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1、凸轮联动机构之可爱的小猪目录：一、机构简介2二、原始设计及设计要求、难点2四、制作思路3五、设计步骤3六、设计心得、总结与问题30七、参考文献32小“猪”成员： 一、机构简介凸轮机构的应用，在各种机械，特别是自动机和自动控制装置中，广泛采用着各种形式的凸轮机构。如内燃机的配汽缸，自动机床的的进刀机构等等。 凸轮机构最大的优点是只要适当地设计出凸轮的轮廓曲线就可以使推杆得到各种预期的运动规律，而且快速响应，机构简单紧凑。正因如此，凸轮机构不可能被数控和电控完全代替。 设计的凸轮画猪机构时用EXCEL设计两个滚子直动从动件判断凸轮机构的凸轮轮廓线，本小组选择以1为步长设计凸轮变量，设计好了轮廓线再
2、导入WORKING MODEL 2D 仿真软件，即可生成横向纵向凸轮，在完成凸轮连接结构。画出轨迹图。二、原始设计及设计要求、难点1.用CAD画出猪的大体图样，如图所示： 2.设计要求、难点： 要求设计的机构能不断笔的画出猪的的图样，启动与停顿时冲击小，较精准的画出图示的机构的具体尺寸。 制作的困难在于把目标轨迹的横向与纵向很好地、精确地结合在一起，除此之外，目标曲线的制作也是一个挑战。三、凸轮设计方案比较与选择方案一：尖顶凸轮结构两对心直动尖顶推杆盘形凸轮画猪机构虽然结构简单，但是易磨损，并且启动与停顿时冲击大。且在working model软件上，难以按所要求的正确运转。方案二：滚子凸轮及
3、连杆组合机构由于滚子与凸轮之间为滚动摩擦，所以磨损较小，故可以用来传递较大的力，传递精度也较高，但是容易产生较大的积累误差同时使机械效率降低综上比较，并结合working model 的实际情况考虑，本组实验项目采用方案二的凸轮基本机构设计。四、制作思路1. 在CAD上画出目标轨迹的方案简图2. 根据所要画的内容设计两个驱动凸轮3. 用workingmodel2D仿真软件设计出机构4. 调试机构，进行修改，完成小猪的制作五、设计步骤1. 用CAD画出猪的大体结构并标注数据，如图 横向凸轮数据纵向凸轮数据2. 根据数据得到凸轮推杆位移与凸轮转角关系 初始可分为39段，每段约9，即每转9画出一段，
4、且横纵坐标与曲线对应相增减，将下图中的时间周期转化为相应的角度便可得到位移与角度的关系3. 根据所画的图，设定数据，做出推杆函数方程，用EXCEL表示出来。设计两个凸轮，一个凸轮控制水平方向，另外一个凸轮控制竖直方向下面是纵向凸轮部分的函数方程：将方程式放入excel表中进行凸轮轮廓设计EXCEL 设计过程：1.定义常数和变量2.插入-名称-定义3.变量时凸轮转角，以1度为步长4.用EXCEL公式求出凸轮理论廓线的坐标，然后求出一系列的向径REXCEL设计表格：纵向凸轮设计/()s/mmr0/mmx1/mY1/mR1/m0050000.50.512.1111115000.0087630.502
5、0350.50211124.2222225000.0175970.5039150.50422236.3333335000.0264990.5056390.50633348.4444445000.0354670.5072060.508444510.555565000.0444980.5086130.510556612.666675000.0535880.5098580.512667714.777785000.0627360.5109410.514778816.888895000.0719370.5118590.5168899195000.0811890.512610.5191020.777785
6、000.0904320.5128660.5207781122.555565000.0997080.5129550.5225561224.333335000.1090150.5128750.5243331326.111115000.1183490.5126270.5261111427.888895000.1277080.5122080.5278891529.666675000.1370880.5116190.5296671631.444445000.1464860.5108570.5314441733.222225000.1558990.5099230.53322218355000.165324
7、0.5088150.5351936.777785000.1747580.5075330.5367782038.555565000.1841970.5060770.5385562140.333335000.1936380.5044450.5403332242.111115000.2030780.5026370.5421112343.888895000.2125140.5006520.5438892445.666675000.2219430.4984910.5456672547.444445000.231360.4961530.5474442649.222225000.2407630.493638
8、0.54922227515000.2501490.4909450.55128515000.2586790.4865040.55129515000.267130.4819150.55130515000.27550.477180.55131515000.2837860.4722990.55132515000.2919860.4672750.55133515000.3000960.4621070.55134515000.3081150.45680.55135515000.3160410.4513530.55136515000.323870.4457680.5513751.888895000.3321
9、350.4407580.5518893852.777785000.3403240.4355950.5527783953.666675000.3484340.430280.5536674054.555565000.3564610.4248140.5545564155.444445000.3644040.4191990.5554444256.333335000.372260.4134360.5563334357.222225000.3800250.4075270.5572224458.111115000.3876970.4014720.55811145595000.3952730.3952730.
10、55946595000.4021110.3883140.55947595000.4088270.3812370.55948595000.4154180.3740440.55949595000.4218830.3667370.55950595000.4282190.3593180.55951595000.4344250.351790.55952595000.4404980.3441550.55953595000.4464370.3364150.55954595000.452240.3285720.55955595000.4579060.3206290.55956595000.4634320.31
11、25890.55957595000.4688170.3044530.5595859.888895000.4748130.2966960.5598895960.777785000.480680.2888220.5607786061.666675000.4864180.2808330.5616676162.555565000.4920220.2727320.5625566263.444445000.4974920.2645210.5634446364.333335000.5028250.2562020.5643336465.222225000.5080180.2477770.5652226566.
12、111115000.5130710.2392490.56611166675000.517980.230620.56767675000.5219260.2215450.56768675000.5257130.2124020.56769675000.529340.2031950.56770675000.5328060.1939250.56771675000.5361090.1845970.56772675000.5392490.1752130.56773675000.5422250.1657750.56774675000.5450350.1562860.56775675000.547680.146
13、750.5677669.777785000.5528530.1378420.5697787772.555565000.5578810.1287970.5725567875.333335000.5627610.1196190.5753337978.111115000.567490.1103090.5781118080.888895000.5720640.100870.5808898183.666675000.5764810.0913060.5836678286.444445000.5807370.0816170.5864448389.222225000.584830.0718080.589222
14、84925000.5887570.0618810.5928591.555565000.5893050.0515570.5915568691.111115000.5896710.0412340.5911118790.666675000.5898570.0309130.5906678890.222225000.5898630.0205980.5902228989.777785000.5896880.0102930.5897789089.333335000.5893333.61E-170.5893339188.888895000.588799-0.010280.5888899288.44444500
15、0.588086-0.020540.58844493885000.587194-0.030770.5889487.46415000.586033-0.040980.58746495865000.58377-0.051070.58696845000.580801-0.061040.58497825000.577662-0.070930.5829880.53595000.574886-0.080790.58053699805000.572859-0.090730.5810080.53595000.571716-0.100810.580536101825000.571307-0.111050.582
16、102845000.571238-0.121420.584103865000.570981-0.131820.58610487.46415000.570014-0.142120.587464105885000.567964-0.152190.58810689.333335000.566504-0.162440.58933310790.666675000.564857-0.172690.590667108925000.563025-0.182940.592109935000.560693-0.193060.593110945000.558177-0.203160.594111955000.555
17、48-0.213230.595112965000.552602-0.223270.596113975000.549541-0.233270.597114985000.5463-0.243230.598115995000.542878-0.253150.5991161005000.539276-0.263020.61171015000.535495-0.272850.6011181035000.532417-0.283090.6031191055000.529145-0.293310.6051201075000.525677-0.30350.6071211095000.522015-0.3136
18、60.6091221115000.518157-0.323780.6111231135000.514105-0.333860.6131241155000.509858-0.34390.6151251175000.505417-0.35390.6171261195000.500782-0.363840.619127117.11115000.492847-0.371390.617111128115.22225000.484802-0.378770.615222129113.33335000.47665-0.385980.613333130111.44445000.468394-0.393030.6
19、11444131109.55565000.460037-0.39990.609556132107.66675000.451584-0.406610.607667133105.77785000.443038-0.413140.605778134103.88895000.434401-0.41950.6038891351025000.425678-0.425680.6021361045000.419574-0.434480.6041371065000.413291-0.44320.6061381085000.406831-0.451830.6081391105000.400196-0.460370
20、.611401125000.393386-0.468820.6121411145000.386403-0.477170.6141421165000.379247-0.485410.6161431185000.371922-0.493560.6181441205000.364427-0.501590.62145117.55565000.354215-0.505870.617556146115.11115000.343966-0.509950.615111147112.66675000.333682-0.513830.612667148110.22225000.323369-0.51750.610
21、222149107.77785000.313029-0.520970.607778150105.33335000.302667-0.524230.605333151102.88895000.292286-0.52730.602889152100.44445000.281892-0.530160.600444153985000.271486-0.532820.59815497.333335000.261854-0.536880.59733315596.666675000.252162-0.540760.596667156965000.242415-0.544470.59615796.210535
22、000.232958-0.548810.59621115896.421055000.223423-0.552990.59642115996.631585000.213814-0.5570.59663216096.842115000.204132-0.560850.59684216197.052635000.194381-0.564520.59705316297.263165000.184564-0.568030.59726316397.473685000.174684-0.571370.59747416497.684215000.164744-0.574530.59768416597.8947
23、45000.154747-0.577520.59789516698.105265000.144695-0.580340.59810516798.315795000.134592-0.582980.59831616898.526325000.124441-0.585450.59852616998.736845000.114244-0.587740.59873717098.947375000.104006-0.589850.59894717199.157895000.093729-0.591780.59915817299.368425000.083416-0.593540.59936817399.
24、578955000.07307-0.595110.59957917499.789475000.062695-0.59650.5997891751005000.052293-0.597720.6176100.21055000.041869-0.598750.600211177100.42115000.031424-0.59960.600421178100.63165000.020962-0.600270.600632179100.84215000.010486-0.600750.600842180101.05265007.36E-17-0.601050.601053181101.2632500-
25、0.01049-0.601170.601263182101.4737500-0.02099-0.601110.601474183101.6842500-0.03149-0.600860.601684184101.8947500-0.04199-0.600430.601895185102.1053500-0.05248-0.599810.602105186102.3158500-0.06296-0.599020.602316187102.5263500-0.07343-0.598040.602526188102.7368500-0.08388-0.596870.602737189102.9474
26、500-0.09432-0.595520.602947190103.1579500-0.10474-0.593990.603158191103.3684500-0.11513-0.592280.603368192103.5789500-0.12549-0.590390.603579193103.7895500-0.13582-0.588310.603789194104500-0.14612-0.586060.604195103.8225500-0.15628-0.583250.603822196103.2899500-0.16629-0.579920.60329197102.4024500-0
27、.17613-0.576080.602402198101.1598500-0.18577-0.571740.6011619999.56213500-0.1952-0.56690.59956220097.60947500-0.20439-0.561570.59760920195.30178500-0.21334-0.555760.59530220292.63905500-0.22201-0.549490.59263920389.6213500-0.23038-0.542750.58962120486.24852500-0.23845-0.535560.58624920582.52071500-0
28、.24618-0.527940.58252120678.43787500-0.25357-0.51990.57843820774500-0.26059-0.511440.57420873.2500-0.2691-0.506110.573220972.61436500-0.27761-0.500820.57261421072.4500-0.2862-0.495710.572421172.61436500-0.29492-0.490830.57261421273.2500-0.30375-0.48610.573221374500-0.31262-0.48140.57421474.8500-0.32
29、142-0.476530.574821575.38564500-0.33003-0.471330.57538621675.6500-0.33833-0.465670.575621775.38564500-0.34628-0.459520.57538621874.8500-0.35388-0.452950.574821974500-0.36123-0.446080.57422073.88889500-0.36889-0.439620.57388922173.77778500-0.37643-0.433040.57377822273.66667500-0.38386-0.426320.573667
30、22373.55556500-0.39116-0.419470.57355622473.44444500-0.39835-0.41250.57344422573.33333500-0.40541-0.405410.57333322673.22222500-0.41234-0.398190.57322222773.11111500-0.41915-0.390860.57311122873500-0.42582-0.383410.57322973.22222500-0.43262-0.376070.57322223073.44444500-0.43928-0.36860.57344423173.6
31、6667500-0.44582-0.361020.57366723273.88889500-0.45223-0.353320.57388923374.11111500-0.45851-0.345510.57411123474.33333500-0.46465-0.337580.57433323574.55556500-0.47065-0.329550.57455623674.77778500-0.47651-0.321410.57477823775500-0.48224-0.313170.57523874.33333500-0.48706-0.304350.57433323973.666675
32、00-0.49173-0.295460.57366724073500-0.49623-0.28650.57324173.33333500-0.50145-0.277960.57333324273.66667500-0.50652-0.269320.57366724374500-0.51144-0.260590.57424471500-0.51321-0.250310.57124568500-0.51478-0.240050.56824665500-0.51615-0.229810.56524762500-0.51732-0.219590.56224859500-0.5183-0.209410.
33、55924956500-0.51907-0.199250.55625053500-0.51965-0.189140.55325150500-0.52004-0.179060.5525247500-0.52023-0.169030.54725344500-0.52023-0.159050.54425441500-0.52004-0.149120.54125538500-0.51967-0.139240.53825635500-0.51911-0.129430.53525732500-0.51836-0.119670.53225829500-0.51744-0.109990.52925926.66
34、667500-0.51699-0.100490.52666726024.33333500-0.51637-0.091050.52433326122500-0.51557-0.081660.52226219.66667500-0.51461-0.072320.51966726317.33333500-0.51348-0.063050.51733326415500-0.51218-0.053830.51526512.66667500-0.51072-0.044680.51266726610.33333500-0.50909-0.03560.5103332678500-0.5073-0.026590
35、.5082689.666667500-0.50936-0.017790.50966726911.33333500-0.51126-0.008920.51133327013500-0.513-9.4E-170.51327114.66667500-0.514590.0089820.51466727216.33333500-0.516020.018020.51633327318500-0.517290.027110.51827419.66667500-0.51840.036250.51966727521.33333500-0.519350.0454370.52133327623500-0.52013
36、0.0546680.52327721500-0.517120.0634940.52127819500-0.513950.0722310.51927917500-0.510630.0808770.51728015500-0.507180.0894290.51528113500-0.503570.0978850.51328211500-0.499830.1062430.5112839500-0.495950.11450.5092847500-0.491940.1226540.5072855500-0.487790.1307040.5052867500-0.487360.1397480.507287
37、9500-0.486760.1488170.50928811500-0.485990.1579080.51128913500-0.485050.1670160.51329015500-0.483940.176140.51529117500-0.482660.1852760.51729219500-0.481210.1944210.51929321500-0.479580.2035710.52129423500-0.477780.2127230.52329522.88462500-0.473890.2209810.52288529622.76923500-0.469860.2291670.52276929722.65385500-0.465690.237280.52265429822.53846500-0.461370.2453170.52253829922.42308500-0.456920.2532760.5