20192011届高考英语第一轮骨干教师培训课件1.ppt

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1、Teaching Design of Vocabulary&Grammar -Unit5 Module9,永安一中 吴冰,高考英语对考生词汇量的要求从以前的2000提高到现在的3000多个单词和400500个习惯用语或固定搭配,这对考生来说是一个极大的挑战。高考英语分值占最大比例的完形填空和阅读理解, 涉及语篇、段落、句子、词汇四个层次的理解问题,其中最根本的是对词汇的理解。词汇是构成语言的基本元素,而语法则是构成语言的规则。理解词法和句法结构是阅读理解的关键。因此,夯实基础,过好词汇关和语法关是取得好成绩的先决条件。,一教学背景分析,第一部分:词 汇,2010年普通高校招生全国统一考试福建省

2、考试说明(英语)经调整后,共收七级词汇约2500个;八级词汇650个,以及数词,月份,星期,主要国家名称及相关信息等词汇,共计约3500个单词。由于考试说明对课程标准附录的词汇表中的七,八级词汇进行了调整,试题的考查点控制在经过调整后的七级词汇中未标*号的词汇及调整后的八级词汇中带*号的词汇。七级词汇中标*号的单词和调整后的八级词汇(不包括带* 号的单词)只要求理解。,这些词汇大部分在模块1-8中学习过,从模块九开始每个单元都出现大量复现词, 帮助学生复习已学过的词汇,此外是生词。这些生词中只有小部分属于考纲词汇。因此,在进行模块九的词汇教学时,不分重点对每个词语都深挖细抠一番是不必要的,我们

3、应该引导学生认识到并不是所有的词都同等重要,要对词汇进行分层处理:,2对于考纲中只要求理解的词汇和一些非考纲词汇,教师可以根据学生的情况,以及对词汇功用的把握,区分对待,如果认为某些词汇比较重要,学生又学有余力,可以提高要求。,1选择考纲重点词汇进行详细的讲解或复习整理,使学生了解怎么使用它们,加强教学和复习的有效性和目的性;,二. 教材分析: 本单元的中心话题是广告。语言技能和语言知识都是依据这一中心话题设计的。词汇共计60个(包括四个词组),包括一些有关广告的重要词汇。教材词汇表中把词汇分为生词和复现词。我们可以参照考纲进行更细致的分类:黑体画线词为考纲要求掌握的四会词 ; 斜体词为考纲中

4、只要求理解的词 。,具体考点如下:,除了考纲要求掌握的22个四会词,两个词组和12个只要求理解的词以外,其余的词就是非考纲词,从这两年我省的高考英语试题来看,这些非考纲词-主要是与考纲词即七级或八级词汇相关的派生词也常常出现在试题尤其是阅读题中。因此如果学生可以接受,这些词最好也按需要列为要求掌握或理解的词汇。,Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers desire to go green. However, shoppers are still l

5、aying stress on environmental concerns.,如今年福建卷的阅读C篇中多次出现了非考纲词consumer :,本单元词汇可作如下分类:,122个考纲要求掌握的四会词和两个词组: corporation;sheet;spokesman;litre; tobacco; inform;association;basis; broadcast; rely; murder; suitcase; actress; typist; fluent; hostess; invitation; raise; chairman; dial; operator; ban; turni

6、nto;rely on,212个考纲只要求理解的词和两个词组: worthy; expense;mature;alcoholic; promote;casual; target; technique; budget; visual; refresh;appoint; fit in(to);have no use for,319个第二类词汇和其余词汇中常用的书面表达高级词汇(建议补充掌握): advertiser;feature; conscience;expense; generate; response;partly; fashion; dishonest;promote; immoral;

7、 consumer;worthy; trustworthy;casual;refresh; misleading; fit in(to); have no use for,4其余10个非考纲词汇 (可要求理解或放弃): billboard;advert; garment; lane; decent; ethics; ethical; stereo; beware; offending;,三. 教法分析,1坚持语篇教学原则,先对课文进行整体处理,鼓励学生采用发现探究的方式,去主动学习词汇,给学生创造自主学习的空间。之后再对新的词汇进行集中的学习和处理。对于那些不会影响到学生对文章的理解的生词,不

8、必重点处理;对于某些可以根据上下文或其他线索理解或猜测其意义的生词,学生可以自己学。教师的任务是教给学生猜测词义的方法并设计相应的活动来检查学生的理解情况(特别注意一些旧词新意的情况),帮助学生通过提高词汇学习能力来提高阅读技巧和应试能力。,eg. 10福建卷阅读C篇Para.2 Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say t

9、hat they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy. 65The underlined word “inform” in Paragraph 2 probably means“ ”. Aaffect Bchange Cdisturb Dreject,【解析】词义猜测题。由本段中“while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they

10、 buy”可知,现在三分之二的顾客在购物时对环境的 考虑比一年前程度加深了。因此A项符合句子意思。,2引导学生及时地对单词进行整理和归纳。可以把刚学的生词和以前学过的单词按照读音规则、构词规律、习惯用法、语法特点,以及同义词、反义词等各种方式联系起来。从不同的角度进行整理、归纳和总结相互联系的词汇系统,逐步培养学生自己的词汇归纳和梳理能力。,3让学生进行组块记忆词汇并造句,为语言运用如口头交际或书面表达打好基础。词块是真实交际中高频率出现的语言现象,形式相对稳定。一般来说,词块包括习语、词语搭配、短语等等。这些词块有完整的意义,可以直接运用于口笔头交际。,如本单元的一些重点词汇的派生词、同反义

11、词及词块组合等:,1)inform (vt.)通知;告诉;熟悉;(对有影响) inform sb. of / about sth. 通知某人某事 inform oneself of / about sth. 使自己了解 / 熟悉某事 informed (adj.)见闻广的;了解情况的 -be well-informed about sth 对精通 information (n.)消息;情报;见闻 informative (adj.)报告消息的;提供情报的,2)basis (n.)基础;根据 on the basis of以为基础;根据 base (n.)根基;基础;基座 basic (adj.

12、)基础的;根本的 3)rely on / upon依赖/信赖 (depend on/upon) rely on/upon sb. / sth to do sth. / doing sth 依靠某人/ 某物做某事 reliable (adj.)可靠的;可信赖的;确实的,4)ban(n.)禁令 (vt.)禁止;取缔(cf.forbid) a ban on sth.对某事的禁令 ban sb. from (doing) sth.禁止某人做某事 5)turn into 把变成;把译成; 进入;把车开进 turn the frog into a handsome prince turn English

13、into Chinese = translate English into Chinese turn into= come into / enter / drive a car into, 6)conscience (n.)良心;道德心 for conscience sake为求安心 in (all) conscience 正当地;凭良心 have a guilty conscience about 因而感到内疚 7)expense(n.)费用;代价 at any expense= at any cost 不惜任何代价;无论如何 at the expense of 牺牲; 以为代价 expen

14、sive(adj.),以下词选自19个建议补充掌握的常用书面表达高级词汇(考纲中原只要求理解的词汇和其他非考纲词汇),8)fashion (n.)样式;流行;时尚 come into fashion流行起来;时兴 be all (the) fashion极时髦 be in (the) fashion合于时尚 be / go out of (the) fashion不合于时尚 follow (the) fashion赶时髦 fashionable(adj.)流行式样的;赶时髦的; 上流社会的,9)promote(vt.)促进;提升;推销 promote sb. to be 把某人提升为 prom

15、ote his new book推销/宣传他的新书 promote the trade between nations 促进各国间的贸易 promotion(n.),10)worthy (adj.) 有价值的;值得的; 可敬的;应得的; 辨析:worthy可作定语或表语。 作定语时,意为“值得尊敬或赏识的 -a worthy person; 作表语时,意为“值得的 ”- be worthy of sb. / sth.值得的 be worthy of being done =be worthy to be done值得做,worth只用作表语,不用作定语,表示 “有价值” -be worth s

16、th/doing worthwhile可作定语或表语,可用在 句型It is worthwhile to do/doing中。,11)casual (adj.) 偶然的;随意的;临时的 casually (adv.)偶然地;随意地;临时地 casual clothes便装 casual occasions 非正式场合 casual meeting巧遇 casual workers临时工 12)refresh (vt.)使(精神)振作;使恢复;更新 refresh sbs memory使某人重新想起 refresh oneself恢复精力 refresher (n.)提神物;可帮助记忆的事物,1

17、3)have no use for不需要;厌恶; 对不耐烦 be of great / no use 很有/ 没有用 come into use 开始使用(无被动) make use of 利用 in use在使用着 go / fall out of use不再被使用;被废弃 put to use使用;利用 use up 用完;耗尽,第二部分:语法,一. 教材和教法分析 1. 语法部分复习了宾语补足语的用法。在复习过程中,应该引导学生进一步认识宾补的位置及可以当宾补的成分。(可利用Ex. 2 on P46来进行引导-找出文章中所有的宾补) 可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动

18、词不定式(包括去to不定式既动词原形)、-ing形式、和过去分词。,Dear Mr Foster, I am replying to your kind letter because our president is travelling abroad. Committee members recently appointed me their chairman and have asked me to tell you how much we all appreciate your donation.,Ex. 2 on P46,It is shocking that so little ha

19、s been done in the past for these children without parents and we believe it is important to get something done to help them as quickly as possible. Many of these children dont know what it is like to wear clean clothes or sleep in a warm bed.,I have seen many of them sleeping in the street and begg

20、ing for food. We have found it very difficult to raise the money we need to help them as many people are not concerned with their welfare.,We consider your offer of help to be a lifesaver for many of these poor children and cannot thank you enough. Yours sincerely, Ms M Lynn Chairman Orphan Rescue S

21、ociety,2. 宾补的用法很大程度上取决于动词的用法,能带宾语补足语结构的动词一定是及物动词,所以熟悉带宾补的动词对掌握这一语法项目至关重要。要引导学生进行这类动词的总结。,为了使学生能对宾补有更清晰的认识,能更好地掌握其用法,我们可以进行如下分类:,第一类: 感觉动词(一感一闻二听五看) feel /smell/ hear, listen to/ notice, observe, see, watch, look at 所接的宾补可以是动词原形(表主动和完成), 也可以是现在分词-ing形式(表主动和进行)或 过去分词(表被动)。 但这些动词变为被动语态时,其充当宾补的不定式要带to 。

22、,eg. 1.I saw him _(cross) the road. (过了马路) -He was seen _(cross) the road. 2. I saw him _(cross) the road. (在过马路) 3. I”ve never heard the song _(sing),第二类: 含使动意义的动词 let, have, get, make, would like, want等 所接的宾补多为动词原形或过去分词。 (have,get也可接现在分词),If Mr Smith is in the hall, will he please make himself _(k

23、now) to me? 2. It makes people _ (know) the importance of protecting environment.,3. The machine doesnt work. I must have it _ (repair) right now. 4. I have a letter _(write). 5. Mr Smith, do you have something _(type)? 6. Professor Li had the students _ (practise) all morning. 7. I wont have you _

24、(say) such things.,第三类: 含命名意义的动词 call, name, appoint, elect, make, consider等 所接的宾补一般是名词。 Call me Joe, please. She was elected the president of the company. 注意和双宾语区别: They have made me the chairman. (宾补) They have made me a nice chair.(直接宾语),第四类: v + sb + to do sth 结构中的动词 所接的宾补一般是不定式。 allow, permit/a

25、dvise, invite, help, inspire, encourage, persuade/ask, beg, request, require, tell, order/cause, force, get/ want, would like, urge, wish, expect,warn, train, remind, teach等 eg. Tell him _ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut,第五类: find, keep 等词的用法非常灵活,后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词

26、、词组、现在分词、过去分词等。 1.We found it very difficult to solve the problem. 2.How can you keep them waiting for so long? 3.Suddenly I found my wallet had been stolen. 4.Keep the door closed.,第六类,特殊结构-with复合结构 后面所接的宾补可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等 1. He usually sleeps with the windows open. 2. The little girl

27、is used to sleeping with lights on. 3. With so much homework to do, I cant go to the party tonight. 4. With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.,二. 考例分析 (10福建)33.In this day and age, women can have children and

28、 jobs as well. I cant agree more. its great to have the two . A. linked B. related C. connected D. combined (10湖南)21. Listen! Do you hear someone for help? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called,(10江西)28 Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life _ and more _, have reduced

29、the need for face-to-face communications. A easily; efficient B easier; efficient C easy; efficiently D easily; efficiently (09全国2 )31. They use computers to keep the traffic _smoothly. A. being run B. run C. to run D. running,(10山东)29. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already

30、_ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B. laying C. to lay D. being laid (09海南)15. Now that weve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions _? A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take,巩固和提升:无论是词汇还是语法学习, 还要通过一定量的练习才能熟练掌握。课本上的练习我们可以选用一些(如本单元P45-46和P85-86上的词汇和语法练习),还应选用一些别的材料上的练习或自行设计的练习作为补充。 总之,我们在进行词汇和语法教学时,要尽量让学生在语境中学,在语境中用。逐步提高阅读和应试能力,应对高考英语的高要求。,Thanks for listening!,

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