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1、Unit 7,New Data Shows Carbon Emissions Falling As Shale Gas Debate Is Rising,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,Pre-Reading,I. Energy is broadly classified into two main groups: Renewable and Non-renewable. Learn something about them and complete the following table with information you can get about them.,英文报刊国际商务阅读（
2、第二版）,wind power, hydropower, tidal power, solar energy, biomass, biofuel, geothermal energy,Pros: renewable and easily regenerated; no burning is required thus does not pollute the environment; available everywhere. Cons: Technology required to trap renewable energy is costly; affected by weather th
3、us reducing their reliability.,fossil fuels (such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, shale), radioactive fuel (such as nuclear power), chemical energy,Pros: easy to transport; cost of producing is low; most are abundantly available; not affected by climatic condition. Cons: produce harmful green house
4、 gases; harmful to the environment; cannot be replaced making them,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,II. The following paragraph is a brief introduction of the newspaper The Christian Science Monitor. Fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the form where necessary.,covers,started,mission,religious,platform,英
5、文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,Notes,1. shale gas: 页岩气 是从页岩层中开采出来的天然气，为一种重要的非常规天然气资源。过去十年内，页岩气已成为美国一种日益重要的天然气资源，同时也得到了全世界其他国家的广泛关注。2000年，美国页岩气产量仅占天然气总量的1%；而到2010年，因为水力压裂、水平钻井等技术的发展，页岩气所占的比重已超过20%。根据美国能源信息署的预测，到2035年时，美国46%的天然气供给将来自页岩气。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,2. natural gas: 天然气 3. facilitate: vt. 促进，使便利 The new trade agre
6、ement should facilitate more rapid economic growth. 新贸易协定应当会加快经济发展。 4. variable: n. 可变因素，变量 5. to arrive at their conclusions: 得出结论 The two studies arrive at very different conclusions. 这两次研究得出完全不同的结论。 表示“得出结论”的其他短语有： reach/draw/come to a conclusion,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,6. by all accounts: 根据各方面所说，据说， 大
7、家都说 By all accounts, San Francisco is a city thats easy to fall in love with. 人人都说旧金山是个很容易令人倾心的城市。 7. carbon dioxide: 二氧化碳 carbon monoxide 一氧化碳 sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫 8. electric generation: 发电 9. economic output: 经济产出,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,10. the Great Recession:（经济）大衰退 发生于2007年至2008年的全球性经济危机， 也被称为the Seco
8、nd Great Depression。 the Great Depression:（经济）大萧条，是发生于1929年至1933年的全球性经济危机。 11. shale-gas boom: 页岩气热 12. cleaner fuels: 更清洁燃料 13. solar energy: 太阳能 14. nuclear energy: 核能 15. gas industry: 天然气产业,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,16. renewable: adj. 可再生的；可续签的 n.（复数形式）可再生能源（风、水、日光等可不断再生的天然能源） Electricity companies pay a
9、 premium for renewable energy. 电力公司为可再生能源支付额外的费用。 A formal contract is signed which is renewable annually. 正式签订了每年可续签的合同。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,17. thrive: vi. 兴旺，繁荣 His business thrived in the years before the war. 战前那些年他的生意很兴隆。 A business cannot thrive without good management. 没有良好的经营管理，事业就不会兴旺发达。 18. e
10、nergy mix: 能源组合 19. utility scale storage: 大规模存储 20. carbon-related emissions: 碳排放 21. gross domestic product (GDP): 国内生产总值,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,22. credit: vt. 认为是的功劳，把归于 The staff are crediting him with having saved Hythes life. 职员们称赞他救了海丝的命。 Edison is credited with the invention of the phonograph. 留声机
11、的发明归功于爱迪生。 23. to unlock the shale gas: 释放页岩气 24. rock formation: 岩层 25. Btus: 即British Thermal Unit 英国热量单位 英、美等国采用的一种计算热量的单位，简记作Btu。1Btu约等于251.995 8卡路里。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,26. deposit: n. 矿藏，沉积物 27. couple: vt.（通常用作被动）加上，结合 Her intelligence, coupled with her experience, makes her a perfect candidate f
12、or the job. 她的才智，加上她的经验，使她成为该项工作的绝佳候选人。 High inflation coupled with low output spells disaster for the Government in the election. 高通胀加上低产出，导致政府在选举中惨败。 28. gas plants: 天然气厂 29. to come at a price: 付出代价 For some of these young athletes, success comes at a heavy price. 对于有些年轻的运动员来说，成功要付出沉重的代价。,英文报刊国际商
13、务阅读（第三版）,30. default option: 默认选项，必选项 31. jeopardize: vt. 危及，损害 She knew that by failing her exams she could jeopardize her whole future. 她知道考试不及格会影响自己的整个前程。 The talks may still be jeopardized by disputes. 会谈仍有可能因存在争端而破裂。 32. Warren Buffet: 沃伦巴菲特 美国著名投资家、企业家，出生于美国内布拉斯加州的奥马哈市，伯克希尔哈撒韦公司行政总裁。2013年福布斯全球
14、富豪排行榜以530亿美元排名第四位。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,33. Berkshire Hathaway: 伯克希尔哈撒韦公司 由沃伦巴菲特创建于1956年，是美国著名的保险和多元化投资集团。在全世界所有保险公司中，股东净资产名列第一。2014年财富世界500强中，排名第四位。 34. sensitive: adj. 敏感的，易受影响的 Some peoples teeth are highly sensitive to cold. 一些人的牙齿对寒冷高度敏感。 Her reply showed that she was very sensitive to criticism. 她的
15、回答表明她对批评非常敏感。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,35. renew: vt. 延长（执照、合同等）的有效期；给展期；使续签 Every year I renew my membership of the sports club. 我每年都将体育俱乐部会员资格续期。 The job was for a fixed term and the contract is not being renewed. 这个工作有固定期限，而且合同不能续签。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,36. precede: vt. 发生在之前，先于 Intensive negotiations between
16、the main parties preceded the vote. 主要政党在选举前进行了集中的谈判。 Boutros Boutros-Ghali preceded Kofi Annan as the Secretary-General of the UN. 布特罗斯布特罗斯-加利在科菲安南之前担任联合国秘书长。 37. market share: 市场份额 38. curtail: vt. 减少，缩减，限制 The government hopes to curtail public spending. 政府希望缩减公共事业开支。 The purpose of this action w
17、as to curtail inflation. 此行动的目的在于抑制通货膨胀。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,39. offset: vt. 抵消 40. indulge: v.（使）沉溺于，放纵（自己） The soccer fans indulged their patriotism, waving flags and singing songs. 足球迷们摇着旗唱着歌，纵情抒发他们的爱国热情。 He no longer indulged himself in smoking. 他不再过度吸烟了。 41. heavy industry: 重工业,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,42.
18、to give way to: 让位于，为所替代 Over the next few years, the citys buses will give way to a new light rail system. 几年后，城市公交将被新型轻轨系统取代。 43. critical: adj. 极重要的，关键的 The Presidents support is critical to this project. 总统的支持对该计划至关重要。 The incident happened at a critical point in the campaign. 该事件发生在竞选活动的关键时期。,英
19、文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,Key to the exercises I. Vocabulary Exercises,1. Translate the following terms and expressions.,1. variables,2. carbon dioxide,3. electric generation,4. the Great Recession,5. shale-gas boom,变量，可变因素,二氧化碳,发电,（经济）大衰退,页岩气热,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,6. renewables,7. rock formations,8. Btus,9. to com
20、e at a price,10. default option,11. coal-fired power plants,可再生能源,岩层,英国热量单位,付出代价,默认选项,燃煤发电厂,12. affordable price,付得起的价格,13. heavy industry,重工业,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,14. 天然气,15. 得出结论,16. 经济产出,17. 更清洁燃料,18. 太阳能,19. 核能,natural gas,to arrive at conclusions,economic output,cleaner fuels,solar energy,nuclear en
21、ergy,20. 天然气产业,gas industry,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,21. 能源组合,22. 碳排放,23. 国内生产总值,24. 释放页岩气,25. 天然气厂,26. 市场份额,energy mix,carbon-related emissions,GDP(gross domestic product),to unlock the shale gas,gas plants,market share,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,2. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the
22、form if necessary.,1) jeopardised 2) thrived 3) credited 4) coupled 5) give way to 6) curtail,7) facilitate 8) indulged 9) critical 10) renew 11) sensitive 12) preceded,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,II. Comprehensive Exercises,1. 1) d. 激烈地进行 2) c. coal 2. It refers to carbon dioxide emissions. 3. Heat-trapping em
23、issions are falling. 4. a. 据说 5. 1) the transition from coal to natural gas used for electric generation 2) economic outputs suffering since the Great Recession of 2008 3) warmer winters 6. 1) transition 2) b. Some people criticize the switch from coal-to-gas.,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,7. block 8. 1) Its an a
24、djective；可再生能源. 2) Wind power, tidal power, solar energy, hydropower, biofuel and geothermal energy, etc. 9. 1) b. 利益 2) a. 不管 10. The carbon-related emissions in 2012 are 3.8 percent less than those in 2011. The carbon-related emissions in 2012 are 12 percent less than those in 2007. 11. 1) It is h
25、eld in rock formations a mile beneath the earths surface. 2) Natural gas prices have been reduced to around $3.50 per million Btus, which makes it competitive with coal.,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,12. b. 代价 13. Because of their inexpensive deposits and the relative ease of building new gas plants. 14. Nuclear
26、facilities are prey of gas plants. 15. 1) 以为例 2) nix, ditch 16. close 17. 1) a. the name of a person 2) b. the name of a company 18. b. 关门 19. Dominion Resources Kewaunee Nuclear Plant. 20. 1) concludes 2) A new study. 21. b. happening at a later stage in a process,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,22. 1) Strengths:
27、lower emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides 2) Negative effects: higher GDP, more energy use and the displacement of sources with fewer emissions like renewable and nuclear energy 3) b. The substitution of natural gas for coal and oil will increase the total emissions. 23.
28、帮助，扶助 24. His full name is Michael Shellenberger. His job title is president of the Breakthrough Institute. 25. a. But he warns that the current tools will one day be replaced by those that are more modern. 26. c. 取代,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,III.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.,1. Debate rages
29、 as to whether natural gas is facilitating or blocking the path to a cleaner energy future.,关于天然气是否有助于或阻碍通往更清洁能源未来之路的问题，争论异常激烈。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,2. The answer, of course, depends on whom is asked and what variables that they are using to arrive at their conclusions.,答案当然会因回答人的不同和他们得出结论所使用的变量的不同而不同。,英
30、文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,3. But the switch from coal-to-gas is not without its critics, especially those who say that the shale-gas boom is preventing the escalation of much cleaner fuels such as wind, solar and even nuclear energy.,但是由煤到天然气的转变也受到了批评，特别是有人认为页岩气热阻碍了诸如风能、太阳能甚至核能这样的更清洁燃料的发展。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,4. T
31、hat increased supply has reduced those prices to around $3.50 per million Btus, which makes it competitive with coal.,供应量的上升导致价格下降至每百万英热单位大约3.50美元，这使得天然气和煤相比更有竞争力。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,5. But those inexpensive deposits coupled with the relative ease of building new gas plants has come at a pricethe foreg
32、oing of other fuels.,但是这种便宜的天然气资源加上建设新天然气厂的相对容易却付出了代价人们对其他燃料的放弃。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,6. Despite renewing its license two years ago, Entergy Corp. is ditching its Vermont Yankee facility because it has been unable to compete with cheaper gas-fired units.,尽管在两年前将其许可证续期，安特吉公司正要放弃其佛蒙特洋基核电站，因为它无法与更便宜的燃气设施竞争。
33、,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,7. Beside cutting into the would-be market share of wind and solar, inexpensive natural gas will also diminish efforts to curtail energy usage.,除了侵占风能和太阳能的未来市场份额，便宜的天然气也会使得人们减少在节能方面所做的努力。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,8. Embracing technological change is therefore critical. And todays new thing i
34、s shale gas, although with continued research and development, other fuels will eventually take its place.,接受技术变革因而显得至关重要。页岩天然气是今天的新事物，然而随着不断的研究与开发，其他燃料将最终将其取代。,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,Supplementary Reading,I. Translate the following terms or phrases into Chinese.,1. deposits,2. barrels,3. publicly traded c
35、ompany,4. pilot program,5. commercial production,沉积层，矿藏,桶（石油计量单位）,上市公司,试点项目,商业生产,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,6. state-of-the-art technologies,7. chief economist,8. 页岩油热,9. 石油储备,10. 首席执行官,尖端技术，最先进的技术,首席经济学家,shale oil boom,oil reserves,chief executive officer,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,11. 合资协议,12. 页岩岩层,13. 原油,14. 超级巨头,joint venture agreement,shale formation,crude oil,supermajor,英文报刊国际商务阅读（第三版）,II. Some of the sentences are missing in the article. Try to put each of the following sentences in its right place.,b,a,e,d,c,