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1、(immunity)(innate immune response)(adaptive immune response)(immunologic defence)(immunologic homeostasis)(immunologic surveillance)MALT(mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue) (Antibody) B AgFab(Fragment antigen binding)FabVHCH1Fc(fragment crytallizable)IgGCH2CH34. (ImmunoglobulinIg)hypervariable regio
2、n HVRIgVLVHVIg(N)L1/2H1/4(Monoclonal antibody mAb)BADCC(Antibody Cdependent cell-mediatedcytotoxicity)FcFcNKADCCOpsonizationIgGIgG1IgG3FcIgG FcJjoining chainJIgsecretory pieceIgAIgAIgIg domainIg110IgIg foldingCDR(complementary-determining region)VHVLIgcomplement30(classical pathway)C1C4C2C3C5C9(alte
3、rnative pathway)C1C4C2BDPC3bMBLMBL pathway(MBL)CMBLMASPMASPC4C2MACmembrane attack complexC5b C9cytokineCK CK (interferonIFN) IFN- IFN-IFN- IFN- IFN- I ;IFN- T NK II (tumor necrosis factorTNF)TNF-TNF-/TTNF (colony stimulating factorCSF)T/CSF(G-CSF)(M-CSF)-(GM-CSF)(SCF)(chemokine)CXCCCCgrowth factorGF
4、autocrine actionparacrine action(major histocompatibility antigen) (major histocompatibility complexMHC)HLA I (HLA class antigen)()(4400ODa)6HLA I(2m12000Da)15HLA I (Ig )HLA IHLA IHLA(HLA class antigen) 3400ODa () 2900ODa ()HLA 6HLA HLA (Ig )BTHLA (HLA haplotype)HLAPolygenicMHCPolymorphism(linkage d
5、isequilibrium)HaplotypeMHCHLAHLA gene complex6HLAHLA(human leukocyte antigen)6HLAHLAgenotypeHLAHLAphenotypeHLAleukocyte differentiation antigen(cluster of differentiationCD)cell adhesion moleculesCAM(immunoglobulin superfamilyIgSF)TBCD3MHC2FcRIL-1M-CSFCDCD4CD8CD28CD54lymphocyte hominglymphocyte homi
6、ng receptorLHRL-selectin CLA LFA-1 VLA-4 CD44 47(nonspecific immunity)innate immunity(specific immunity)adaptive or acquired immunitynatural killer cell NK CD56CD16NK ADCC (antigen presenting cellAPC) B(mononuclear phagocyte systemMPS)Mmembranous cell/microfold cellMTTCR-CD3TTreative oxygen intermed
7、iatesROIsNADHNADPHreative nitrogen intermediatesRNIsL-T(T cell receptorTCR) T-MHC CD3TTTCRTTCRTc(cytotoxic T lymphocyte) T CD8MHC I()NK1.1T(NK1.1T cell)NKR.P1C(NK1.1)TCR-CD3TCD4-CD8-TTCRTCRCD1Tnaive T cellTnCD45RATTCRT(memory T cellTm)TCRTCD45ROBB cell receptorBCR) B(mIg) BCRIgIg B BmIgMmIgDB1(B1 ly
8、mphocyte) CD5+B mIgMmIgD; T; TI IgMB2(B2 lymphocyte) CD5-B mIgMmIgD; T; TD IgGIgM(plasma cell or antibody forming cell) B IL-2456Igimmunoglobulin class switchBIgIgIgMIgGIgAIgEIgallelic exclusionBrecombination signal sequences1223hemopoietic stem cellcommitted stem cellantigenTCR/BCRhaptenantigen determinantepitopeTCRBCRthymus dependent antigenTD-AgThTBTD-Agthymus independent antigenTI-AgThBBBxenogenic antigenallogenic antigenheterophilic antigensuperantigenSAgT