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1、诊 断 定 语 从 句 方 锦 安,1.他是一个学生。他学习很努力。 2.他是一个学生，并且他学习很努力。 3. 他是一个学习很努力的学生。 4.他有两个儿子，都是老师。 He has two sons, _ are teachers. A. A.both of them B. both of whom 5.他成功了， 这对其他人是一个鼓舞。 He succeeded, and _ was a big insparation for others. He succeeded, _ was a big insparation for others.,who,B,it,which,He is a
2、student. He studies hard.,He is a student, and he studies hard.,He is a student _ studies hard.,定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的句子.,He is a student who studies hard.,a student,who studies hard.,关系词的作用：1）连接主从句 2）指代先行词 3） 在从句中作成分,先行词,定语从句,关系词,先行词：被修饰词,_ 套主谓结构,两,使用定语从句的几个误区（一）,在从句中误加与关系代词同义的人称代词，这是不对的。,eg: 我们昨晚看的电影
3、很精彩。,The film we saw it last night was wonderful.,正：The film we saw last night was wonderful.,改正,Whos the man you just talked to him? The book you lent it me yesterday was very interesting. He is the man whose his wife died last year.,Whos the man you just talked to?,The book you lent me yesterday w
4、as very interesting.,He is the man whose wife died last year.,使用定语从句的几个误区（二）,在使用定语从句时，有个经常犯的错误就是分不清是定语从句的句子成分。请看下面的题目：,Is this room _ he lived in last year? Is this the room _ he lived in last year? A. that, that B. the one, the one C. that, the one D. the one, that,D,使用定语从句的几个误区（三）,有的同学一看到先行词是表示时间、
5、地点、原因的名词，就认为一定要用关系副词，其实也不一定。在此情况下，还要看关系词在定语从句中是用作什么成分，若是用作状语，则用关系副词，若不是用作状语(如用作主语、宾语等)则不能用关系副词，而用关系代词。,This is the factory _ I want to work.这就是我想工作的工厂。 This is the factory _ I want to visit.这就是我想参观的工厂。 The reason _he cant come is that he is ill.他没来的是因为他病了。 The reason _ he put forth is very important
6、.他提出的理由很重要。,where,that,why,that,使用定语从句的几个误区（四）,1.误认为关系代词whose只用于修饰人,whose用作疑问代词时，主要用于指人；但用作关系代词时，它既可指人也可指物。,The factory, whose workers are all women, is closed during the holidays.这家工厂工人都是妇女，在假期中工厂关门了。,whose既可指人也可指物， 指物时 whose + 词 = of which + the + 名词 / the +名词 + of which.,The plastic bottle， / / i
7、s cut off， can be used as a container to grow plants in.,whose top,of which the top,the top of which,2.混淆定语从句与并列句,(1) He has two children, and both of _ are abroad. A. them B. which C. whom D. who (2) He has two children, both of _ are abroad. A. them B. which C. whom D. who,A,C,3.误认为逗号后一定是非限制性定语从句,
8、(1) If a book is in English, _ means slow progress for you. A. as B. which C. what D. that (2) When I say two hours, _ includes time for eating. A. this B. which C. what D. that,D,D,使用定语从句的几个误区（四）,4.名词/代词 / 数词 + of which / whom. 与独主结构的区别。,The boys discovered many pictures on the walls of the cave，_
9、15，000 years ago.,most of which dated back to,most of them dating back to,定语从句,独主结构,“介词+关系代词” 的选择,1.根据与定语从句中动词的搭配来确定介词。,Water is the natural medium _fish live.水是鱼类赖以生存的自然环境。,in which,注意搭配live in,This is a subject _we might argue for a long while.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。,about which,注意搭配argue about,2.根据与定语从
10、句中形容词的搭配来确定介词。,Physics is the subject in our school _ every student is interested.历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。,in which,注意搭配be interested in,He referred me to some reference books _ I am not very familiar.他我要去参考一些我不熟悉的参考书。,with which,注意搭配be familiar with,3.根据与先行词的搭配来确定介词。,This is our classroom, _there is a
11、teachers desk.这是我们的教室，前面有老师的讲台。,in the front of which,注意搭配in the front of our classroom,Ill never forget the day _she said goodbye to me.我永远不会忘记她与我们告别的那一天。,on which,注意搭配on the day,4.根据句意来确定介词的使用。,This is the book _I got the story.这就是那本书，从中我读到这个故事。,from which,由于句意含有“从”的意思，所以用介词from,This I did at nine
12、 oclock, _I sat reading the paper.九点钟时我做这事，之后我坐着看报。,after which,由于句意含有“在之后”的意思，所以用介词after,My glasses, _ which I was like a blind man，fell to the ground and broken. He is a person with great experience, _ whom we can learn much. I found a knife _ which I cut the cake.,without,from,with,1. (09全国II) My
13、 friend showed me round the town, _ was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 2. (2009安徽卷)Many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village Atheir Bwhose Cof them Dwith whom 3. (2009北京卷)What do you think of teaching, Bob? I find it fun and challe
14、nging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. where B. Which C. When D. that,A,B,A,4. (09辽宁卷)Theyve won their last three matches, _ I find a bit surprising actually. _ A. that B. when C. what D. which 5. (09全国I)She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before
15、. them B. who C. whom D. these 6. (09全国II) My friend showed me round the town, _ was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it,D,C,A,在下列定语从句中，填入适当的介词。,1. The pencil _ which he wrote was broken. 2. He built a telescope _ which he could study the skies. 3. The woman, _ whom I learned the news,
16、 is a nurse. 4. The wolf _ which the sheep was killed was shot. 5. She has three children, all _ whom are at school. 6. There is a tall tree outside, _ which stands our teacher. 7. In the dark street, there wasnt a person _ whom she could turn for help. 8. I was surprised at the way _ which he treat
17、ed the old man. 9. The age _ which children can go to school is seven. 10. He bought a book yesterday, the author _ which is a teacher.,with,through,from,by,of,under,to,in,at,of,Quiz,完成句子： 1This is the best book _（我一直寻找的） all this year.(look) October 1,1949 is the day_(我们不会忘记的一天)（forget） Is this mus
18、eum _(他们参观的博物馆)last month? （visit） Can you lend me the novel _ （你说到）the other day? （ talk） The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, _(我们认为这对。很有帮助) for knowing space.(help) This is the student_(作文) won the first prize.(composition) My glasses, _(没有它)I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.(with),That I have been looking for,which I will never forget,you talked about,Which we think are of much help,Whose composition,Without which,The one they visited,