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1、Unit Unit 5 5 Travelling abroadTravelling abroad （1 1） 1. _ n资格；资历 qualify v.（使）有资格 2. _ n. 准备；预备 prepare vt. 准备；预备 3. _ vt. 推荐；建议 4. _ n. 舒适；安慰 vt. 安慰 comfortable adj. 舒服的 5. _ n. 代替品；代用品 vt. 用代替 重 点 6. _ n. 需要；要求 require vt. 需要，要求 单 词 7. _ n. 祖国 8. _ vt. 承认；确认；答谢 9. _ vt. 反驳；驳斥 10. _ vt. 占用；占领；占据
2、occupation n. 占领；职业 11. _ n. to adjust to the customs 2. the first time; had ever left 3. which; applying for - 2 - 4. get used to 之重点单词 1. advantage n1. advantage n优势；益处；便利( (反义词 disadvantage)disadvantage) There are both advantages and disadvantages in city life.城市生活既有优势也有弊 端。 Living in big cities
3、has many advantages.生活在大城市有很多优势。 【知识拓展】 have the advantage of有方面的优势 to ones advantage对有利 take advantage of 利用某事；欺骗某人 have/win advantage over优于；胜过 【跟踪典例】 汉译英 他英语讲得很流利，这使他在美国很有利。 _ Havent you learned of the advantage you should _of others weak point in order to win the match? 【答案】 He speaks English ve
4、ry fluently, which is to his advantage in America. take 固定短语，take advantage of.利用。本句中 advantage 已提前，作先行 词，后面为一个定 语从句修饰 advantage。 2. board vt.2. board vt.上船( (火车、飞机等) )；有偿提供食宿 vi.vi.搭伙 n n木板；董事会；膳食费用 board at / board with 付费（在某人家里）膳宿 on board 在船上（或飞机上，火车上） board sb out 把（某人）安排在外膳宿 - 3 - Jim boards a
5、t the Greens. =Jim boards with Mrs. Greens. 吉姆在格林太太家吃住。 She always has her guests boarding out. 她总是安排客人在外面吃饭。 Her election to the board of directors caused great surprise.她被选进董事会， 令人大为吃惊。 注意： broad adj. 宽广的 aboard adv. for boarded the train 3. qualification3. qualification n.n. 资格；资历；证明 He got a med
6、ical qualification last year.他去年取得医学资格证。 He has no qualification for a teacher.他没有担任教师的资格。 【知识拓展】 without qualification 毫无保留地，无条件地 qualify v取得资格；证明合格 qualify sb for sth 使某人具有某种资格/给某人某种资格 qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事 qualified adj.合格的；胜任的 be（well）qualified for/ to do sth 很适合/有资格做某事 【跟踪典例】 Bob thoug
7、ht he had all the right _ for the job, so he went bravely to the manager - 4 - A. diploma B. qualifications C. identification D. signature He does not _ as a teacher of English as his pronunciation is terrible. A. equal B. match C. qualify D. fit 【答案】 B【解析】句意:鲍勃认为他完全有资格胜任这项工作，因此他勇敢地去见经理了。diploma 文凭；
8、 identification身份证明，鉴定；signature签名。 C【解析】qualify取得资格，合格，常与 as或 for等连用。equal比得上，常与介词 to 连用；match相 配，常与介词 with连用；fit适合，常与介词 in 连用。 4. preparation n4. preparation n准备；预备 be in preparation 在准备中 in preparation for为作好准备 make preparations for/against 为/反对作准备 He did little preparation for the exam.他对考试没作什么准
9、备。 She is making preparations for her marriage. 她正在为结婚做准备。 【知识拓展】 prepare v预备；使有准备 prepare sb for sth 使某人对某事有所准备 prepare to do sth 准备去做某事 be (well) prepared for/to do.对有所准备 【跟踪典例】 这个国家正在进行备战。 The country is _ _ _ war. They _ _ _ _ _ the upcoming elections. 他们为即将到来的选举做了充分的准备。 I have to put in a few h
10、ours to _ _ _(准备明天的课程) 【答案】making preparations for have made full preparations for - 5 - prepare tomorrows lesson 5. recommend5. recommend vt.vt. 推荐；建议 recommend. to sbrecommend sb向某人推荐 recommend sb for 推荐某人做(某职位) recommend sb as推荐某人为 recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 recommend doing sth 建议做某事 recommen
11、dthat从句(从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即 shoulddo，should可以省略)建 议 I recommend you to buy this dictionary and that tape.我建议你买这本字典和那盒磁 带。 I can recommend Miss Green as a good typist.我可以推荐格林小组为一名优秀的打字 员。 The doctor strongly recommended that he take a holiday.医生竭力劝他休假。 【跟踪典例】 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 He recommended me _ (change) my
12、way of life. It is strongly recommended that the machine _ (check) every year. The doctor recommended _ (limit) the amount of fat in my diet. 【答案】to change (should) be checked limiting 6. comfort n6. comfort n舒适；安慰 vt.vt.安慰 She comforted herself with the thought that it would be soon spring. 她想到春天很快
13、就要来临，以此来安慰自己。 Jerrys been a real comfort to me since Max died. 麦克斯去世后，杰里成了我真正的安慰。 【知识拓展】 (1)in comfort 舒适地；放松地 be a comfort to sb 对某人来说是个安慰 (2)comfort sbgive comfort to sb 安慰某人 - 6 - (3)comfortable adj. 舒服的；安逸的 make oneself comfortable 使某人舒服 【名师点睛】 comfort 作舒适，安慰讲时，为不可数名词，但作令人安慰的人或事物讲时，则 是可数名词，前面常出现
14、不定冠词 a。 【跟踪典例】 He is _ great comfort to his parents. You bet. His income enables his parents to live _ comfort. 【答案】a；in 句意：他对他的父母而言是个很大的安慰。的确是。他的收入让他 的父母能够生活安逸。comfort 作令人感到安慰的人或事物讲时为可数名词，所以第一个 空要用 a；in comfort 舒适地，是固定搭配。 7. substitute7. substitute (1)n.代替者；代用品。后常与介词 for 连用。 The manager has to find
15、 a substitute for Tim.经理不得不找个人来代替蒂姆。 Vitamin pills are no substitute for a healthy diet.维生素药片不是健康饮食的替代 品。 (2)v.(用)代替。 substitute A for B 用 A 代替 B substitute B with /by A substitute for 代替 The assistantsubstitutedsubstituted forforhim to attend the school meeting.助手代替他去参加 了校会。 I can substitutesubstit
16、ute milk forfor cream. I can substitutesubstitute cream with/bywith/by milk.我可以用牛奶代替奶油。 We substituted a red apple for green to see if the baby would notice. 我们用红苹果代替青苹果，看看这婴儿会不会发觉。 【易混辨析】substitute/replacesubstitute/replace substitute 指暂时代替或代理 substitute A for B 用 A 代替 B replace 指以新换旧，以好替坏 replace
17、B with A 用 A 代替 B - 7 - We should substitute/replace the broken window with a new one. =We should substitute a new window for the broken one.我们应该用新窗户更换破了的窗 户。 【跟踪典例】 用适当的介词填空。 Homemade parts are being substituted _ imported ones. It is low in fat and used _ a substitute for cream in baked food. Noth
18、ing could substitute _ mothers milk. Fish can be substituted _ meat in this recipe. 【答案】for as for with 8. requirement n8. requirement nCC需求；要求 meet/satisfy ones requirement 满足/达到某人的要求 The new computer system will meet all our requirements. 新的计算机系统将能满足我们所有的需要。 【名师点睛】 requirement 后面的表语从句和同位语从句要用虚拟语气，
19、即从句谓语用(should)动 词原形。如： Do you know the requirement that every applicant(should)have a medical examination? 你知道所有的申请者要进行体检这条规定吗？ 【知识拓展】 require vt.要求；请求，需要 require that sb(should) do.要求某人做某事 require sth of sb 要求某人某事 require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 require doing/to be done需要 The boss required that she (s
20、hould) keep it a secret.老板要求她对此事保密。 These temples require repairing next month. - 8 - These temples require to be repaired next month.这些寺庙下个月需要修缮。 【跟踪典例】 The book requires to be returned on time.(句型转换) The book requires _ The boss required that we work all night.(句型转换) The boss _ all night. The _ of
21、 the boss was that we _ all night. I will do what is required of me. 译：_ The boss _ that everyone _ his best for the company. Thus he will try to _ 老板要求人人为公司尽全力。因此他会尽力满足大家的要求。 【答案】 returning on time required us to work；requirement；work 凡是要求我做的事，我都会办到。 required；(should) try；meet/satisfy everyones req
22、uirement 9. acknowledge vt.9. acknowledge vt.承认；确认；答谢 acknowledge (doing)sth 承认(干过)某事 acknowledgesb/sth.to be/as 承认某人/某物是 acknowledgethat从句 承认 Its generally/universally acknowledged that. 大家公认 With no solid evidence，he refused to acknowledge stealing(steal) the ladys purse. 没有确凿的证据，他拒绝承认偷了那位女士的钱包。 I
23、t is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 人们普遍认为应该依据整体素质来评价学生。 【跟踪典例】 补全句子 我们应该对他帮助我们学英语表示感谢。 - 9 - We should _ _ _ with our English. Professor Hawking is generally _ _ one of the worlds greatest living physicists.(同义句转换) _ _ _ _ _ Professor Hawking is o
24、ne of the worlds greatest living physicists. The boy, who unusually got high marks this time, finally acknowledged_(cheat) in the exam. 【答案】 acknowledge his help acknowleged as; It is generally acknowledged that having cheated 句意：这次那个男孩竟想不到地获得了高分，他最终承认考试作弊了。考 查非谓语动词。acknowledge doing sth 承认做某事，动作 ch
25、eat 发生在谓语动词 acknowledge 之 前，且与逻辑主语 the boy之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填 having cheated。 10. occupy vt.10. occupy vt.占用；占领；占据；使忙于 occupy sb/oneself in doing sth/with sth 使某人/自己忙于某事 be occupied with sth 忙于某事 be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事 Reading occupies most of my free time. 阅读占去了我大部分的闲暇时间。 When the enemy occupied
26、 the city, the scientist was occupied with his research in an office that he occupied. 当敌人占据这个城市时，这位科学家正在他 所拥有的办公室里忙于他的研究。 【归纳总结】 忙于全神贯注于投身于的短语 be engaged in (doing) sth be absorbed in (doing) sth be busy with sth be busy (in) doing sth concentrate on (doing) sth be devoted to (doing) sth 【跟踪典例】 根据提
27、示，用 occupy的相关短语填空。 When the enemy _ (占领这个城市)，the scientist _ (正忙着) his research. He _ (一直忙于那项研究) for many days. However，he was - 10 - forced to stop the research and leave this city in the end. 单句改错(有 1 处错误)。 He would have attended your birthday party，but he had occupied with a very important experi
28、ment. _ 【答案】 occupied the city；was occupied with；had been occupied himself in the research had 后加 been 之重点短语 1. adjust 1. adjust toto适应；调节(to(to 为介词) ) Some of the staff found it hard to adjust to all the changes in technology and working methods. 有些职员发现要适应技术和工作方法的所有变化是很难的。 【知识拓展】 adjust sth to sth调
29、整以适应 adjust oneself to sth使自己适应于 adjust (oneself) to 中，to为介词，其后须接 n.，pron.或 v.ing 形式， 含有 to的高频动词短语还有： be accustomed to 习惯于 be/get used to 习惯于 contribute to 有助于；导致 devote.to.把贡献到上 get down to 着手 look forward to 盼望；期待 lead to 导致；通向 pay attention to 注意 see to 负责；照料 be addicted to对上瘾 【跟踪典例】 She found it
30、 hard to _ _ _ at night.(work) 她发现很难适应夜间工作。 One must _ _ _ the changing conditions.(adjust) 一个人必须适应环境的变化。 【答案】adjust to working adjust oneself to - 11 - 2 2. keep it keep it upup保持优秀成绩；继续干下去 Excellent work, Crippskeep it up!克里普斯，你干得真好要保持下去！ Keep it up, and you will succeed in this field.继续干下去，你会在这个领
31、域取得 成功的。 【知识拓展】 (1)keep短语： keep up 保持；继续；不低落；不落后 keep back(与)保持距离；抑制；隐瞒 keep off 不接近 keep out 挡住；使不进入 keep away from 避开 keep up with 赶上；跟上 keep ones word /promise 履行诺言 keep.from (doing) sth 阻止某人做某事 keep in touch with与保持联系 keep to 坚守；遵守；坚持 keep.in mind 记住 (2)含有 it 的短语，it 本身无词义，只是帮助构成习语 make it 成功 tak
32、e it easy 别紧张 take it 猜想 catch it 受责备 get it 明白，理解 see to it 留意务必做 as sb put it 正如某人所说 【跟踪典例】 用适当的介词或副词填空。 We will reach the goal if we keep _ the plan. The captain tried his best to keep our spirits _ He told the boys playing football to keep _ the grass. Keep the children away _ the machine. 【答案】
33、to up off from 3. fit 3. fit inin相适应；相融合 Surroundings are important things for animals. If they cant fit it in well, - 12 - they will die out. 环境对动物来说很重要。如果不能很好地适应环境，它们就会灭绝。 【知识拓展】 fit in with sb =get on/along with sb 与和得来 fit in with sth=agree with sth适应 fit up 安装；安放 be fit for 适合；胜任 be fit to do s
34、th 适合做某事 keep fit 保持健康 【跟踪典例】 The book is _(适合) children. My ideas did not _(与一致) his aims. I work out regularly to _(保持健康) I tried to fit _ but they were much younger than I. 【答案】fit for fit in with keep fit in 句意为我尽力地想和他们和睦相处，但是他们比我年轻多了。fit in (with)意为 (和)融洽相处。 4. refer to4. refer to (1)谈及，提及；涉及，与
35、相关。 Dont refer to this matter again, please.请不要再提这件事了。 What I have to say refers to all of you.我要说的和你们大家都有关。 (2)参考；咨询。 If you dont know the meaning of the word, you can refer to the dictionary.如果不 知道那个单词的意思， 你可以查查词典。 【跟踪典例】 他在那场重要的考试中看笔记，真是太愚蠢了，结果，他受到了处罚。 It was foolish of him to_ _ _ _ during that
36、important test, and as a result, he got punished. 【答案】 refer to his notes - 13 - 5. take up5. take up （1）占据（时间或空间） I wont take up any more of your time.我不再占用你的时间了。 （2）以某事作为爱好或消遣 Theyve taken up golf.他们学起打高尔夫来了。 （3）开始从事某事 He takes up his duties next week.他下周就要开始履行职责。 （4）继续，接下去 The bands new album too
37、k up where their last one left off. 这个乐队的新唱片集是接上一集的乐曲录制的。 （5）将改短 This skirt needs taking up.这条裙子需要改短。 【知识拓展】 take sth apart 拆散某物 take back 收回 take down 记下 take in 收留；欺骗 take off起飞；脱下；迅速流行 take on 呈现；雇佣 take out 取出；带出去 take over 接管；接替 【跟踪典例】 Not knowing much of the world yet, simple-minded teenagers
38、are easily _. A. taken up B. taken in C. taken on D. taken off 【答案】B 【解析】句意：因为对世界还了解不多，思想单纯的青少年很容易被欺骗。take up 从 事；take in 欺骗；take on 呈现；take off 起飞。 - 14 - 之重点句型 1.1. ItIt waswas thethe firstfirst timetime sheshe hadhad everever leftleft herher motherland.motherland.这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。 句式 It/This/Thatis/
39、wasthe first/the second/.time that.表示某人第一次 /二次/次做某事。注意该句型中从句的谓语动词常用现在完成时或过去完成时，如果主 句谓语用了 was，则后面的 that从句要用过去完成时；如果主句谓语用了 is 或 will be，则后 面的 that从句要用现在完成时。that可以省略。即：is和 will be 与 has/have done 对 应；was 与 had done对应。如： It is the first time I have been here.这是我第一次到这儿来。 It was the second time that he ha
40、d failed in the exam.这是他第二次考试不及格。 【知识拓展】 It is/was(high)time that sb should do/did sth 意为到了某人做某事的时间了。 相当于 It is/was time for sb to do sth。如： It is high time we went to bed.到我们上床睡觉的时间了。 the first time还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，表示第一次时。如： I fell in love with Lucy the first time I met her in Atlanta. 我在亚特兰大第一次见到露西
41、就爱上了她。 for the first time 是介词短语，只能用作句子的状语，不可用引导状语从句， 它不具有连词的功能。表示第一次。 We met at college for the first time.我们第一次见面是在上大学时。 【跟踪典例】 完成句子 This is the first time we _(see) a film in the cinema together as a family. It was the third time he_(make) the same mistake. _ _ _(第一次)I went to the seaside, I picke
42、d up a great many shells. 【答案】 have seen 句意：这是我们全家第一次一起到电影院看电影。在句型This/It is/was the - 15 - first(second/.) time (that)中，be 动词用 is，从句用现在完成时。 had made 句 意 为 ： 这 是 他 第 三 次 犯 同 样 的 错 误 。 在 It is/was the first/second.time(that)句型中，从句 应用完成时态，再由句中 was可知此处应用过去 完成时。 The first time 句意：第一次去海边，我捡了特别多的贝壳。考查时间状语
43、从句。The first time 引导时间 状语从句。 2. But 2. But I I was also very nervous as was also very nervous as I I didntdidnt know what to expect. know what to expect. 但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我期望的是什么 （1）as引导原因状语从句，what to expect作宾语。 （2）句中 what to expect是疑问句不定式结构，作 know 的宾语。此结构还可作主语和 表语。 How to give advice in English is wh
44、at I am trying to learn.我正在努力学习如何用英 语提建议。(作主语) I really dont know what to write about.我实在不知道该写些什么。(作动词宾语) We must first solve the problem of whom to serve.我们必须首先解决为谁服务的 问题。(作介词宾语) 【跟踪典例】 (1)用疑问词不定式改写下列句子 How we should do it was discussed last night. _ was discussed last night. I didnt know where I s
45、hould go. I didnt know _. The difficulty was how we should cross the river. The difficulty was _. 【答案】How to do it where to go how to cross the river (2)Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast. 【答案】how 句意：二十名学生想参加旨在教授如何快速阅读的课程。how 如何，符合句意。 3.3. LivingLiving withwit
46、h hosthost families,families, inin whichwhich therethere maymay bebe otherother collegecollege students,students, givesgives her the chance to learn moreher the chance to learn more - 16 - about the new culture.about the new culture. 房东家也许会住着其他大学生，跟这样的人家住在一起给她提供了机会，更好地了解这个 新文化。 句中动名词短语 living with host f