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1、防松装置,LOCKING AGENTS,The purpose of locking,防松的目的,The purpose of locking is to prevent structural parts from unwanted displacement as a result of knocking and/or vibration, for example.,防松的目的是防止零件在震动和冲击载荷作用下而产生不必要的移动。,Types of locking,防松的类型,- axial locking 轴向防松,- radial locking 径向防松,- combined lockin
2、g组合防松,Locking agents防松零件,To make the large variety of locking agents somewhat clearer, we distinguish the following groups: 把各类防松零件分为以下几类: - Locking agents for shafts and bores. 孔和轴用防松零件. Locking agents for screwthread joints. 螺纹联接防松件.,The following agents can be used for locking: 下列零件常用于防松: - locki
3、ng plates,止动垫片 - retaining rings; spring retainers for shafts and bores,轴和孔用弹性档圈 - spring washers,弹簧垫圈 - spring clips,弹簧夹 - locking nuts,锁紧螺母 - locking pins,锁紧销 - locking screws,紧定螺钉 liquid locking agents and adhesives.粘接剂,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Locking plates 止动垫片,Lug locking plate w
4、ith one lug 单耳止动垫片,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Lug locking plate with two lugs 双耳止动垫片,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Ridge locking plate 外舌止动垫片,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Three-fold locking plate 三折止动垫片,Retaining rings 止动垫圈,Ridge retaining ring 内舌止动垫圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR S
5、CREWTHREAD JOINTS,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Square-hole retaining ring 方孔止动垫圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Spring plates 弹性垫片,Toothed spring plate 内齿弹性垫片,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Spring washers 弹性垫圈,Single spring washer with bent-upward ends 弹簧垫圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR
6、SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Closed arched spring washer 鞍形弹性垫圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Cupped spring washer 杯形弹性垫圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Closed corrugated spring washer波形弹性垫圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Closed flat toothed spring washer with internal toothing 内齿锁紧垫圈,LO
7、CKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Closed flat toothed spring washer with internal toothing 外齿锁紧垫圈,Lock nuts锁紧螺母,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Self-locking nut自锁螺母,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Castellated nut 开槽螺母,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SCREWTHREAD JOINTS,Round split pin开口销,LOCKING AGE
8、NTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Locking plates 止动垫片,Rectangular locking plate 矩形止动垫片,Retaining rings 锁紧挡圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Adjusting ring 螺钉锁紧挡圈,Spring retainers for shafts,轴用弹性挡圈 axial mounting 轴向固定,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Flat spring retainer平弹性挡圈,LOCKING
9、AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Curved spring retainer 弯曲弹性挡圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Spring retainer with bevel带斜面弹性挡圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Radial mounting径向固定,Flat spring retainer 开口挡圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Spring retainers for bores孔用弹性
10、挡圈,Flat spring retainer 平弹性挡圈,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Spring clips弹性夹,Locking pins定位销,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Cylindrical pin 圆柱销,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Tapered pin 圆锥销,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Fluted pin槽销,cylindrical,tapered,直
11、槽销,锥槽销,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Forked fluted pin中心槽销（槽占全长1/3）,Locking screws紧定螺钉,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Bevelled,conical point,crater end,journal,Adjusting screws with inner hexagon内六角紧定螺钉,凹端,锥端,平端,圆柱端,LOCKING AGENTS FOR SHAFTS AND ACCESSORIES,Adjusting screws wi
12、th saw cut开槽紧定螺钉,bevelled,conical point,crater end,journal,平端,锥端,凹端,圆柱端,螺纹联接用防松零件的应用和操作,Application and operation of locking agents for screwthread joints,Locking by exercising a force, in the longitudinal direction or cross direction, or combined. 利用附加力（纵向、横向和组合的力）的方法防松。,纵向,纵向和横向,横向,防松零件: 弹性垫圈,防松零件
13、: 扣紧螺母,防松零件: 自锁螺母,Locking by deformation of the locking agent. 通过锁紧零件的变形锁紧零件,锁紧零件,Remaining types of locking agent. 其他类型.,Locking by exercising a force 利用附加力防松,Locking by exercising a force can be realised as follows:,In the longitudinal direction by spring washers. 利用弹性垫圈进行纵向防松,弹簧垫圈的应用,Spring washe
14、rs with rectangular cross-section 矩形截面弹簧垫圈,Round, arched and corrugated spring washers 球面垫圈，弓形垫圈和波形垫圈,Locking by exercising a force 利用附加力防松,球面弹性垫圈,波形弹性垫圈,Toothed spring washers 有齿锁紧垫圈,Locking by exercising a force 利用附加力防松,有齿锁紧垫圈,锥形锁紧垫圈,Self-locking nuts 自锁螺母,Locking by exercising a force 利用附加力防松,用自锁
15、螺母锁紧,锁紧,未锁紧,In the cross direction by self-locking nuts. 利用自锁螺母进行横向防松,Locking by exercising a force 利用附加力防松,In both directions by DUBO locking spring washers or by pawl nuts 用DUBO弹簧垫圈或扣紧螺母进行两个方向的防松,用扣紧螺母锁紧,DUBO 锁紧弹性垫圈和杯形弹性垫圈,紧固前,Locking by deforming the locking agent 利用防松元件的变形防松,Lug locking plates 带
16、耳止动垫片,止动垫片的应用,截止,Locking by deforming the locking agent 利用防松元件的变形防松,Locking by deforming the locking agent 利用防松元件的变形防松,止动垫片用于轴承装配中,Ridge locking plates外舌止动垫片,Locking by deforming the locking agent 利用防松元件的变形防松,外舌止动垫片,Multiple locking plates 多折止动垫片,Locking by deforming the locking agent 利用防松元件的变形防松,三折
17、止动垫片,Ridge retaining rings 带舌定位环,Locking by deforming the locking agent 利用防松元件的变形防松,Remaining types of locking agents 其它类型,Castellated nut with split pin 开口销与带槽螺母,开口销的应用,Locking wire锁紧钢丝,Remaining types of locking agents 其它类型,锁紧钢丝的应用,Remaining types of locking agents 其它类型,Liquid locking agents 粘合法防松
18、,Locking plates 止动垫片,Adjusting rings 调整环,Locking agents for shafts and bores 轴和孔用锁紧零件,Locking agents for shafts and bores 轴和孔用锁紧零件,弹性张开Stretched,弹性挡圈的弹性,Spring retainers for shafts 轴用弹性挡圈,Locking agents for shafts and bores 轴和孔用锁紧零件,1.带斜角的孔用弹性挡圈. 2.轴用弯曲弹性挡圈 . 3.孔用弹性挡圈. 4.轴用弹性挡圈.,弹性挡圈的各类应用,Locking ag
19、ents for shafts and bores 轴和孔用锁紧零件,Spring retainers for bores 孔用弹性挡圈,孔用弹性挡圈,Locking agents for shafts and bores 轴和孔用锁紧零件,Spring clips 弹性夹,装配与拆卸,Locking agents for shafts and bores 轴和孔用锁紧零件,Locking agents for shafts and bores 轴和孔用锁紧零件,弹簧夹的应用,Locking agents for shafts and bores 轴和孔用锁紧零件,Locking pins 销
20、,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,Spring washers and toothed spring washers 弹性垫圈和有齿弹性垫圈,Do not use spring washers with upward bent ends unless they are necessary. The damage resulting from the milling action will only increase with repeated use. 尽可能不
21、要弯曲弹簧垫圈的开口端，否则会导致连接件表面被子划伤。,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,Select the correct type of spring washer for the construction. Cylindrical counterbored bolts require a different spring washer than countersunk bolt joints. 根据结构选择合适的弹性垫圈，圆柱沉头螺栓和圆锥沉头孔所需要的弹
22、性垫圈是不同的。,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,Pay attention that the toothing of toothed spring washers actually make contact with the contact surfaces of the parts to be joined. For example, with too large bolt holes, use a flat toothed spring washer wi
23、th internal or external toothing. 必须注意把有齿弹性垫圈的齿与连接件的表面接触。如，对于大螺栓孔，利用一个有内齿或外齿的平齿形弹性垫圈。,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,DUBO locking spring washers DUBO弹性垫圈,The nut must be tightened until the outer thickening of the ring is deformed and has risen aro
24、und the hexagon of the nut. The bolt then has the normal prestress and the nut is completely locked. Excessive tightening of the nut is wrong!,Castellated nut with split pin 开口销和带槽螺母,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,Some practical tips with assemblin
25、g and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,Liquid locking agents 液体防松剂,The following applies to locking by means of liquid synthetic resin（合成树脂）: the better the contact faces touch each other, the thinner the adhesive layer becomes, and the better the joint is. Contact faces must be properly c
26、lean and free of grease. Cleaning can be done with specially products. A slightly rough surface increases the strength.,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,Spring retainers弹性挡圈,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装
27、配和拆卸工具,The thickness of spring retainers (s) has a tolerance of h11, while the inner diameter d3 of an external clamping ring has a tolerance of h12 and the outside diameter d3 of an internal clamping ring with H12,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,对中
28、边,心轴Mandrel,导套,对中边,带对中边的辅助工具,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,带凹槽的心轴,Some practical tips with assembling and disassembling retaining rings 弹性挡圈的装配和拆卸工具,Placing spring retainers,When the groove for the retaining ring is close to the end of the shaft o
29、r bore, the ring ends are first placed into the groove, and the remaining portion of the ring is then pressed along the circumference of the groove. In this way, the ring distorts(扭曲) least in the radial direction.,How to tight bolts or screws 如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉,1、螺钉或螺母与工件贴合的表面要光洁、平整。 2、要保持螺钉或螺母与接触表面的清洁。 3、螺
30、孔内的脏物应清理干净。 4、成组的螺母在拧紧时要按一定的顺序进行。,How to tight bolts or screws 如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉,How to tight bolts or screws 如何拧紧螺栓和螺钉,5、拧紧成组螺母时要做到分次逐步拧紧。（一般不少于三次）。 6、必须按一定的拧紧力矩拧紧。 7、凡有振动或受冲击力的螺纹联接，都有必须采用防松装置。,How to tight stuf bolts 如何拧紧双头螺柱,1、应保证双头螺柱与机体螺纹的配合紧密性。 2、保证双头螺柱轴心线与机体表面垂直。 3、装入双头螺柱时，必须先用润滑油将螺栓、螺孔进行润滑，以免拧入时产生咬住现象。,