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1、第 1111 讲 名词性从句的 5 5 个高频考点与 2 2 种解题方法 备考指导 名词性从句是历年高考中考查的最多的一个考点，通常是以单项填空、语法填空、 短文改错和书面表达的形式进行考查。解决名词性从句类题目通常使用的方法有：看是否是考 查固定句型中固定用法，是否可以运用分析句式结构与句子成分来判断，是否可以运用句子中 的某些特定的动词来判断。 一、名词性从句中的 5 5 个高频知识点 1 1只能用 whetherwhether不能用 ifif的 4 4 种情况 (1)引导主语从句且位于句首 (2)引导表语从句 (3)从句为介词的宾语 (4)后紧跟不定式 2 2有些动词带宾语从句时需要在从
2、句前加 itit 如：hate，like，take，owe，have，see to，depend on，rely on 等，除此之外， take it for granted 中的 it 是位于动词而不是从句之前。 I hate it when people talk with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。 3 3不能省略 thatthat的宾语从句 (1)it 作形式主语时 (2)宾语从句较长时 (3)主句的状语置于主句句尾、宾语从句之前 I realized at once that I had dialed the wrong numbe
3、r. 我立即认识到了我打的号码错了。 (4)宾语从句中的状语或状语从句置于从句句首时 He told us that if we would all come to help out the whole situation would be looking up.他告诉我们如果我们能够全部来帮忙整个局势会好转。 (5)主句谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时 He found，however，that this was not true. 然而，他发现这不是真的。 (6)一个动词有两个宾语从句，第一个可以省略，但是第二个不能省略 4 4主语为名词 reasonreason时，表语
4、从句的引导词用 thatthat 不能用 whywhy 1 5 5如果指人的引导词具有双重身份，则用 whoeverwhoever 也就是说引导词既是从句的主语也是主句的主语，这时候应该用 whoever，因为 whoever相当 于 anyone who，he who等。 Whoever doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。(whoever 既是主句的主语也是从句的主语) I will give the prize to whoever comes out first. 谁是第一我就把奖给谁。(whoever 既是 t
5、o的宾语，还是从句的主语) 二、2 2 种方法帮助你解决名词性从句的相关题目 方法 1 1 位置判断法 根据名词性从句的句子特点及其所处的位置，判断出属于哪一种从句，从而确定连词的种类， 也有助于对句子的理解。 What he said astonished us.他所说的话使我们很惊奇。(从句在主语位置，为主语从句) Everything depends on whether you have enough money.一切都看你是否有足够多的钱。(从句 在介词后，为介词的宾语，为宾语从句) The question is where well go this Sunday.问题是我们这周日
6、去哪儿。(从句在 is 后， 为表语从句) He expressed the hope that he would come to China again.他表达了再来中国的愿望。(从句在 抽象名词后，对名词解释说明，为同位语从句) 典例展示 1 (2015全国卷 )After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing._ 答案 wherethat 或去掉 where 解析 found 后为宾语从句，引导词不作句子成分只起连接作用，应用 that 引导，
7、而且 that 可省略。故 where改为 that或去掉 where。 典例展示 2 (2014四川高考)If you notice that when someone is missing or hurt, tell your teacher immediately._ 答案 去掉 when 解析 notice 之后为 that引导的宾语从句，when属于多余词。故去掉 when。 典例展示 3 It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.
8、答案 whether 2 解析 句意：那个旧公交车站是否应该被一家现代化宾馆所取代仍在讨论中。“It”作形式主 语， “_ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or no 作t” 真正的主语。根据句意及题干中的“or not”可知答案为 whether，“whether.or not”在名词 “性从句中意为 是否”。 方法 2 2 句子成分分析法 看从句缺不缺成分，不缺就用 that，whether/if，缺成分就用 wh类连接词(包括 how，because 等)。 典例展示 1 (2016全国卷 )My un
9、cle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live._ 答案 thatwhere 解析 close to 之后为介词 to的宾语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，应用 where。故 that 改为 where。 典例展示 2 (2016全国卷 )My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday._ 答案 howwhat 解析 do 后缺宾语，故把 how改为 what。 典例展示 3 (2014广东高考) I didnt understand _ this
10、 would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation. 答案 why “解析 我”不知道/不明白_会发生这样的事情。不明白的一定是原因。故答案为why。 跟踪训练 考点突破 . .用适当的连接词填空 1_ did this job must be rewarded. 2His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _ he is trying to express. 3Our teachers always tell us
11、 to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. 4Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast. 5When the news came _ the war broke out，he decided to serve in the army. 3 6Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. 7Id like
12、to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the money. 8It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 9The reason why he didnt go to school was _ he fell ill. 10He came late. That was _ he got up late. . .单句改错 1Secondly, watching TV is a good wa
13、y to kill our spare time. Finally, we can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared._ 2As time went on, I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time._ 3Now I am writing to tell you that my city has done to reduce traffic jams in the last few years._ 4I had thought if perhaps the wo
14、man would blame the man. Beyond my expectations, the woman answered with a smile._ 5Fortunately, I had a mobile phone with me, so I called the police and told them that had been found._ 6That college students are mainly concerned about is employment and their dream to have wellpaid jobs where they c
15、an live their lives to the fullest._ 7There is no doubt if English has become a universal language nowadays._ 8That you should learn is how to write down the most important words, not the whole sentence. Remember that you need information, not sentences._ 9. Everything depends on if you agree with u
16、s._ 10. He is wondering when can finish this difficult job._ 能力提升 . .阅读理解 Meet the amazing Eliot Schrefer，and see why were big fans! ScopeScope：Why do you write stories about animals? EliotEliot：Ive always been excited by animal stories.When I was young，I liked reading about animals because they see
17、med like they needed help，and they were also voiceless. ScopeScope：Where did you get the idea for Animal Distress Calls? 4 EliotEliot：Many years ago，I had a friend who worked as a doctor at the Bronx Zoo.One evening he invited me to see the zoo after hours.Wandering that quiet，dark zoo was haunting.
18、I was imagining adventures with big wild animals ， but only the wolves were awake.Then he took me into the clinic，where I met a sick bird.That nighttime visit clearly had a big impact on this story. ScopeScope：Why did you leave Josies fate ambiguous in the story Animal Distress Calls? EliotEliot ： S
19、o many of us have known a creature ， human or nonhuman ， whos been suffering.Sometimes everything gets better，and sometimes it doesnt.That doesnt change the important，compassionate(有同情心的) act of caring.I didnt want the story to become about the outcome of Josies illness.I wanted it to be about the s
20、ympathy Josie and Julia share for each other. ScopeScope：Have you had a personal experience with an animal that changed you? EliotEliot：I had a moment during research for my ape novels when I was staying at a bonobo sanctuary (倭黑猩猩保护区) in Congo.Id have breakfast with Oshwe，a young bonobo who was too
21、 little to eat with the rest of the group.Sitting with him for a few hours each morning，I helped make sure that he finished his meal and got the nutrition he neededbut it also felt like a gift he was giving me.Oh，I remember thinking， youre spending this precious morning time with me! 1According to t
22、he text，Eliot Schrefer is famous _ Aas an animal doctor Bas a volunteer taking care of animals Cfor his social bond with animals Dfor his amazing animal stories 2While visiting the Bronx Zoo，Eliot Schrefer was surprised by _ . Athe active wolves Bthe quiet atmosphere Chis friends behaviour Dthe viol
23、ent wild animals 3Eliot Schrefer left Josies fate ambiguous because _ Ahe thought it was not important 5 Bhe wanted readers to make a guess Che wanted to attract readers attention Dhe would make it clear in his next story 4What was Eliot Schrefers attitude towards Oshwe? AProud. BFrightened. CApprec
24、iative. DDisappointed. . .完形填空 Reading and writing _1_ is a very personal experience.Poets use language as a way of _2_ their feelings，whether positive ones of love，happiness and hope，or negative feelings like _3_ and fear.Poems can describe the beauty of nature，a person，a dream or a memorable event
25、.Most _4_ have tried writing poetry at some time，for example at school.For children， it is a good way to explore language and have _5_ with words as well as to express themselves. But teachers and psychologists have found another use for poetry as a form of therapy(治 疗) to help people with problems.
26、_6_ are benefits for people of all different backgrounds and ages.Writing poetry can help people deal with _7_ in their livesdeath or feelings of sadness ，drug or alcohol problems or serious illness.By writing down your feelings，_8_ can learn to understand yourself better and give yourself a voice i
27、f you feel you are being ignored.A poem might be a way of telling someone something when you do not feel able to talk about it _9_ And just because people are _10_ or having difficulties in their lives，it doesnt mean they have lost their sense of humour.Poems _11_ as therapy can be funny too，as laug
28、hter is also considered to be very good medicine. Students at a special school in Dudley ，in England ，read and write poems _12_Their reason for writing poems is not just to _13_ creative.All of them have problems.Some of them have longterm _14_ conditions， such as cancer， while others have personali
29、ty disorders or psychological problems.By writing poems students are growing _15_selfconfidence.The poems provide a channel through _16_ they can communicate with the world，and express their feelings.They _17_ help them to recognize and explore their problems and to develop a positive attitude to li
30、fe. 6 But the poems are helping _18_ people，too.The school has collected some of the students poems and published them in a book which is _19_ to raise funds for a local hospital.The book has proved very popular，giving students _20_ sense of achievement. 1A.poem Bthe poems Cpoet Dpoetry 2A.expressin
31、g Bexpression Cexpresses Dexpressed 3A.excitement Banger Cdarkness Djoy 4A.people Bstudents Cwriters Dteachers 5A.game Bfun Csmile Dfood 6A.There BIt CThis DThat 7A.branches Bchanges Cexercises Dlines 8A.I Bthey Cshe Dyou 9A.shoulder to shoulder Bface to face Chand in hand Deye to eye 10A.hungry Bil
32、l Cthirsty Dhappy 11A.said Bspoken Cseen Dwritten 12A.some time Beveryday Cevery day Dsometime 13A./ Bis Cbe Dare 14A.salty Bscientific 7 Cnatural Dmedical 15A.in Bon Cfrom Dat 16A.who Bwhich Cthat Dwhen 17A.either Btoo Cyet Dalso 18A.another Bthe other Cother Dthe others 19A.sells Bsell Cbeing sold
33、 Dbeing selling 20A.a Ban C/ Dthe . .语法填空 Three years had passed and things were even worse than before. One can hardly imagine 1._ the poor people suffered. Most of the workers lost their jobs and in order to provide for their families they sold everything 2._ they had in their houses. They could n
34、either get food nor clothing. Many of them fell ill and died. Then they began to understand 3._ the factory owners were their enemies. But they believed that 4._ the government knew 5._ hard their conditions were, they would give them some help. In a meeting they decided 6._ they should send some of
35、 their men to London to tell the government of the truth. Jackson was chosen to be one of them to go to the capital. He felt proud 7._ he could do something for his friends. A few days later, when Jackson came back from London and was asked to tell about 8._ had happened there, he replied in a low v
36、oice, “I will never forget 9._ we workers were treated there. I will never forgive those who refused to hear us. Friends, let us do all we can to struggle against the capitalists and the government 10._ supports them.” 第 11 讲 名词性从句的 5 个高频考点与 2 种解题方法 8 考点突破 . .1.Whoever 2.what 3.what 4.how 5.that 6th
37、at 7.what 8.whether 9.that 10.because . .1.thatwhat 2.whathow 3.thatall/what 4.ifthat 或去掉if 5.thatwhat 6.ThatWhat 7ifthat 8.ThatWhat 9.ifwhether 10can 前加 he 能力提升 . .1.D 细节理解题。根据 Scope 的第一次提问“Why do you write stories about animals”？ 以及 Eliot 的回答可知 Eliot Schrefer 从小就喜欢阅读动物方面的书籍，后来写 成了关于动物方面的小说 Animal
38、Distress Calls。 2B 细节理解题。根据 Eliot “第二次回答中提到的 Wandering that quiet，dark zoo was haunting.”以及“.but only the wolves were awake.”可知，该动物园安静，没有活力。故 答案为 B。 3A 细节理解题。根据 Eliot 第三次回答中的第二、三句“Sometimes everything gets better ， and sometimes it doesnt.That doesnt change the important ， compassionate(有同情心的) act o
39、f caring.”可知，他认为这种模棱两可不重要，没有改变人 们关心、同情的行为。故答案为 A。 4C 推理判断题。根据最后一段 Eliot与倭黑猩猩 Oshwe 的共进早餐出现的场景“看着它 ”吃完、确保它能吸收所需要的营养、珍惜与它一起吃饭的时光 等信息可知，Eliot爱惜和欣 赏 Oshwe。故答案为 C。 . .1.D 从下文提到的 Poets“可知此处阅读和写作指的是 诗歌”。 2A “”诗人使用语言来 表达 情感，express“意为 表达”，符合语境。 3B 空格处是与 fear 并列的负面情绪，故 anger“”生气 符合语境。 4A “根据下文可知试图写诗歌的是多数的 人”
40、。 5B “”“”孩子写诗歌是本着从语言学习中 娱乐 的目的， 娱乐 符合孩子的天性。 6A 上句提到诗歌的另一种益处，此处指对不同背景和年龄的人来说“有”许多益处，故 用 there be结构。 7B “从后面提到的 death or feelings of sadness，drug or alcohol problems or serious illness”“可知这些都是人生中会遇到的问题，写诗歌可以帮助人们解决这些 改变”。 9 8D “从后面的 understand yourself better and give yourself a voice”可知此处主语用 第二人称。 9B
41、前面提到诗歌可以作为一种与他人交流的办法，由此可知不能“面对面”交流的可以 通过这种方式。故答案为 B。 10B 根据后面提到的“having difficulties in their lives”结合选项推知人们在生活中 “”“遇到 疾病 或有 困难”。 11D 根据上文提到的“写诗”可知此处为写好的诗歌可以作为治病的疗法之一。故答案为 D。 12C “”上文提到特殊学校结合后面读、写诗歌可知是学生 每天 都在做的事情。 13C 此处为不定式作表语，creative“”意为 有创造力的 为形容词，故用系动词 be。 14D “根据上下句这些病的问题推知 吃药”。 15A “表示 在方面成长
42、”，用 grow in。 16B 表示与世界交流的通道，前面是先行词后面是定语从句，介词 through提前。 17D 前面提到“The poems provide a channel.”此处又提到诗歌的作用，故答案为 D。 18C 上文提到诗歌帮助遇到问题的人，此处提到诗歌也可以帮助“其他人”。故答案为 C。 19C “根据上下文提到的收集学生的诗歌出版以及 raise funds for a local hospital”可 “”知是 卖 到钱后为医院募捐。 20A 前面提到学生写的诗歌流行了，给学生一种“成就感”，a sense of achievement“意为 一 种成就感”。 . .1.how 2.that 3.that 4.if 5.how 6.that 7that 8.what 9.how 10.which/that 10