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1、 DNARNADNADNARNARNARNADNA2-RNADNAcAMPcGMPDNA1953WatsonCrickDNAChargaffDNAA=TGCDNAX-DNA3,5-Watson-CrickDNA2nm0.34nm3610A=TGCDNADNABDNAAZABDNADNAH -DNARNARNAtRNALmRNADNARNA2-3-DNA260nm260nm280nmA260TmDNAG+CTmGCATGCDNAATDNAxG+C =Tm - 69.3 2.44DNATmG+CG+CTmDNADNADNARNARNADNADNADNADNADNANADNADNADNADNADNA
2、DNA8H2AH2BH3H4DNA146bp ()1(mononucleotide)2phosphodiester bonds3dissymmetry ratio4(complementary base pairing)5anticodon6cistron7denaturationrenaturation8annealing9hyper chromic effect10hypo chromic effect11phage12hairpin structure13DNAmelting temperature Tm14molecular hybridization15(cyclic nucleot
3、ide)1DNA¬¬¬_2_3_4DNA_RNA_5_6_7C-C_8DNA_RNA_9DNA_RNA_10DNA_113H_DNARNA12BDNA_13DNAG-C_Tm_14_ _15_RNA_RNA16DNA_17DNA_ _ _ _ _18_ _ _nm19DNApH2pH12OD260_DNAOD260_20DNA_21DNA_DNA_mol/LNaCI22mRNA_RNA_23DNA _24DNA_DNA_25mRNA_3_26_-OH27mRNA_28.DNADNA_DNA_1ATPAR-A-P-P-P BA-R-P-P-P CP-A-R-P-P DP-
4、R-A-P-P2hnRNARNAAtRNA BrRNA CmRNA DSnRNA3tRNAACXCCA3 BTCCDHU D E4Watson-CrickDNA:A25400 B2540 C29411 D2941 E35055A23- B 24-C25- D 34- E35-6TAGApAAGATp BATCTp CTCTAp DUAUAp7ADNA BDNA CtRNA D mRNA8mRNAAm7APPPNmPNmP B m7GPPPNmPNmPCm7UPPPNmPNmP Dm7CPPPNmPNmP E m7TPPPNmPNmP9 9 DNAA260nm BC D10DNATmAA+G B
5、C+T CA+T DG+C EA+C11GAACAU BUGC CCGU DUAC E12mRNAm7GA2-5 B3-5 C3-3 D5-5 E3-313pH3.5AAMP BGMP CCMP DUMP14AcAMPcGMPB cAMPcGMPCcAMPDcAMP15DNAAH1H2 H3H4 BH1AH1BH2BH2ACH2AH2BH3AH3B DH2AH2BH3H4EH2AH2BH4AH4B 1DNARNA 23 3DNA 4pH 5DNA 6tRNA 7DNATmATATTm 8mRNA5A 9DNATmA+T/G+C 10B-DNADNAAZ 11DNATm20 1223- 13DN
6、A 14mRNARNA 15tRNAtRNA 16DNAOD260/OD2801.8RNA 17 18ABAOD260/OD280BOD260/OD280AB 19DNA 20mRNA3-OH1?DNARNA21T7DNA2.510¬7DNA6502130106DNA388tRNA4C10459.6mRNA1203DNAA+G/T+C= 0.71A+G/T+C= 2DNAA+G/T+C= 3A+ T/G +C= 0.7A+ T/G +C= 4DNAA+ T/G +C= 4DNATm5pH7.00.165mol/L NaClDNATm89.36 6 DNA12Tm2DNA78DNA9DN
7、A10tRNA111mol/LKOHDNARNA12DNARNA13pH7.01.0cm260nmAAMPA260 = 15400GMPA260 = 11700CMPA260 = 7500UMPA260 = 9900dTMPA260 = 9200132mol/L AMP247.5mol/L CMP36.0mol/L UMP448mol/L AMP32mol/L UMPA260(5) A260 = 0.325GMP(/pH7.0)(6) A260 = 0.090dTMP(/pH7.0)141014DNA6.4109DNA-2.210915 15pH2.5pH3.5pH6pH8pH11.41pH2
8、pH3pH1. (mononucleotide)2. phosphodiester bonds3. dissymmetry ratioA+T/G+C4. (complementary base pairing)GCCGATTA5. anticodontRNAmRNA6. cistron:7. denaturationrenaturationDNADNADNADNA8. annealingDNA9. hyper chromic effectDNA260nm10. hypo chromic effectDNA260nmDNA260nm35%40%, 11. phage12. hairpin str
9、uctureRNARNA13. DNATmDNATm14. molecular hybridizationDN*DN*RN*15. (cyclic nucleotide)3-OH5-OH1. Watson-Crick; 19532. 3. 24. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 3.4nm103613. 14. 15. mRNAtRNA16. 17. 18. 26019. 20. 21. 122. 5%DNA23. DNADNA24. 25. LCCA26. cAMPcGMP3527. m7GpolyAm7GpolyAmRNA28. 1BATP-A-R-P-P-P2ChnRNARNAmRNA3EtRNAmRNA