in 1980 to 33% in 1990. Coal in 1990 w
3、as the second largest source of energy, increasing its proportion to 27% from 22% in the previous decade. Natural gas, the second largest source in 1980 at 26%, decreased its share very slightly to provide 25% of Americas energy ten years later. There was no change in the percentage supplied by hydr
4、oelectric power which remained at 5% of the total energy used. Nuclear power the greatest change: in 1990 it was 10%, twice that of the 1980s.,The graph below shows the differences in wheat exports over three different areas. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown
5、below.,model answer: The three graphs of wheat exports each show a quite different pattern between 1985 and 1990. Exports from Australia declined over the five-year period, while the Canadian market fluctuated considerably, and the European Community showed an increase. In 1985, Australia exported a
6、bout 15 millions of tonnes of wheat and the following year the number increased by one million tonnes to 16 million. After that, however, there was a gradual decline until 1989 and 1990 when it stabilised at about 11 million tonnes. Over the same period, the amount of Canadian exports varied greatly
7、. It started at 19 million tonnes in 1985, reached a peak in 1988 of 24 million, dropped dramatically in 1989 to 14 million tonnes and then climbed back to 19 million in 1990. Seventeen million tonnes were exported from the European Community in 1985, but this decreased to 14 million tonnes in 1986
8、and then rose to 15 million in 1987 and 1988 before increasing once more to 20 million in 1990.,The flowchart illustrates the production of coloured plastic paper clips in a small factory. Write a report for a university tutor describing the production process.,There are four main stages in the prod
9、uction of plastic paper clips from this small factory. Two of these stages involve actual preparation of the clips, while the other two consist of quality control before the clips are sent out from the factory to the retailers to be sold to the public. To begin with, molten plastic is poured into th
10、ree different moulds depending on the colour required; the colours are red, blue and yellow. Once these clips emerge from the moulds a quality control machine checks them for strength. Unsatisfactory clips are rejected. In the third stage in the process the clips are stored by hand into two groups,
11、mixed and single colours. When this stage is complete the groups are checked a second time to ensure that the colour mixtures are divided correctly into single colours and mixed colour batches. Finally, the clips are packed and dispatched to the markets.,The table below give information about Favori
12、te Pastimes in different countries. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.,This table clearly presents and compares favorable pastimes in eight different countries. The pastimes, across the top of the table, are analyzed in relati
13、on to each country. As can be seen, about 60% of Canadians, Australians and Americans like watching television. On the other hand, this figure is quite low for China where only 15% of people watch television. Predictably, Americans like music at 23%, whereas only 2 to 5% of people in the other count
14、ries feel the same way. 20% of people in England enjoy sleeping as a pastime whereas in Canada and the USA, for example, the figure is only 2%. Interestingly, the Chinese like hobbies the most at 50%, as opposed to only 20% in France. It isnt surprising that the highest percentage of beach-lovers is
15、 in Australia and the USA at 30%. It seems that pastimes of people of different nationalities may be influenced by a number of factors such as the socio-economic situation or the climate. These factors influence cultural differences between different nationalities and make cross-cultural experiences
16、 more interesting.,Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.,In this analysis we will examine three pie charts. The first one is headed World Spending. The second is World Population and the third is Consumption of Resources. In the first chart we can see that
17、people spend most of their income (24%) on food. In some countries this percentage would obviously be much higher. Transport and then housing are the next major expenses at 18% and 12% respectively. Only 6% of income is spent on clothing. In the second chart entitled World Population, it is not surp
18、rising to find that 57% of people live in Asia. In fact China and India are two of the most populated countries in the world and they are both situated on this continent. Europe and the Americans account for nearly 30% of the total, whilst 10% of people live in Africa. Finally, the third chart revea
19、ls that the USA and Europe consume a huge 60% of the worlds resource.,The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and water consumption in two different countries. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.,Th
20、e graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000. Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural Purposes, and this increased dramatically from about 500 km to around 3,000 km in the year 2000. Water used in the industrial and domest
21、ic sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until mid-century. From 1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1,000 km, while domestic use rose more slowly to only 300 km, both far below the levels of consumption by agriculture. The table illustrates the differences in agric
22、ulture consumption in some areas of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil (26,500 km) with that in the D.R.C. (100 km). This means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is reflected in the figures for water consumption per person: 359 m comp
23、ared with only 8 m in the Congo. With a population of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high agriculture water consumption can be in some countries.,The graph below gives information about the preferred leisure activities of Australian children. Write a report for a university lecture
24、r describing the information shown.,The graph shows the preferred leisure sctivities of Australian children aged 5-14. As might be expected, it is clear from the data that sedentary pursuits are far more popular nowadays than active ones. Of the 10,000 children that were interviewed, all the boys an
25、d girls stated that they enjoyed watching TV or videos in their spare time. In addition, the second most popular activity, attracting 80% of boys and 60% of girls, was playing electronic or computer games. While girls rated activities such as art and craft highly just under 60% stated that they enjo
26、yed these in their spare time only 35% of boys opted for creative pastimes. Bike riding, on the other hand, was almost as popular as electronic games amongst boys and, perhaps surprisingly, almost 60% of girls said that they enjoyed this too. Skateboarding was relatively less popular amongst both bo
27、ys and girls, although it still attracted 35% of boys and 25% of girls.,The table below provide information on rental charges and salaries in three areas of London. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information shown below.,The table shows two sets of related information: the r
28、elative cost, in pounds, of renting a property with one, two or three bedrooms in three different suburbs of London and an indication of the kind of annual salary you would need to be earning to rent in these areas. Of the three areas mentioned, Notting Hill is the most expensive with weekly rents s
29、tarting at 375 (salary approximately f 100,000) and rising to 738 per week for a 3-bedroom property. To afford this, you would require a salary in the region of 200,000 per annum. Alternatively, Fulham is the cheapest area shown with rents ranging from 215 per week for a one bedroom property to 600
30、per week for a 3-bedroom property. To rent in this area, salaries need to be somewhere between 85,000 and 170,000 depending on the number of bedrooms required. For those able to pay in the middle price range for accommodation, Regents Park might be a more suitable district.,The bar chart below shows
31、 the results of a survey conducted by a personnel department at a major company. The survey was carried out on two groups of workers: those aged from 18-30 and those aged 45-60, and shows factors affecting their work performance. Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information sh
32、own below.,The bar chart indicates a survey on two different age groups on the factors contributing to make their environment pleasant for working. These factors are divided into external and internal factors. The internal factors are team spirit, competent boss, respect from colleagues and job sati
33、sfaction. The external factors are chance for personal development, job security, promotional prospects and money. On the internal factors above 50% in both age groups agreed that team spirit, competent boss and job satisfaction are essential to make their environment pleasant. Whereas on the extern
34、al factors, there are contrasting results. On the chance for personal development and promotional aspects, 80% to 90% of the younger groups were in favor while only less than 50% of the older group thought so. A similar pattern is also noted on job security. With regards to money, 69% to 70% on both
35、 age group said it is essential. In conclusion, the internal factors have similar responses from the two age groups while they had dissimilar responses on the external factors.,The graph below compares the number of visits to two new music sites on the web. Write a report for a university lecturer d
36、escribing the information shown below.,The graph shows people using new music places on the Internet in fifteen days period of time namely personal choice and trendy pop music. The overall trend shows fluctuation with slight Increased towards the end of the period. Starting with Music Choice website
37、s; 40,000 people went on this new site on first-day. Half of them backed out the next day. In Contrast to this Pop Parade net sites were visited by 120,000 music lovers on day one which decreased slightly on the next day thereafter regaining the same fame on 3rd day. After 3rd day the enthusiasm for
38、 both music lines on Internet dropped slowly- reaching maximum fall of 40,000 on 7th day. Whereas Music choice gained popularity, slightly Improving to get the original strength of 30,000 viewers on screen, but was getting still less visitors than their opponent Pop group i.e. 40,000 on day 7. In th
39、e beginning of the next week both gained remarkable recovery after a few fluctuations for 8th and 9th day having 40,000 and 50,000 visitors respectively, reaching to their peaks of one and a half thousand new viewers for Pop Parade on 11th day showing a contrast of very few people visiting Music cho
40、ice for the same day. Thereafter Music choice gained popularity on 12th day for having more than 120,000 new visitors on web. In the end of the period Pop sites were visited by maximum viewers of 180,000 whereas sites located to Music choice were not explored by more than 80,000 explorers on the las
41、t day of the report.,The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.,The table gives a breakdown of the different type of fami
42、ly who were living in poverty in Australia in 1999. On average, 11% of all households, comprising almost two million people, were in this position. However, those consisting of only one parent or a single adult had almost doubt this proportion of poor people, with 21% and 19% respectively. Couples g
43、enerally tended to be better off, with lower poverty levels for couples without children (7%) than those with children (12%). It is noticeable that for both types of household with children, a higher than average proportion were living in poverty at this time. Older people were generally less likely
44、 to be poor, though once again the trend favoured eldely couples (only 4%) rather than single eldely people (6%). Overall the table suggests that households of single adults and those with children were more likely to be living in poverty than those consisting of couples.,The take below gives inform
45、ation about the underground railway systems in six cities. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.,The table shows the details regarding the underground railway systems in six cities. London has the oldest underground railway syste
46、ms among the six cities. It was opened in the year 1863, and it is already lye years old. Paris is the second oldest, in which it was opened in the year 1900. This was then followed by the opening of the railway systems in Tokyo, Washington DC and Kyoto. Los Angeles has the newest underground railwa
47、y system, and was only opened in the year 2001. In terms of the size of the railway systems, London, For certain, has the largest underground railway systems. It has 394 kilometres of route in total, which is nearly twice as large as the system in Paris. Kyoto, in contrast, has the smallest system.
48、It only has 11 kilometres of route, which is more than 30 times less than that of London. Interestingly, Tokyo, which only has 155 kilometres of route, serves the greatest number of passengers per year, at 1927 millions passengers. The system in Paris has the second greatest number of passengers, at
49、 1191 millions passengers per year. The smallest underground railway system, Kyoto, serves the smallest number of passengers per year as predicted. In conclusion, the underground railway systems in different cities vary a lot in the site of the system, the number of passengers served per year and in the age of the system.,The charts below show the percentage of their food budget the average family spent on restaurant meals in different years. The graph shows the number of meals eaten in fast food restaurants and sit-down restaurants.,Over the p